US2019084949A1PendingUtilityA1

New class of mu-opioid receptor agonists

Individually held — no corporate assignee on recordPriority: Mar 12, 2014Filed: Nov 16, 2018Published: Mar 21, 2019
Est. expiryMar 12, 2034(~7.6 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
A61P 25/24A61K 31/554C07D 513/04C07D 417/12A61K 45/06C07D 281/02A61K 2300/00
49
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Claims

Abstract

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A compound having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         A is an aryl or heteroaryl, with or without substitution; 
         R 1  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 3  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R 7  are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O) (alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkylaryl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); and 
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 1  is N, then R 4  is absent, and when Y 1  is C, then R 4  is present; when Y 2  is N, then R 5  is absent, and when Y 2  is C, then R 5  is present; when Y 3  is N, then R 6  is absent, and when Y 3  is C, then R 6  is present; when Y 4  is N, then R, is absent, and when Y 4  is C, then R 7  is present, 
 
         wherein when A is phenyl, R 1  is —CH 3 , R 3 , R 4 , R 6 , and R 7  are each —H, and R 5  is Cl, then R 2  is other than —(CH 2 ) 4 C(O)NH 2 , —(CH 2 ) 4 CO 2 H, —(CH 2 ) 5 CO 2 H, —(CH 2 ) 6 CO 2 H, —(CH 2 ) 7 CO 2 H, —(CH 2 ) 10 CO 2 H, —(CH 2 ) 6 CO 2 CH 2 CH 3 , —(CH 2 ) 6 CH 3 , —(CH 2 ) 20 H, —(CH 2 ) 40 H, —(CH 2 ) 7 OH, 
         wherein when A is phenyl, R 1  is —CH 3 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7  are each —H, then R 2  is other than —(CH 2 ) CO 2 CH 2 CH 3 , —(CH 2 ) CO 2 CH 2 CH 3 , (CH 2 )CO 2 H, —(CH 2 ) 3 CO 2 H, —(CH 2 ) 4 CO 2 H or —(CH 2 ) 6 CO 2 H, 
         wherein when R 1  is —CH 3 , R 2  is —(CH 2 ) 5 CO 2 H, R 3  is —H, R 4  and R 7  are each H, R 5  is —Cl and R 6  is —H or R 5  and R 6  are each —H, then A is other than 2-chlorophenyl or 3-chlorophenyl, 
         wherein when R 1  is —CH 3 , R 2  is —(CH 2 ) 5 CO 2 H, R 3  is —H or —CH 3 , R 4  and R, are each —H, R 5  is Cl and R F  is —H or R 6  is —Cl and R 5  is —H, then A is other than phenyl, 
         wherein when R 1  is —CH 3 , R 2  is —(CH 2 ) 3 CO 2 H, R 3  is —CH 3 , and R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R 7  are each —H, then A is other than phenyl, 
         wherein when A is phenyl, R 1  is —CH 3 , R 3 , R 4 , R 6 , and R 7  are each —H, and R 5  is —SO 2 CH 3 , then R 2  is other than —(CH 2 ) 3 OCH 3 , 
         wherein when A is phenyl, R 1  is —CH 3 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 7  are each —H, and R 5  is —F, then R 2  is other than —(CH 2 ) 6 CO 2 H, 
       
       or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof. 
     
     
         2 . The compound of  claim 1  wherein
 R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-OCH 3 , -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole). 
 
     
     
         3 . The compound of  claim 1  wherein
 R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-OCH 3 , -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole). 
 
     
     
         4 . The compound of  claim 1  wherein
 R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-OCH 3 , -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole). 
 
     
     
         5 . A compound having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         A is an aryl or heteroaryl, with or without substitution; 
         R 1  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl)-(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-OCH 3 , -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 3  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R 7  are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); and 
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 1  is N, then R 4  is absent, and when Y 1  is C, then R 4  is present; when Y 2  is N, then R 5  is absent, and when Y 2  is C, then R 5  is present; when Y 3  is N, then R 6  is absent, 
 Y 8  is N, then R 11  is absent, and when Y 8  is C, then R 11  is present. 
 
       
     
     
         6 . The compound of anyone of  claims 1 - 5 , wherein
 A is   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           wherein R 8 , R 9 , R 10  and R 11  are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(aryl), -(heteroaryl)-(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); 
           Y 5 , Y 6 , Y 7  and Y 8  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 5  is N, then R 8  is absent, and when Y 5  is C, then R 8  is present; when Y 6  is N, then R 9  is absent, and when Y 6  is C, then R 9  is present; when Y 7  is N, then R 10  is absent, and when Y, is C, then R 10  is present; when (heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); and 
 
         
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 1  is N, then R 4  is absent, and when Y 1  is C, then R 4  is present; when Y 2  is N, then R 5  is absent, and when Y 2  is C, then R 5  is present; when Y 3  is N, then R 6  is absent, and when Y 3  is C, then R 6  is present; when Y 4  is N, then R 7  is absent, and when Y 4  is C, then R, is present. 
 
       
     
     
         7 . A compound having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         R 1  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-OCH 3 , -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 3  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R, are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); R 12  and R 13  are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(aryl), -(heteroaryl)-(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH—
 and when Y 3  is C, then R 6  is present; when Y 4  is N, then R 7  is absent, and when Y 4  is C, then R, is present, 
 
         wherein when A is phenyl, R 1  is —CH 3 , R 3 , R 4 , R 6 , and R 7 , are each —H, and R 5  is Cl, then R 2  is other than —(CH 2 ) 4 CO 2 H, —(CH 2 ) 6 CO 2 H, —(CH 2 ) 6 CO 2 CH 2 CH 3 , or —(CH 2 ) 6 CH 3 , 
         wherein when A is phenyl, R 1  is —CH 3 , R 3 , R 4 , R 6 , and R 7 , are each —H, and R 5  is —SO 2 CH 3 , then R 2  is other than —(CH 2 ) 3 OCH 3 , 
       
       or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
     
     
         8 . A compound having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 5  is —Br, or —I; 
         R 4 , R 6  and R 7  are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl) or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl). 
       
     
     
         9 . A compound having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         R 2  is -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl) or -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl); 
         R 5  is —Cl, —Br, —F, or —I; 
         R 4 , R 6  and R 7  are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O) (alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl) or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); 
         R 8 , R 9 , R 10  and R 11  are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(aryl), -(heteroaryl)-(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl). 
       
     
     
         10 . The compound of  claim 7  having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 5  is —Cl, —Br, —F, or —I; 
         R 4 , R 6  and R 7  are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl) or —SO-(heteroaryl). 
       
     
     
         11 . The compound of  claim 7  having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         R 2  is -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl) or -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl); 
         R 5  is —Cl, —Br, —F, or —I; 
         R 4 , R 6  and R 7  are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl) or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); 
         R 8 , R 9 , R 10  and R 11  are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(aryl), -(heteroaryl)-(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl). 
       
     
     
         12 . The compound of  claim 1  having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         13 . The compound of  claim 1  having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         14 . The compound of  claim 1  having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         15 . The compound of  claim 7  having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         16 . The compound of  claim 7  having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         17 . The compound of  claim 1  having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , Y 4 , Y 5 , Y 6 , Y, and Y 8  are each C; 
         R 1  is —CH 3  or —CH 2 CH 3 ; 
         R 2  is —(C 1 -C 8  alkyl), —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-OH, —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-CO 2 H, —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-CO 2 CH 2 CH 3 , —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-OCH 3 , —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-C(O)NH 2 , —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-CF 3 , —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-SCH 3 , —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-OAc, —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-CH(CH 2 CH 3 ) 2 , —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-O—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane), —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane), —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole), —(C 1 -C 2  alkyl)-O—(C 1 -C 2  alkyl)-OCH 3 , —(C 1 -C 2  alkyl)-O—(C 1 -C 2  alkyl)-OH, —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-C(O)—NH—(C 1 -C 2  hydroxyalkyl), —(C 1 -C 2  alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, or —(C 1 -C 2  alkyl)-pyrrolidine; 
         R 3  is —H; 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 10  and R 11  are each independently —H, —OCH 3 , or —Br; and 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7  are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CH 3 , —OCH 3 , —OH, —OAc, —SCH 3 , —SCH 2 CH 3 , S-iPr, —SO 2 CH 3 , —S(O)CH 3 , -(phenyl), —O—CH 2 (phenyl) or —O-(phenyl), 
       
       or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
     
     
         18 . The compound of  claim 7  having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , and Y 4  are each C; 
         R 1  is —CH 3 ; 
         R 2  is —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-OCH 3 , —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-O—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-CO 2 CH 2 CH 3  or —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-OCH 3 ; 
         R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R 12  are each —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I; and 
         R 13  is —H or —Br, 
       
       or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
     
     
         19 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of any one of  claims 1 - 18  and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         20 . A method of activating a mu-opioid receptor or delta-opioid receptor comprising contacting the mu-opioid receptor or delta-opioid receptor with the compound of any one of  claims 1 - 18 . 
     
     
         21 . A method of treating a subject afflicted with pain, a depressive disorder or a mood disorder comprising administering an effective amount of the compound of any one of  claims 1 - 18  to the subject so as to treat the pain, depressive disorder or mood disorder. 
     
     
         22 . A method of activating mu-opioid receptor or delta-opioid receptor comprising contacting the mu-opioid receptor or delta-opioid receptor with a compound having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         A is an aryl or heteroaryl, with or without substitution; 
         R 1  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(l, 3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 3  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R, are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O) (alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkylaryl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); and 
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 1  is N, then R 4  is absent, and when Y 1  is C, then R 4  is present; when Y 2  is N, then R 5  is absent, and when Y 2  is C, then R 5  is present; when Y 3  is N, then R 6  is absent, and when Y 3  is C, then R 6  is present; when Y 4  is N, then R, is absent, and when Y 4  is C, then R 7  is present, 
 
       
       or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, so as to thereby activate the mu-opioid receptor or delta-opioid receptor. 
     
     
         23 . A method of treating a subject afflicted with with pain, a depressive disorder or a mood disorder comprising administering an effective amount of the compound having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         A is an aryl or heteroaryl, with or without substitution; 
         R 1  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 3  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R, are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O) (alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkylaryl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); and 
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 1  is N, then R 1  is absent, and when Y 1  is C, then R 4  is present; when Y 2  is N, then R 5  is absent, and when Y 2  is C, then R 5  is present; when Y 3  is N, then R 6  is absent, and when Y 3  is C, then R 6  is present; when Y 4  is N, then R 7  is absent, and when Y 4  is C, then R 7  is present, 
 
       
       or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to the subject so as to thereby treat the pain, depressive disorder or mood disorder. 
     
     
         24 . A method of treating a subject afflicted with a depressive disorder or a mood disorder comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a NMDA receptor antagonist, an NMDA receptor partial agonist, a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, a neurokinin 2 receptor antagonist or a neurokinin 3 receptor antagonist and an effective amount of a compound having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         R 1  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 3  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R, are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkylaryl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); and 
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 1  is N, then R 4  is absent, and when Y 1  is C, then R 4  is present; when Y 2  is N, then R 5  is absent, and when Y 2  is C, then R 5  is present; when Y 3  is N, then R 6  is absent, and when Y 3  is C, then R 6  is present; when Y 4  is N, then R 7  is absent, and when Y 4  is C, then R, is present, 
 
       
       or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, so as to thereby treat the subject. 
     
     
         25 . A method of treating a subject afflicted with pain comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a NMDA receptor antagonist, an NMDA receptor partial agonist, a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, a neurokinin 2 receptor antagonist or a neurokinin 3 receptor antagonist and an effective amount of a compound having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         A is an aryl or heteroaryl, with or without substitution; 
         R 1  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 1  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO_H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(l, 3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 3  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R, are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O) (alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkylaryl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); and 
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 1  is N, then R 4  is absent, and when Y 1  is C, then R 4  is present; when Y 2  is N, then R 5  is absent, and when Y 2  is C, then R 5  is present; when Y 3  is N, then R 6  is absent, and when Y 3  is C, then R 6  is present; when Y 4  is N, then R 7  is absent, and when Y 4  is C, then R, is present, 
 
       
       or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, so as to thereby treat the subject. 
     
     
         26 . A compound having the structure 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         A is an aryl or heteroaryl, with or without substitution; 
         R 1  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 3  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R 7  are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkylaryl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); and 
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 1  is N, then R 4  is absent, and when Y 1  is C, then R 4  is present; when Y 2  is N, then R 5  is absent, and when Y 2  is C, then R 5  is present; when Y 3  is N, then R 6  is absent, and when Y 3  is C, then R 6  is present; when Y 4  is N, then R 7  is absent, and when Y 4  is C, then R 7  is present, 
 
         or a salt or ester thereof, for use as an add-on therapy or in combination with a a NMDA receptor antagonist, an NMDA receptor partial agonist, a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, a neurokinin 2 receptor antagonist or a neurokinin 3 receptor antagonist in treating a subject afflicted with a depressive disorder or a mood disorder. 
       
     
     
         27 . A compound having the structure 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         A is an aryl or heteroaryl, with or without substitution; 
         R 1  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 3  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R 7  are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O) (alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkylaryl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); and 
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 1  is N, then R 4  is absent, and when Y 1  is C, then R 4  is present; when Y 2  is N, then R 5  is absent, and when Y 2  is C, then R 5  is present; when Y 3  is N, then R 6  is absent, and when Y 3  is C, then R 6  is present; when Y 4  is N, then R 7  is absent, and when Y 4  is C, then R 7  is present, 
 
         or a salt or ester thereof, for use as an add-on therapy or in combination with a a NMDA receptor antagonist, an NMDA receptor partial agonist, a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, a neurokinin 2 receptor antagonist or a neurokinin 3 receptor antagonist in treating a subject afflicted with pain. 
       
     
     
         28 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising an amount of a compound having the structure 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         A is an aryl or heteroaryl, with or without substitution; 
         R 1  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 3  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R 7  are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O) (alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkylaryl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); and 
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 1  is N, then R 4  is absent, and when Y 1  is C, then R 4  is present; when Y 2  is N, then R 5  is absent, and when Y 2  is C, then R 5  is present; when Y 3  is N, then R 6  is absent, and when Y 3  is C, then R 6  is present; when Y 1  is N, then R, is absent, and when Y 4  is C, then R, is present, 
 
         or a salt or ester thereof, and an amount of a NMDA receptor antagonist, an NMDA receptor partial agonist, a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, a neurokinin 2 receptor antagonist or a neurokinin 3 receptor antagonist for use in treating a subject afflicted with a depressive disorder or a mood disorder. 
       
     
     
         29 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising an amount of a compound having the structure 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         A is an aryl or heteroaryl, with or without substitution; 
         R 1  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 2  is -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(alkyl)-OH, -(alkyl)-CO 2 H, -(alkyl)-CO 2 -(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH(alkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—NH-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-C(O)—N(hydroxyalkyl) 2 , -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-S-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-CF 3 , -(alkyl)-O-(hydroxyalkyl), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl)-O-(alkyl), -(alkyl)-(CH)—(O-(alkyl)) 2 , -(alkyl)-(heterocyclyl), -(alkyl)-OAc, -(alkyl)-tetrahydrofuran, -(alkyl)-pyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine, -(alkyl)-(1,3-dioxane) or -(alkyl)-(4,5-dihydrooxazole); 
         R 3  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R 7  are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkylaryl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); and 
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 1  is N, then R 4  is absent, and when Y 1  is C, then R 4  is present; when Y 2  is N, then R 5  is absent, and when Y 2  is C, then R 5  is present; when Y 3  is N, then R 6  is absent, and when Y 3  is C, then R 6  is present; when Y 4  is N, then R 7  is absent, and when Y 4  is C, then R 7  is present, 
 
         or a salt or ester thereof, and an amount of a NMDA receptor antagonist, an NMDA receptor partial agonist, a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, a neurokinin 2 receptor antagonist or a neurokinin 3 receptor antagonist for use in treating a subject afflicted with pain. 
       
     
     
         30 . The method of any one of  claims 22 - 25 , the compound of any one of  claims 26 - 27  or the pharmaceutical composition of any one of  claims 28 - 29 , wherein the compound has the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         31 . The method of any one of  claims 22 - 25 , the compound of any one of  claims 26 - 27  or the pharmaceutical composition of any one of  claims 28 - 29 , wherein the compound has the structure:
 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
 
     
     
         32 . The method of any one of  claims 22 - 25 , the compound of any one of  claims 26 - 27  or the pharmaceutical composition of any one of  claims 28 - 29 , wherein the compound has the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         33 . The method of any one of  claims 22 - 25 , the compound of any one of  claims 26 - 27  or the pharmaceutical composition of any one of  claims 28 - 29 , wherein the compound has the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         34 . The method of any one of  claims 22 - 25 , the compound of any one of  claims 26 - 27  or the pharmaceutical composition of any one of  claims 28 - 29 , wherein the compound has the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         35 . A compound having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         α is a bond, which may be present or absent; 
         X is O, OH, OTf, Cl, or Br,
 wherein when a is present, then X is O, and when α is absent, 
 then X is OH, OTf, Cl, or Br; 
 
         A is an aryl or heteroaryl, with or without substitution; 
         R 1  is —H or -(alkyl); 
         R 4 , R 5 , R 6  and R 7  are each absent or present, and when present, are each independently —H, —Cl, —Br, —F, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), —NH 2 , —NH-(alkyl), —NH-(alkenyl), —NH-(alkynyl)-NH-(aryl), —NH-(heteroaryl), —OH, —OAc, —O—C(O)(alkyl), —O-(alkyl), —O-(alkenyl), —O-(alkynyl), —O-(aryl), —O-(heteroaryl), —S-(alkyl), —S-(alkenyl), —S-(alkynyl), —S-(aryl), —S-(heteroaryl), —S(O)-(alkyl), —S(O)-(aryl), —S(O)-(heteroaryl), —SO 2 -(alkyl), —SO 2 -(aryl), or —SO 2 -(heteroaryl); and 
         Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are each independently N or C,
 wherein when Y 1  is N, then R 4  is absent, and when Y 1  is C, then R 4  is present; when Y 2  is N, then R 5  is absent, and when Y 2  is C, then R 5  is present; when Y 3  is N, then R 6  is absent, and when Y 3  is C, then R 6  is present; when Y 4  is N, then R, is absent, and when Y 4  is C, then R, is present, 
 
       
       or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

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