Oscillating welding method

Abstract

A method is provided for welding a substrate, in which an energy source and/or a material feed is or are moved in an oscillating motion over the surface of the substrate. The oscillating movement in a vertical and/or horizontal direction during welding results in smaller grains, which prevent the formation of fractures during welding.

1 . A method for welding a substrate, comprising the following step:
 providing an energy source and a material feed;   moving at least one of the energy source and the material feed horizontally in an oscillating motion with respect to a surface of the substrate, wherein the oscillating motion is done in one of a perpendicular and oblique direction with respect to a direction of motion of at least one of the energy source and the material feed such that a weld will overlap a previous weld and such that grain growth is interrupted during the solidification of the melt; and   emitting energy and material with respect to the surface of a substrate, during the oscillating, thereby producing the weld on the surface of the substrate.   
     
     
         2 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which remelt welding takes place. 
     
     
         3 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which deposition welding takes place. 
     
     
         4 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which the energy source is moved in an oscillating motion at least once in a triangular shape with respect to the surface. 
     
     
         5 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which the energy source and the material feed are moved in an oscillating motion at least once at least partially in a triangular shape with respect to the surface. 
     
     
         6 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which the energy source and the material feed are moved in an oscillating motion at least once in a triangular shape with respect to the surface. 
     
     
         7 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which laser radiation is used as the energy source. 
     
     
         8 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which powder is fed via the material feed. 
     
     
         9 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which nickel-based or cobalt-based superalloys are used as the substrate. 
     
     
         10 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which use is made of a welding nozzle, which has the material feed wherein the material feed is a powder feed, and generation and supply of the energy wherein the energy is laser radiation. 
     
     
         11 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which the oscillating deflection is up to 2 mm. 
     
     
         12 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which the welded area is ≥4 mm in at least one orientation. 
     
     
         13 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which the energy source and/or material feed are moved repeatedly perpendicularly, with respect to the direction of movement. 
     
     
         14 . The method as claimed in  claim 1 , in which the oscillating motion is effected only two-dimensionally.