Dual-functional nonfouling surfaces comprising target binding partner covalently coupled to polymer attached to substrate

Abstract

Dual-functional nonfouling surfaces and materials, methods for making dual-functional nonfouling surfaces and materials, and devices that include dual-functional nonfouling surfaces and materials. The dual-functional surfaces are nonfouling surfaces that resist non-specific protein adsorption and cell adhesion. The dual-functional surfaces and materials include covalently coupled biomolecules (e.g., target binding partners) that impart specific biological activity thereto. The surfaces and materials are useful in medical diagnostics, biomaterials and bioprocessing, tissue engineering, and drug delivery.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows: 
     
         1 . A crosslinked polymer having a plurality of target binding partners covalently coupled thereto, wherein the crosslinked polymer comprises a plurality of carboxylic acid groups and a plurality of positive charged groups, wherein the crosslinked polymer is substantially electronically neutral, and wherein the target binding partner has affinity toward a target molecule. 
     
     
         2 . The crosslinked polymer of  claim 1 , wherein the crosslinked polymer is a crosslinked poly(carboxybetaine). 
     
     
         3 . The crosslinked polymer of  claim 2 , wherein the crosslinked poly(carboxybetaine) is prepared from one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of carboxybetaine acrylates, carboxybetaine acrylamides, carboxybetaine vinyl compounds, carboxybetaine epoxides, and mixture thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The crosslinked polymer of  claim 2 , wherein the target binding partner is selected from the group consisting of enzymes, antibodies, antigens, receptors, and ligands. 
     
     
         5 . The crosslinked polymer of  claim 2 , wherein the crosslinked polymer is a hydrogel.