Apparatus and methods to harvest bone and bone marrow

Abstract

An apparatus and method for harvesting bone and bone marrow are provided. The apparatus may include a driver operable to be releasably engaged with an intraosseous device. The intraosseous device may include a cannula having a first end operable to penetrate bone and bone marrow and to allow retrieval of portions of bone and/or bone marrow. The cannula may have a second end operable to be releasably engaged with bone marrow sampling equipment. The apparatus may include a removable trocar. The removable trocar may have an inner channel operable to convey portions of bone and/or bone marrow. The removable trocar may have an inner channel and a side port communicating with the inner channel. The removable trocar may have a first end operable to penetrate bone and bone marrow.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . An apparatus comprising:
 a first intraosseous device having a first end and a second end, the first end operable to penetrate a bone and associated bone marrow;   a first longitudinal bore extending from the first end of the first intraosseous device to the second end of the first intraosseous device; and   a first sampling port operable to provide access to a first target area, the first sampling port extending laterally from the first longitudinal bore to an exterior of the first intraosseous device.   
     
     
         2 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising a second intraosseous device operable to be slidably disposed in the first longitudinal bore of the first intraosseous device. 
     
     
         3 . The apparatus of  claim 2 , wherein the second intraosseous device includes a first end operable to penetrate the bone and associated bone marrow. 
     
     
         4 . The apparatus of  claim 3 , wherein the second intraosseous device includes a side port operable to be aligned with the first sampling port of the first intraosseous device. 
     
     
         5 . The apparatus of  claim 4 , wherein the second end of the first intraosseous device is operable to accommodate harvesting of bone marrow. 
     
     
         6 . The apparatus of  claim 5 , wherein the second intraosseous device includes a second end configured to be attached to aspiration equipment. 
     
     
         7 . The apparatus of  claim 6 , wherein the second intraosseous device includes a second longitudinal bore extending from the first end of the second intraosseous device to the second end of the second intraosseous device. 
     
     
         8 . The apparatus of  claim 2 , wherein the first end of the first intraosseous device includes an opening operable to allow fluid communication therethrough. 
     
     
         9 . The apparatus of  claim 8 , wherein the first end of the second intraosseous device is operable to extend through the opening in the first end of the second intraosseotas device. 
     
     
         10 . The apparatus of  claim 2 , further comprising a second sampling port extending laterally from the first longitudinal bore to an exterior of the first intraosseous device, the first and second sampling ports operable to provide access to separate target areas. 
     
     
         11 . The apparatus of  claim 10 , wherein the second intraosseous device includes a side port, the side port operable to be aligned with the first sampling port of the first intraosseous device to remove a first sample from a first target area adjacent the first sampling port, and the side port further operable to be aligned with the second sampling port of the first intraosseous device to remove a second sample from a second target area adjacent the second sampling port. 
     
     
         12 . An intraosseous device comprising:
 an outer penetrator having a first end operable to penetrate a bone and associated bone marrow;   the outer penetrator having a second end operable to accommodate harvesting of a sample;   the outer penetrator having a longitudinal bore extending from the first end to the second end; and   the outer penetrator having a sampling port disposed therein.   
     
     
         13 . The intraosseous device of  claim 12 , further comprising:
 a removable inner penetrator operable to be slidably disposed in the longitudinal bore of the outer penetrator.   
     
     
         14 . The intraosseous device of  claim 13 , wherein the removable inner penetrator includes a side port operable to be aligned with the sampling port disposed in the outer penetrator to harvest adjacent portions of the sample. 
     
     
         15 . The intraosseous device of  claim 14 , wherein the removable inner penetrator includes a second end operable to be attached to aspiration equipment. 
     
     
         16 . The intraosseous device of  claim 15 , wherein the second end of the removable inner penetrator comprises a Luer lock connector. 
     
     
         17 . The intraosseous device of  claim 14 , wherein the outer penetrator further comprises a second sampling port extending laterally from the longitudinal bore to an exterior of the outer penetrator. 
     
     
         18 . The intraosseous device of  claim 17 , wherein the side port of the inner penetrator is operable to be aligned with each sampling port of the outer penetrator to remove separate samples from target areas adjacent the respective sampling ports of the outer penetrator. 
     
     
         19 . The intraosseous device of  claim 12 , wherein the outer penetrator further comprises a thread disposed within the longitudinal bore, the thread operable to secure the sample within the longitudinal bore. 
     
     
         20 . A method comprising:
 providing an intraosseous device having a first end, a second end, a longitudinal bore extending from the first end to the second end, and a sampling port in communication with the longitudinal bore;   penetrating a bone and associated bone marrow with the intraosseous device to provide access to a target area; and   communicating, via the sampling port, a fluid and/or a sample between the target area and the longitudinal bore.