Tunable surface

Abstract

An article can have a surface with selected wetting properties for various liquids.

1 - 42 . (canceled) 
     
     
         43 . A method of manufacturing a fabric having tunable wettability, the method comprising:
 selecting fluorinated nanoparticles to create a superhydrophobic, a superhydrophobic, a superoleophilic, or a superoleophobic surface;   coating a polymer with the fluorinated nanoparticles;   forming fibers from the mixed polymer and fluorinated nanoparticles, the fluorinated nanoparticles forming microstructures on the fibers configured to influence contact angle hysteresis;   assembling a plurality of the formed fibers into a fabric.   
     
     
         44 . The method of  claim 43 , wherein selecting the fluorinated nanoparticles further comprises:
 selecting a concentration of the fluorinated nanoparticles, wherein the concentration determines whether the fabric is superhydrophilic and superoleophobic surface or superhydrophobic and superoleophilic surface.   
     
     
         45 . The method of  claim 44 , wherein the concentration is less than 0.1 mass fraction nanoparticles. 
     
     
         46 . The method of  claim 44 , wherein the concentration is greater than 0.1 mass fraction nanoparticles. 
     
     
         47 . The method of  claim 44 , wherein the concentration is greater than 0.15 mass fraction nanoparticles. 
     
     
         48 . The method of  claim 44 , wherein the concentration is greater than 0.2 mass fraction nanoparticles. 
     
     
         49 . The method of  claim 44 , wherein the concentration is greater than 0.25 mass fraction nanoparticles. 
     
     
         50 . The method of  claim 43 , wherein the fluorinated nanoparticles include a fluorinated silsesquioxane. 
     
     
         51 . The method of  claim 43 , wherein forming the fiber includes electrospinning. 
     
     
         52 . The method of  claim 43 , wherein coating the polymer with the fluorinated nanoparticles includes chemical vapor deposition, dip coating, or chemical solution deposition. 
     
     
         53 . A method of modifying the wetting properties of a surface, the method comprising:
 exposing the surface to a mixture comprising a plurality of fluorinated nanoparticles and an organic solvent, the fluorinated nanoparticles of the plurality configured to form microstructures on the surface the influence contact angle hysteresis.   
     
     
         54 . The method of  claim 53 , wherein exposing the surface to a liquid composition includes chemical vapor deposition, dip coating, or chemical solution deposition. 
     
     
         55 . The method of  claim 53 , wherein the fluorinated nanoparticles include a fluorinated silsesquioxane. 
     
     
         56 . The method of  claim 53 , wherein a concentration of the plurality of fluorinated nanoparticles in the mixture is less than 0.1 mass fraction nanoparticles. 
     
     
         57 . The method of  claim 53 , wherein a concentration of the plurality of fluorinated nanoparticles in the mixture is greater than 0.1 mass fraction nanoparticles. 
     
     
         58 . The method of  claim 53 , wherein a concentration of the plurality of fluorinated nanoparticles in the mixture is greater than 0.15 mass fraction nanoparticles. 
     
     
         59 . The method of  claim 53 , wherein a concentration of the plurality of fluorinated nanoparticles in the mixture is greater than 0.2 mass fraction nanoparticles. 
     
     
         60 . The method of  claim 53 , wherein a concentration of the plurality of fluorinated nanoparticles in the mixture is greater than 0.25 mass fraction nanoparticles. 
     
     
         61 . The method of  claim 53 , wherein the surface includes a surface of a fabric. 
     
     
         62 . The method of  claim 61 , further comprising:
 stretching the fabric.