Active anti-ice coating, coating material and method

Abstract

The disclosure herein provides an active anti-ice coating, which is capable of releasing an anti-ice agent, which includes anti-ice agent reservoirs, which are embedded in a UV curable matrix material, for providing an effective anti-ice coating with an active anti-ice agent release over a long period of time.

1 - 14 . (canceled) 
     
     
         15 . An active anti-ice coating for releasing an anti-ice agent comprising an anti-ice liquid, wherein the anti-ice coating comprises a plurality of anti-ice agent reservoirs, wherein each of the plurality of anti-ice agent reservoirs are embedded in a solid photopolymerized matrix material, further wherein each of the anti-ice agent reservoirs comprises the anti-ice liquid, and wherein the anti-ice liquid is immiscible in a liquid photopolymerizable matrix material polymerized to provide the solid photopolymerized matrix material. 
     
     
         16 . The active anti-ice coating according to  claim 15 , wherein the anti-ice coating comprises 3 to 20% by weight or 5 to 20% by weight of the anti-ice liquid. 
     
     
         17 . The active anti-ice coating according to  claim 15 , wherein the photopolymerizable matrix material photopolymerized to provide the solid photopolymerized matrix material comprises:
 60-80% by weight polyurethane diacrylates; and   20-40% by weight monomers;   further comprising, based on a total mass of polyurethane diacrylates and monomers:   0.5-5% by weight photoinitiators, and   0-2% by weight additives.   
     
     
         18 . The active anti-ice coating according to  claim 15 , wherein the anti-ice liquid is ethylene glycol. 
     
     
         19 . An active anti-ice coating for releasing an anti-ice agent comprising an anti-ice liquid, wherein the anti-ice coating comprises a plurality of anti-ice agent reservoirs, wherein each of the plurality of anti-ice agent reservoirs are embedded in a solid, hydrophobic photopolymerized matrix material, further wherein each of the anti-ice agent reservoirs comprises the anti-ice liquid and wherein the anti-ice liquid is hydrophilic. 
     
     
         20 . The active anti-ice coating according to  claim 19 , wherein the anti-ice liquid is ethylene glycol. 
     
     
         21 . The active anti-ice coating according to  claim 19 , wherein the solid, hydrophobic photopolymerized matrix material is a reaction product of a hydrophobic liquid photopolymerizable matrix material. 
     
     
         22 . The active anti-ice coating according to  claim 21 , wherein the hydrophobic, liquid photopolymerizable matrix material comprises:
 60-80% by weight polyurethane diacrylates; and   20-40% by weight monomers;   further comprising, based on a total mass of polyurethane diacrylates and monomers:   0.5-5% by weight photoinitiators, and   0-2% by weight additives.   
     
     
         23 . An active anti-ice coating for releasing an anti-ice agent comprising an anti-ice liquid, wherein the anti-ice liquid has a freezing point lower property, and wherein the anti-ice coating comprises a plurality of anti-ice agent reservoirs embedded in a solid photopolymerized matrix material, wherein the solid photopolymerized matrix material is a reaction product of polyurethane diacrylates, monomers, and photoinitiators, and further wherein each of the anti-ice agent reservoirs comprises the anti-ice liquid. 
     
     
         24 . The active anti-ice coating according to  claim 23 , wherein the solid photopolymerized matrix material is the reaction product of a mixture comprising:
 60-80% by weight polyurethane diacrylates; and   20-40% by weight monomers;   further comprising, based on a total mass of polyurethane diacrylates and monomers:   0.5-5% by weight photoinitiators, and   0-2% by weight of additives.   
     
     
         25 . The active anti-ice coating according to  claim 23 , comprising 3 to 20% by weight or 5 to 20% by weight of the anti-ice liquid. 
     
     
         26 . A method for producing an anti-ice coating material for forming an anti-ice coating, the method comprising:
 (a) providing a liquid photopolymerizable matrix material;   (b) providing an anti-ice agent, wherein the anti-ice agent comprises an anti-ice liquid; and   (c) introducing the anti-ice agent into the liquid photopolymerizable matrix material to form a non-aqueous emulsion comprising a first phase comprising the liquid photopolymerizable matrix material and a second phase comprising the anti-ice liquid.   
     
     
         27 . The method according to  claim 26 , where providing a liquid photopolymerizable matrix material comprises at least one or more of:
 (a1) providing the matrix material such that the matrix material constitutes 80-97% by weight of the anti-ice coating; and/or   (a2) providing a matrix material containing:   60-80% by weight of polyurethane diacrylate; and   20-40% by weight of monomers;   further containing, based on a total weight of polyurethane diacrylate and monomers,   0.5-5% by weight photoinitiators, and   0-2% by weight additives.   
     
     
         28 . The method according to  claim 26 , wherein the anti-ice liquid is ethylene glycol. 
     
     
         29 . The method according to  claim 26 , wherein the non-aqueous emulsion is stabilized with a copolymer. 
     
     
         30 . A method for producing an anti-ice coating, the method comprising:
 (a) providing a liquid photopolymerizable matrix material;   (b) providing an anti-ice agent, wherein the anti-ice agent comprises an anti-ice liquid;   (c) introducing the anti-ice agent into the liquid photopolymerizable matrix material to form an anti-ice coating material comprising a non-aqueous emulsion, wherein said non-aqueous emulsion comprises a first phase comprising the liquid photopolymerizable matrix material and a second phase comprising the anti-ice liquid; and   (d) applying the anti-ice coating material to a surface area and photopolymerizing the anti-ice coating material; thereby producing an anti-ice coating.   
     
     
         31 . The method according to  claim 30 , wherein the surface area is a surface area of a vehicle, an aircraft, a rotor, or a wind energy plant. 
     
     
         32 . A vehicle, aircraft, rotor or wind energy plant comprising a surface area which is at least partly provided with an anti-ice coating according to  claim 15 . 
     
     
         33 . A vehicle, aircraft, rotor or wind energy plant comprising a surface area which is at least partly provided with an anti-ice coating according to  claim 19 . 
     
     
         34 . A vehicle, aircraft, rotor or wind energy plant comprising a surface area which is at least partly provided with an anti-ice coating according to  claim 23 .