Co-culture bioreactor system

Abstract

Disclosed herein are bioreactor systems and methods of utilizing said systems.

1 - 23 . (canceled) 
     
     
         24 . A bioreactor system, comprising:
 a. at least one first cell module defining a first cell culture chamber, an inlet, an outlet, and a port opening, wherein the port opening is on one end of the cell culture chamber;   b. at least one second cell module defining a second cell culture chamber, an inlet, an outlet, and a port opening, wherein the port opening is on one end of the cell culture chamber; and   c. a membrane positioned between the open port of said first cell module and the open port of said second cell module, wherein the membrane is formed of a material which discourages cellular attachment;   wherein the first cell module and second cell module are sealingly engaged securing the membrane between the first and second module.   
     
     
         25 . The bioreactor system of  claim 24 , wherein the bioreactor system is a co-culture bioreactor system. 
     
     
         26 . The bioreactor system of  claim 24 , further comprising a retaining mesh, wherein the retaining mesh forms an integral part of the inlet and outlet. 
     
     
         27 . The bioreactor system of  claim 24 , wherein the cell module comprises an optically transmissible material. 
     
     
         28 . The bioreactor system of  claim 24 , wherein the first cell module and the second cell module are identical. 
     
     
         29 . The bioreactor system of  claim 24 , wherein the first cell module and second cell module comprise identical cell chambers, inlets, and outlets, but the first cell module comprises male fittings and the second cell module comprises complementary female fittings. 
     
     
         30 . The bioreactor system of  claim 24 , further comprising at least one third cell module, wherein the third cell module comprises a cell chamber open at both ends, wherein the cell chamber of the third cell module is closed by sealingly engaging the first and second cell modules on opposite faces of the third cell module. 
     
     
         31 . The bioreactor system of  claim 24 , wherein each cell module comprises a monolithic construction. 
     
     
         32 . The bioreactor system of  claim 24 , wherein the coupling of the cell modules forms a fluid-proof seal with the membrane. 
     
     
         33 . The bioreactor system of  claim 24 , wherein the first and/or second cell culture chamber comprises a biomaterial scaffold. 
     
     
         34 . A method of maturing three-dimensional one or more tissues for in vivo implantation comprising culturing said tissue or cells in the bioreactor system of  claim 24 . 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein the one or more tissues is preferentially stimulated by another cell population through soluble factor exchange across a membrane. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein the one or more tissues is at least two tissues. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 36 , wherein the two or more tissues are connected through soluble factor exchange across a membrane. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 36 , wherein the two or more tissues are independently matured with no soluble factor exchange across a membrane. 
     
     
         39 . A method of pharmacokinetic screening, comprising:
 a. culturing one or more cells in the cell culture chamber of a first cell module in the bioreactor system of  claim 24 ;   b. passing an agent through the inlet and outlet of the first cell module;   c. detecting the presence of an increase, decrease, or no change in the rate or amount of a pharmacokinetic effect on the one or more cells in the first cell culture chamber, wherein an increase, decrease, or no change in the pharmacokinetic effect relative to a control provides information on the pharmaceutical properties of the agent.   
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 39 , wherein the one or more cells are obtained from the biopsy of a subject. 
     
     
         41 . A method of screening for an agent that modulates cell migration/invasion, comprising:
 a. culturing one or more cells in the cell culture chamber of a first cell module;   b. passing an agent through the inlet and outlet of a second cell module; wherein the cell culture chamber of the first cell module and the cell culture chamber of the second cell module are separated by a membrane that is formed of a material which discourages cellular attachment; and   c. detecting the presence of an increase, decrease, or no change in the rate or amount of cellular migration across the membrane,   wherein an increase or decrease in cellular migration in the presence of the agent relative to a control indicates an agent that modulates cell migration/invasion.   
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 41 , wherein the one or more cells are obtained from a biopsy of a subject. 
     
     
         43 . The method of  claim 41 , wherein the membrane has a pore size between 0.2 μm and 10 μm. 
     
     
         44 . The method of  claim 41 , wherein the one or more cells of step a are cancer cells; wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of lymphoma; B cell lymphoma; T cell lymphoma; mycosis fungoides; Hodgkin's Disease; myeloid leukemia; bladder cancer; brain cancer; nervous system cancer; head and neck cancer; squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck; kidney cancer; lung cancers such a small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, neuroblastoma/glioblastoma; ovarian cancer; pancreatic cancer; prostate cancer; skin cancer; liver cancer; melanoma; squamous cell carcinomas of the mouth, throat, larynx, and lung; colon cancer; cervical cancer; cervical carcinoma; breast cancer; epithelial cancer; renal cancer; genitourinary cancer; pulmonary cancer; esophageal carcinoma; head and neck carcinoma; large bowel cancer; hematopoietic cancers; testicular cancer; colon and rectal cancers; prostatic cancer; and pancreatic cancer. 
     
     
         45 . The method of  claim 41 , wherein the first and/or second cell culture chamber comprises a biomaterial scaffold. 
     
     
         46 . A method of screening for an agent that inhibits a cancer comprising performing the method of  claim 41 . 
     
     
         47 . A method of pharmacokinetic screening, comprising:
 a. culturing one or more cells of a first cell type in the cell culture chamber of a first cell module;   b. culturing one or more cells of a second cell type in the cell culture chamber of a second cell module;   c. passing an agent through an inlet and outlet of the first cell module; wherein the cell culture chamber of the first cell module and the cell culture chamber of the second cell module are separated by a membrane that is formed of a material which discourages cellular attachment;   d. detecting the presence of an increase, decrease, or no change in the rate or amount of a pharmacokinetic effect on the one or more cells in the second cell culture chamber;   and wherein an increase, decrease, or no change in the pharmacokinetic effect relative to a control provides information on that agent's pharmaceutical properties.   
     
     
         48 . The method of  claim 47 , wherein the one or more cells of the first or second cell type are obtained from a patient biopsy.