Alkylphenol detergents

Abstract

The disclosed technology provides alkylphenol-containing detergent having at least one unit (a) of an alkyl-substituted phenol wherein the alkyl group is derived from oligomers of an olefin compound containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein the polyolefin-derived alkyl group comprises at least 30 mol percent of an olefin with 4 or more carbon atoms. The invention further relates to a method of lubricating a mechanical device with the lubricant composition.

What is claimed: 
     
         1 . An alkylphenol-containing detergent comprising at least one unit (a) of an alkyl-substituted phenol wherein the alkyl group is derived from oligomers of an olefin compound containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein the polyolefin-derived alkyl group comprises at least 30 mol percent of an olefin with 4 or more carbon atoms. 
     
     
         2 . An alkylphenol-containing detergent of  claim 1 , where the phenol-containing detergent is a sulfur-bridged phenate detergent, a sulfur-free alkylene-bridged phenate detergent, a salicylate detergent, or mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         3 . An alkylphenol-containing detergent of  claim 2 , where the detergent comprises one or more alkali metals, one or more alkaline earth metals, or mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         4 . An alkylphenol-containing detergent of  claim 3 , where the detergent is overbased. 
     
     
         5 . An alkylphenol-containing detergent of  claim 4 , where the overbased detergent has a metal ratio of at least 1.5, at least 5, or at least 7. 
     
     
         6 . An alkylphenol-containing detergent of  claim 1 , where the alkyl group comprises oligomers of n-butene, where the alkyl group is a hydrocarbyl group of 12 to 48 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         7 . An alkylphenol-containing detergent of  claim 1 , wherein the detergent is an overbased sulfur-coupled phenate detergent with a metal ratio of at least 1.5. 
     
     
         8 . An alkylphenol-containing detergent of  claim 1 , wherein the alkylphenol is a sulfur-bridged phenate represented by the structure 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein each R is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl group derived from oligomers of n-butene, higher alphaolefins, or mixtures thereof, that contains 8 to 48 carbon atoms; and n=0 to 8, or 1 to 6, or 1 to 4, or 2 to 4. 
     
     
         9 . An alkylphenol-containing detergent of  claim 1 , wherein the detergent is a neutral or overbased salt of alkylsalicylic acid. 
     
     
         10 . An alkylphenol-containing detergent of  claim 1 , wherein the alkylphenol is an alkylsalicylate represented by the structure 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl group derived from oligomers of n-butene, higher alphaolefins, or mixtures thereof, and wherein the hydrocarbyl group contains 8 to 48 carbon atoms 
     
     
         11 . A lubricating composition comprising (a) an oil of lubricating viscosity and (b) A phenol-containing detergent comprising at least one unit (a) of an alkyl-substituted phenol wherein the alkyl group is derived from oligomers of an olefin compound containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein the polyolefin-derived alkyl group comprises at least 30 mol percent of an olefin with 4 or more carbon atoms. 
     
     
         12 . A lubricating composition of  claim 11 , wherein the composition is substantially free of an alkylphenol-containing detergent wherein the alkylphenol is derived from oligomers of propene. 
     
     
         13 . The lubricating composition of  claim 11 , further comprising additional additives selected from an overbased detergent different from alkylphenol-containing detergent of any preceding  claims 1  to  11 , an ashless dispersant, a phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent, an antioxidant, a corrosion inhibitor, a viscosity index improver, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         14 . The lubricating composition of  claim 13 , further comprising 0.01 to 3 weight percent of a calcium overbased alkylbenzene sulfonate detergent. 
     
     
         15 . The lubricating composition of  claim 13 , further comprising 0.01 to 0.15 weight percent of a phosphorus containing anti-wear agent. 
     
     
         16 . A method of lubricating an internal combustion engine comprising supplying to the engine a lubricating composition comprising (a) an oil of lubricating viscosity and (b) A phenol-containing detergent comprising at least one unit (a) of an alkyl-substituted phenol wherein the alkyl group is derived from oligomers of an olefin compound containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein the polyolefin-derived alkyl group comprises at least 30 mol percent of an olefin with 4 or more carbon atoms. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the lubricating composition further comprises a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the lubricating composition further comprises polyisobutylene succinimide dispersant. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the lubricating composition further comprises a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, and (d) a polyisobutylene succinimide dispersant. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the internal combustion engine is a heavy duty diesel compression ignited internal combustion engine or a spark assisted compression ignited internal combustion engine.