Squeezing device for underground project

Abstract

A squeezing device for an underground project, comprising a guide body, a vibration system, a lubricating system, a guide system, a cutting mechanism and a gate, wherein the vibration system is located on four walls of the guide body, the lubricating system is internally provided with a lubricating pipeline along the four walls of the guide body and communicates with a corresponding lubricating nozzle, the guide system is located on four walls at a front end of the guide body, and the cutting mechanism is located at a front end of an inner cavity of the guide body, and the gate is located in a functional bin.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A soil-squeezing device for underground project, comprising: conductor, vibration system, lubrication system, guidance system, cutting structure and sluice. The vibration system is located in the four inner walls of the conductor. The lubrication system is located in the lubrication pipes along the four inner walls of the conductor and connected with the lubrication nozzle in proper positions. The guidance system is located in the four inner walls on the front end. The cutting structure located in the front end of inner cavity of the conductor, and the sluice is located in the function chamber of the conductor. 
     
     
         2 . The soil-squeezing device for underground project according to  claim 1 , wherein the mentioned conductor includes squeezing chamber ( 1 ), shell integuments ( 2 ), reinforcing plate ( 3 ) and function chamber ( 4 ). The squeezing chamber ( 1 ) is a trapezoid-shaped or cone-shaped hollow cavity with certain length, width and height, and the projecting area of the front end of the squeezing chamber is less than the back end. The shell integument ( 2 ) is a grid steel structure which is made of two layers of panels, and between which a reinforced board ( 3 ) is added so as to strengthen the thickness and strength of the shell. The conductor includes front and back parts. The front part is the trapezoid-shaped or cone-shaped squeezing chamber ( 1 ), and the back part is the function chamber ( 4 ) connecting with the prestress concrete cavity ( 5 ). The function chamber ( 4 ) is a hollow rectangle steel structure with certain length. The front part of the function chamber ( 4 ) is the same as the outer size of the back end of the squeezing chamber, and the back part is the same as the size of the front part of prestress concrete cavity ( 5 ). The prestress concrete cavity ( 5 ) is a hollow rectangle prestressed concrete part with certain wall thickness and section length, and extra sections can be connected to prolong the cavity. The interface of the front end of the function chamber ( 4 ) and the back end of the squeezing chamber ( 1 ) uses flexible sealing gasket ( 20 ), and is put into the sealing groove ( 20 ′) which is specially designed by avoiding the positions of bolt holes ( 8 ). The flexible sealing gasket ( 20 ) bulges a little above the top surface of the sealing groove ( 20 ′), and the connecting point adopts bumpy paneling jointing ( 34 ) method. The bulging surface of the flexible sealing gasket ( 20 ) is fastened to the top surface of the sealing groove ( 20 ′) when fastening the bolt ( 9 ) so as to strengthen sealing effect. The joint datum of back end of the function chamber ( 4 ) and the prestress concrete cavity ( 5 ) and the vertical plane and horizontal plane of the joint datum of the front and back prestress concrete cavity ( 5 ) adopt flexible sealing gasket ( 20 ), and is inserted in the sealing groove of vertical plane ( 20 ′) and horizontal plane ( 20 ′) of the prestress concrete cavity ( 5 ). Thus two-level sealing is realized on the jointing point. There is a shoulder ( 7 ) along the perimeter of the shell on the jointing point of the squeezing chamber ( 1 ) and function chamber ( 4 ) and there are bolt holes ( 8 ) along the surroundings of the shoulder and connected by bolts ( 9 ). There is enough space for installing revolving door ( 10 ), upper axle base of door ( 11 ), lower axle base of door ( 12 ), big disc cutter base ( 13 ), small disc cutter base ( 14 ), power equipment ( 41 ) and transmission opponents in the function chamber.( 4 ) 
     
     
         3 . The soil-squeezing device for underground project according to  claim 1 , wherein the mentioned vibrating system includes gas source vibrator ( 15 ), air duct ( 16 ) and sheet for vibration ( 17 ). There are rectangle or circular holes ( 18 ) with certain areas in appropriate positions in the squeezing chamber ( 1 ) and the four walls of the function chamber ( 4 ). The edges inside the holes ( 18 ) are steps ( 19 ), and there are sealing gaskets ( 20 ) on the surface of the steps ( 19 ). The sheet for vibrations ( 17 ) are pressed on the sealing gaskets ( 20 ) and installed on the steps ( 19 ) inside the holes ( 18 ) by bolts ( 9 ), the outer surface is a little higher than the outer surface of the shell integuments ( 2 ) after the sheet for vibration ( 17 ) is installed. The gas source vibrator ( 15 ) is installed in appropriate positions on the bottom of the sheet for vibration ( 17 ) by bolts ( 9 ), which is connected with the other gas source vibrators ( 15 ) along the air ducts ( 16 ) between the plates of the shell integuments ( 2 ). There are checking holes ( 23 ) on the jointing parts of gas source vibrators ( 15 ) and air ducts ( 22 ), which is used for installing and repairing the joints of air ducts ( 22 ) and gas source vibrators ( 15 ). The checking windows(holes preserved for checking) ( 23 ) adopt inner cover plates ( 24 ) and are blocked by screwing hard with the inner walls of the shell ( 2 ′) through bolts and sealing gaskets ( 20 ). By pumping into high-pressure gas through the air duct ( 16 ), the vibrator's amplitude and exciting force on the sheet for vibration ( 17 ) are spread to the sand sticking to the sheet for vibration ( 17 ), and reduce the friction by destroying the conductor's electrostatic adsorption effect caused by sand. 
     
     
         4 . The soil-squeezing device for underground project according to  claim 1 , wherein the lubrication system includes lubrication pipes ( 25 ), lubrication nozzles ( 26 ) and fan-shaped exit ( 6 ). The principle lubrication pipe ( 25 ) is installed in appropriate positions between the two planes of the shell integument ( 2 ), and the outer end of which connects with lubricant pump, and is connected with the principle lubrication pipe ( 25 ′) along the extending direction of the principle lubrication pipe ( 25 ) on the position of the lubrication nozzle ( 26 ). There are checking holes ( 23 ) in the lubrication nozzle ( 26 ) for checking and connecting, and the structure and installing method of which are the same as the checking holes of vibrating system ( 23 ). There is at least one lubrication nozzle ( 26 ) in appropriate positions in the four inner walls of the squeezing chamber ( 1 ), the function chamber ( 4 ) and the prestressing concrete cavity ( 5 ). There is outer thread on lubrication nozzles ( 26 ), which could be screwed tightly with inner thread of the walls of the shell ( 2 ) and the walls of prestressing concrete cavity ( 5 ). The outlet of the lubrication nozzle ( 26 ) is fan-shaped, and the direction of the fan-shaped exit ( 6 ) is on the contrary to the squeezing direction in case of being blocked. The lubricant modulated according to the land conditions will be sprayed from the lubrication nozzle ( 26 ) through principle lubrication pipes ( 25 ) and subsidiary pipes ( 25 ′) by mud pump, and a thin layer of liquid separator is formed in the interface between the sand and walls of conductors. 
     
     
         5 . The soil-squeezing device for underground project according to  claim 1 , wherein the mentioned guidance system includes director plates ( 27 ), steering cylinders ( 28 ), shafts ( 29 ), connecting sockets ( 30 ) and oil pipes ( 21 ). There is at least one director plate ( 27 ) on each wall of the front end of the squeezing chamber ( 1 ), and there is a boss ( 31 ) on the back end of the director plate ( 27 ). There are grooves ( 32 ) on the front end of the squeezing chamber ( 1 ) walls, and there are bearing holes in the center of grooves and bosses. The bosses should insert the grooves and the shafts should insert the bearing holes, thus, the bosses of the director plate will hinge together with the grooves of the squeezing chamber. There is a matching steering cylinder on appropriate position inside the walls of the squeezing chamber, which is driven by transporting hydraulic oil through oil pipes. The piston rod of the steering cylinder hinges with the connecting socket of the director plate by shafts, and propels the director plate to change in certain angles. There is at least one connecting socket ( 30 ) in the shell of a director plate ( 27 ), which is used for hinging for the piston rod ( 28 ′) of the steering cylinder, and is connected with at least one steering cylinder put on the appropriate positions in the piston rod ( 28 ′) and the squeezing cabin ( 1 ). The director plates ( 27 ) on the left and right side are left-and-right steering team, and the director plates on the upper and lower side is up-and-down steering team. Each team hinges with related bearing holes ( 33 ) of the piston rods of steering cylinders ( 28 ′). When the piston rod of the steering cylinder ( 28 ′) on the vertical side protrudes or withdraws, the counterpart will react oppositely, which will drive the connecting socket ( 30 ) of the director plate ( 27 ) to move synchronously. Thus the director plate ( 27 ) will rotate around the shaft ( 29 ) through the bearing holes ( 33 ) of the boss ( 31 ) and the grooves ( 32 ), and there will occur angle changes towards the left or right side. As the same, the piston rod ( 28 ′) of the horizon steering cylinders protrudes or withdraws, the counterpart ( 28 ′) will also withdraw or protrudes oppositely. The director plate ( 27 ) of the connecting socket ( 30 ) will be driven to rotate around the shaft ( 29 ) in certain angles, thus the horizontal moving position of the squeezing chamber ( 1 ) is adjusted in appropriate angles. 
     
     
         6 . The soil-squeezing device for underground project according to  claim 1 , wherein the mentioned cutting structure includes big disc cutters ( 35 ), small disc cutters ( 36 ), hard rock hammers ( 37 ), principle transmission shafts ( 38 ), secondary transmission shafts ( 39 ), transmission keys ( 40 ), power devices ( 41 ) and fixing frames ( 42 ). The big disc cutter ( 35 ) includes cutting blade ( 43 ), principle transmission shaft ( 38 ) and power device ( 41 ). The big disc cutter ( 35 ) is circular, lying in the front end of the squeezing chamber ( 1 ). The front end-face of the big disc cutter ( 35 ) is a little behind of the front end-face of the director plate ( 27 ). There is at least a big disc cutter ( 35 ) according to the size of the cross section of the squeezing chamber ( 1 ). There are blades ( 43 ) at intervals with different angles on the front end-face of the big disc cutter ( 35 ). The back end of the big disc cutter ( 35 ) connects with power device ( 41 ) on the back end by principle transmission shaft ( 38 ), and the power device ( 41 ) will drive the principle transmission shaft ( 38 ), thus the big disc cutter ( 35 ) will be driven and produce giant torque. The power device ( 41 ) adopts hydraulic motors. There is at least a small disc cutter ( 36 ) on the hollow part between the big disc cutter ( 35 ) and the frame of the front end of the squeezing chamber ( 1 ). There are also blades ( 43 ) at intervals with different angles on the front end-face of the small disc cutter ( 36 ). The small disc cutter ( 36 ) is sleeve-jointed with the keyway of the secondary transmission shaft ( 39 ) connecting with the power device ( 41 ) by the transmission key ( 40 ). Through the secondary transmission shaft, the power device ( 41 ) passes the rolling torque to the transmission key ( 40 ) fixed in the center of the back end of the small disc cutter ( 36 ), thus the small disc cutter ( 36 ) is driven to rotate and cut the soil. There are vertical holes in the axis of secondary transmission shaft ( 39 ), and there are horizontal thrusting cylinders ( 44 ) along the vertical holes. The piston rod ( 45 ) of the horizontal thrusting cylinder is hinged by shafts ( 29 ) with the back end of the small disc cutter ( 36 ). That the piston rod ( 45 ) of the horizontal thrusting cylinder protrudes or withdraws will drive the transmission key ( 40 ) connected with the small disc cutter ( 36 ) to move along the keyway of the secondary transmission shaft ( 39 ), and axial displacement will occur to the small disc cutter ( 36 ) in certain distance. Thus the purpose of adjusting the distance and pressure of the small disc cutter ( 36 ) and the soil ahead will be realized. The principle transmission shaft ( 38 ) and the secondary transmission shaft ( 39 ) are separately connected with the power device ( 41 ), which is installed on the fixing frame ( 42 ) of the function chamber ( 4 ). There are air driven hammers ( 37 ) in the space between the big disc cutter ( 35 ) and secondary cutter ( 36 ), the driving method of which is the same as that of the small disc cutter ( 36 ). But the hammers use air cylinders ( 46 ) as power rather than oil cylinders. Under common circumstance, the air driven hammer ( 37 ) lies in the rear and does not work. When there are stones or rock interlayers, high-pressure air could be input and the piston rod ( 47 ) of the cylinder intrudes and pushes the air driven hammer ( 37 ) forward ahead of the big disc cutter ( 35 ) and the secondary cutter ( 36 ), then the air driven hammer ( 37 ) is started and breaks the rocks avoiding the embarrassing situation of interrupting squeezing. 
     
     
         7 . The soil-squeezing device for underground project according to  claim 1 , wherein the mentioned sluice includes revolving door ( 10 ), axle base of upper door ( 11 ), axle base of lower door ( 12 ), door shaft ( 48 ), two-way cylinder, upper-arc rail ( 50 ), lower-arc rail ( 51 ), driving cylinder, piston rod connector of driving steering cylinder ( 53 ), rear flat globe ( 54 ), bearing hole ( 55 ), support axis ( 56 ), support shaft ( 57 ), standing pulley ( 58 ), axle ( 59 ), axle base ( 60 ), guide wheel ( 61 ), bearing ( 62 ), steel cable ( 63 ), horn cheat ( 64 ), pulley groove ( 65 ), knobs ( 66 ), multi-hole anchorage device ( 67 ) and wedge valve ( 68 ). The revolving door ( 10 ) is a rectangle steel structure ( 3 ) with certain thickness, which is made up of two door plates between which there is a grid reinforcing plate. There is at least a revolving door ( 10 ) in each function chamber ( 4 ). There is a circular door shaft ( 48 ), being fixed with the revolving door ( 10 ). The upper end of the shaft ( 48 ) is installed in the axle base of upper door ( 11 ), and the lower end is installed in the axle base of lower door ( 12 ), and the center of the axle bases of upper door and the lower door corresponds exactly with each other. 
     
     
         8 . The soil-squeezing device for underground project according to  claim 7 , wherein the revolving door ( 10 ) is driven by cylinders. There is an upper-arc rail ( 50 ) clockwise on the top of the revolving door ( 10 ) by the side of door shaft ( 48 ), and there is a lower-arc rail anticlockwise ( 51 ) at the bottom of the revolving door on the opposite side. The piston rod connector of the working cylinder A ( 52 ) is embedded into the upper-arc rail ( 50 ), and the piston rod connector of the working cylinder B ( 52 ′) is embedded into the lower-arc rail ( 51 ), and a shaft ( 29 ) is used for hinging. The protrusion and withdrawing directions of the piston rod of the working cylinder A ( 52 ) and the working cylinder B ( 52 ′) make relative motions. The working cylinder A ( 52 ) and the working cylinder B ( 52 ′) are installed on appropriate positions in the inner walls of the conductor of upper-arc rail ( 50 ) and lower-arc rail ( 51 ). When the working cylinder A ( 52 ) protrudes, its piston rod connector ( 53 ) will push the upper-arc rail ( 50 ) and drive the revolving door ( 10 ) to revolve clockwise, and the working cylinder B ( 52 ′) will also protrude and push the working cylinder B ( 52 ′) and drive the revolving door ( 10 ) to revolve clockwise. As the working cylinder A ( 52 ) and the working cylinder B ( 52 ′) protrude at the same time on the upper and lower end of the revolving door, there will occur impelling force with the door shaft ( 48 ) as the fulcrum, which will drive the revolving door to revolve clockwise through the upper-arc rail ( 50 ) and lower-arc rail, and open the revolving door ( 10 ). On the contrary, when the working cylinder A ( 52 ) and the working cylinder B ( 52 ′) withdraw at the same time, there will occur pulling force with the door shaft ( 48 ) as the fulcrum, which will drive the revolving door to revolve anticlockwise through the upper-arc rail ( 50 ) and lower-arc rail ( 51 ), and close the revolving door ( 10 ). The piston rod connectors of the working cylinder A ( 52 ) and the working cylinder B ( 52 ′) hinge in the upper-arc rail ( 50 ) and lower-arc rail ( 51 ), the stressed point of which correspond to the moving track of the revolving door ( 10 ) when revolving. There are bearing holes ( 55 ) in the center of the rear flat globe ( 54 ) of the working cylinder A ( 52 ) and the working cylinder B ( 52 ′), which is fixed in the support shaft ( 57 ) in the function chamber ( 4 ) by the support axis ( 56 ) penetrating through bearing holes ( 55 ). When the working cylinder A ( 52 ) and the working cylinder B ( 52 ′) intrude or withdraw, the rear end of the globe will revolve around the supporting shaft ( 56 ), matching with the track movement of the upper-arc rail ( 50 ) and lower-arc rail ( 51 ). Thus the revolving door ( 10 ) will revolve around the axis of the axle base of upper door ( 11 ) and the axle base of lower door ( 12 ) being opened or closed. 
     
     
         9 . The soil-squeezing device for underground project according to  claim 7 , wherein the revolving door ( 10 ) adopts the transmission way of the combination of steel cable, pulley and cylinder. There are standing pulleys ( 58 ) on the corresponding sides of the door shaft ( 48 ) on the two ends of the revolving door ( 10 ), and the axle ( 59 ) is installed vertically in the axle base ( 60 ) set on corresponding positions of the two ends of the revolving door ( 10 ). There are guide wheels ( 61 ) on the standing pulleys ( 58 ) of each revolving door ( 10 ) on the corresponding ends of the revolving door ( 10 ) in the inner side of the function chamber ( 4 ), the ends of the axle ( 59 ) of which are installed in the axle bases ( 60 ) of the function chamber ( 4 ), and there are bearings ( 62 ) in the axle bases ( 60 ), being fixed in the pulley groove ( 65 ) by the horn cheat ( 64 ), the steel cable ( 63 ) extends to the standing pulley ( 58 ) installed in the knobs ( 66 ) of the piston rod of the bidirectional steering cylinder inside the function chamber ( 4 ) through the groove ( 65 ) of corresponding standing pulleys ( 58 ) and guide wheels ( 61 ), the position elevation of the standing pulleys ( 58 ) installed on upper and lower end-faces of the revolving door ( 10 ) interlace with each other in case that the steel cables of the pulleys collide. The steel cables have been fixed in the front end of multi-hole anchorage device ( 67 ) with wedge valve ( 68 ) before connecting with the piston rod ( 49 ′) of bidirectional steering cylinder. There is one cable ( 63 ) led from the multi-hole anchorage device ( 67 ) connecting with the standing pulleys ( 58 ) inside the knobs ( 66 ) of the piston rod ( 49 ′) of bidirectional steering cylinder. The standing pulleys ( 58 ) and guide wheels are installed in the two sides of the steel cable ( 63 ), which will fix the steel cable ( 63 ) in the pulley groove ( 65 ) to avoid the derailment of the steel cable ( 63 ). 
     
     
         10 . The soil-squeezing device for underground project according to  claim 9 , wherein when the revolving door ( 10 ) needs to be closed, the lower end of the bidirectional cylinder A ( 49 ) on one side of the function chamber ( 4 ) withdraws and pull the steel cable connected with the knobs ( 66 ) to move in the direction of withdrawing. Thus the steel cable ( 63 ) fixed on the standing pulleys ( 58 ) on the upper end of the revolving door ( 10 ) will be pulled and the revolving door ( 10 ) will be driven to revolve around the axis of the axle base of upper door ( 11 ) and lower door. At the same time, the upper end of the bidirectional cylinder A ( 49 ) protrudes and relax the steel cable ( 63 ) that has been tightened before. Besides, the corresponding bidirectional cylinder B ( 49 ′) moves oppositely, that is, the piston rod ( 49 ′) on the lower end of the bidirectional cylinder B releases the steel cable ( 63 ), while the piston rod ( 49 ′) on the upper end of the bidirectional cylinder tightens the steel cable. The steel cable ( 63 ) fixed on the standing pulley ( 58 ) in the lower end of the revolving door ( 10 ) is pulled and close the revolving door ( 10 ) coordinating with the bidirectional cylinder A( 49 ). If the revolving door ( 10 ) needs to be opened, the bidirectional cylinder in the function chamber ( 4 ) is operated oppositely, and the revolving door ( 10 ) will be opened.