Coating installation and corresponding coating method

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a painting installation for painting components with a paint, in particular for painting motor vehicle body components, with a paint booth and an application device, in particular a print head, arranged in the paint booth, for applying the paint to the component located inside the paint booth, the application device operating essentially without overspray, so that the paint applied by the application device essentially completely on the component to be coated without overspray deposits. The disclosure provides that no paint separation is arranged below the first paint booth.

1 .- 18 . (canceled) 
     
     
         19 . Painting installation for painting components with a paint, with
 a) at least one first paint booth,   b) an application device arranged in the first paint booth for applying the paint to the component located inside the paint booth, the application device operating essentially without overspray, so that the paint applied by the application device deposits essentially completely on the component to be coated without overspray,   c) wherein no paint separation is arranged below the first paint booth.   
     
     
         20 . Painting installation according to  claim 19 , wherein
 a) the painting installation additionally has at least one second paint booth with at least one overspray-generating atomizer as application device,   b) the first paint booth with the overspray-free application device is preferably designed for coating outer surfaces of the components to be coated,   c) the second paint booth with the overspray-generating atomizer is designed for coating inner surfaces of the components to be coated.   
     
     
         21 . Painting installation according to  claim 20 , wherein the first paint booth is arranged laterally next to the second paint booth. 
     
     
         22 . Painting installation according to  claim 19 , wherein
 a) the painting installation has a floor foundation at floor level, the paint booth without the paint separation being arranged essentially at the floor level, and   b) the first paint booth is arranged directly on the floor foundation, without a floor construction which raises the paint booth above the floor height, and   c) the painting installation has a conveyor which conveys the components to be painted along a conveying path through the first paint booth, the conveyor being arranged at floor level, and   d) the conveyor extends at floor level over the entire length of the painting installation.   
     
     
         23 . Painting installation according to  claim 19 , further comprising
 a) a floor structure with a lower mounting level and an upper mounting level,   b) a painting line running on the upper mounting level of the floor structure,   c) a discharge for discharging the components to be painted from the raised painting line at the upper mounting level into the first paint booth at the floor level, and   d) an infeed for infeeding the components to be painted from the first paint booth at the floor level into the raised painting line on the upper mounting level.   
     
     
         24 . Painting installation according to  claim 19 , wherein
 a) the painting installation has a painting line with a plurality of successive painting stations,   b) the components to be painted are conveyed by a conveyor along the painting line through the painting stations and are coated in the painting stations.   
     
     
         25 . Painting installation according to  claim 24 , wherein
 a) the first paint booth without a paint separation is arranged outside the painting line,   b) the components to be painted are discharged from the painting line by discharge means into the first paint booth without the paint separation means, and   c) the components to be painted are introduced from the first paint booth without a paint separation into the painting line.   
     
     
         26 . Painting installation according to  claim 24 , wherein the first paint booth without a paint separation is arranged in the painting line. 
     
     
         27 . Painting installation according to  claim 19 , wherein
 a) external surfaces of the components to be painted are painted with the overspray-free application device,   b) inner surfaces of the components to be painted are painted with an atomizer which applies a spray mist of the paint, and   c) wraps around component edges of the components to be painted are painted with an atomizer which applies a spray mist of the paint.   
     
     
         28 . Painting installation according to  claim 27 , wherein
 a) inner surfaces of the components to be painted are painted in an interior paint booth,   b) outer surfaces of the components to be painted are painted in an exterior paint booth, and   c) the wraps around the component edges of the components to be painted are painted in the interior paint booth or in the exterior paint booth.   
     
     
         29 . Painting installation according to  claim 19 , wherein
 a) the painting line has a specific first cycle time with which the components to be painted are coated, and   b) the first paint booth without the separation has a specific second cycle time with which the components to be painted are coated, and   
     
     
         30 . Painting installation according to  claim 29 , wherein the second cycle time is at least 10% greater than the first cycle time. 
     
     
         31 . Painting installation according to  claim 29 , wherein the second cycle time is equal to the first cycle time. 
     
     
         32 . Painting installation according to  claim 19 , wherein
 a) in the first paint booth without the paint separation only rare special paintwork is painted, whereas frequent standard paintwork is painted in the painting line, and   b) at least one of primer, adhesion promoter and seam sealings is applied in the first paint booth without the paint separation.   
     
     
         33 . Painting installation according to  claim 19 , further comprising the following stations which are arranged one behind the other along a painting line so that the components to be painted are conveyed successively through the stations:
 a) a first filler station for the application of a filler layer in the interior of the component and at the wrap-around around component edges, wherein the application in the first filler station is effected by means of an atomizer which delivers a spray jet of the filler,   b) a second filler station for applying a filler layer to the outer surface of the component, the application in the second filler station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator,   c) a first drying station for drying the filler layer on the component,   d) a first base coat station for applying a first base coat layer to the inner surface of the component to be painted and at the wrap-around around component edges, the application in the first base coat station being effected by means of an atomizer which emits a spray jet,   e) a second base coat station for applying the first base coat layer to the outer surface of the component to be coated, the application in the second base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator,   f) a third base coat station for applying a second base coat layer to the outer surface of the component to be coated, the application in the third base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator or by means of an atomizer,   g) a second drying station for intermediate drying of the first base coat layer and the second base coat layer,   h) a first clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer in the interior of the component and at the wrap-around around component edges, the application in the first clear coat station being effected by means of an atomizer which delivers a spray jet of the clear coat,   i) a second clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer to the outer surface of the component to be coated, the application in the second clear coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator, and   j) a third drying station for drying the clear coat.   
     
     
         34 . Painting installation according to  claim 19 ,
 further comprising the following stations which are arranged one behind the other along a painting line so that the components to be painted are conveyed successively through the stations:   a) optionally a pre-coat station for applying a pre-coat layer to the component, the application in the second base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator,   b) a first drying station for drying or evaporating the component,   c) a first base coat station for applying a first base coat layer to the inner surface of the component to be coated and at the wrap-around around component edges, the application in the first base coat station being effected by means of an atomizer which emits a spray jet,   d) a second base coat station for applying the first base coat layer to the outer surface of the component to be coated, the application in the second base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator,   e) a third base coat station for applying a second base coat layer to the outer surface of the component to be coated, the application in the third base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator or by means of an atomizer,   f) a second drying station for intermediate drying of the first base coat layer and the second base coat layer,   g) a first clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer in the interior of the component and at the wrap-around around component edges, the application in the first clear coat station being effected by means of an atomizer which delivers a spray jet of the clear coat,   h) a second clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer to the outer surface of the component to be coated, the application in the second clear coat station taking place by means of an overspray-free applicator, and   i) a third drying station for drying the clear coat.   
     
     
         35 . Painting installation according to  claim 19 ,
 further comprising the following stations which are arranged one behind the other along a painting line so that the components to be painted are conveyed successively through the stations:   a) a first filler station for the application of a filler layer in the interior of the component and at the wrap-around around component edges, wherein the application in the first filler station is effected by means of an atomizer which delivers a spray jet of the filler,   b) a second filler station for applying a filler layer to the outer surface of the component, the application in the second filler station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator,   c) a first base coat station for applying a first base coat layer to the inner surface of the component to be coated and at the wrap-around around component edges, the application in the first base coat station being effected by means of an atomizer which emits a spray jet,   d) a second base coat station for applying the first base coat layer to the outer surface of the component to be coated, the application in the second base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator,   e) a third base coat station for applying a second base coat layer to the outer surface of the component to be coated, the application in the third base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator or by means of an atomizer,   f) optionally a first drying station for intermediate drying of the first base coat layer and the second base coat layer,   g) a first clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer in the interior of the component and at the wrap-around around component edges, the application in the first clear coat station being effected by means of an atomizer which delivers a spray jet of the clear coat,   h) a second clear coatstation for applying a clear coat layer to the outer surface of the component to be coated, the application in the second clear coatstation being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator, and   i) a second drying station for drying the clear coat layer.   
     
     
         36 . Painting installation according to  claim 19 , further comprising a primerless painting process without a primer with the following process steps in the following order:
 a) Application of a first base coat layer instead of the filler,   b) Optional application of a second base coat layer as top coat and optional metallic effect,   c) Optional application of a metallic paint layer,   d) application of a clear coat layer.   
     
     
         37 . Painting installation conforming to  claim 19 , further comprising a primerless painting process without a primer with the following process steps in the following order:
 a) Application of a precoat with a filler function,   b) Application of a first base coat layer as top coat,   c) Application of a second base coat layer as top coat,   d) application of a layer of clear coat layer.   
     
     
         38 . Painting installation according to  claim 19 , further comprising the following process steps:
 a) application of a paint having at least one base coat layer and optionally a clear coat layer to the component to be painted by means of an atomizer which applies a spray mist of the paint, and   b) applying a decoration to the component to be painted by an overspray-free application device, and   c) optional application of a clear coat layer.