Track part and method for producing a track part

Abstract

In a track part, in particular a low-alloy steel rail for rail vehicles, the steel comprises, in the rail head of the track part, a ferrite portion of 5-15 vol %, an austenite portion of 5-20 vol %, a martensite portion of 5-20 vol %, and a portion of carbide-free bainite of 55-75 vol %.

1 . A track part, in particular a low-alloy steel rail for rail vehicles, characterized in that the steel comprises, in the rail head of the track part, a ferrite portion of 5-15 vol %, an austenite portion of 5-20 vol %, a martensite portion of 5-20 vol %, and a portion of carbide-free bainite of 55-75 vol %. 
     
     
         2 . The track part according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the portion of the carbide-free bainite is 60-70 vol %. 
     
     
         3 . The track part according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the ferrite portion is 8-13 vol %. 
     
     
         4 . The track part according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the bainite forms a matrix in which austenite, martensite and ferrite are preferably homogenously distributed. 
     
     
         5 . The track part according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the austenite portion and the martensite portion are at least partially present in island form. 
     
     
         6 . The track part according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the low-alloy steel comprises as alloying components carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, molybdenum and optionally vanadium, phosphorus, sulfur, boron, titanium, aluminum and/or nitrogen, and the balance iron. 
     
     
         7 . The track part according to  claim 6 , characterized in that no alloying component is present in an amount larger than 1.8 wt %. 
     
     
         8 . The track part according to  claim 6 , characterized in that silicon is present in an amount smaller than 1.2 wt %. 
     
     
         9 . The track part according to  claim 6 , characterized in that carbon is present in an amount smaller than 0.6 wt %, preferably smaller than 0.35 wt %. 
     
     
         10 . The track part according to  claim 6 , characterized in that a low-alloy steel having the following reference analysis is used:
 0.2-0.6 wt-% C   0.9-1.2 wt-% Si   1.2-1.8 wt-% Mn   0.15-0.8 wt-% Cr   0.01-0.15 wt-% Mo, and optionally   0-0.25 wt-% V, in particular 0.01-0.25 wt-% V   0-0.016 wt-% P, in particular 0.01-0.016 wt-% P   0-0.016 wt-% S, in particular 0.01-0.016 wt-% S   balance: iron   
     
     
         11 . The track part according to  claim 6 , characterized in that a low-alloy steel having the following reference analysis is used:
 0.28-0.32 wt-% C   0.98-1.03 wt-% Si   1.7-1.8 wt-% Mn   0.28-0.32 wt-% Cr   0.08-0.13 wt-% Mo, and optionally   0-0.25 wt-% V, in particular 0.01-0.25 wt-% V   0-0.016 wt-% P, in particular 0.01-0.016 wt-% P   0-0.016 wt-% S, in particular 0.01-0.016 wt-% S   balance: iron   
     
     
         12 . The track part according to  claim 6 , characterized in that a low-alloy steel having the following reference analysis is used:
 0.44-0.52 wt-% C   1.05-1.17 wt-% Si   1.4-1.7 wt-% Mn   0.36-0.80 wt-% Cr   0.01-0.08 wt-% Mo, and   0-0.25 wt-% V, in particular 0.01-0.25 wt-% V   0-0.016 wt-% P, in particular 0.01-0.016 wt-% P   0-0.016 wt-% S, in particular 0.01-0.016 wt-% S   balance: iron   
     
     
         13 . The track part according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the track part has a tensile strength R m  of 1050-1400 N/mm 2  in the head region. 
     
     
         14 . The track part according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the track part has a hardness of 320-400 HB in the head region. 
     
     
         15 . A method for producing a track part according to  claim 1  from a hot-rolled section, characterized in that the rail head of the rolled section, immediately after having left the rolling stand, is subjected at rolling heat to controlled cooling, said controlled cooling comprising in a first step cooling at ambient air until reaching a first temperature of 780-830° C., in a second step accelerated cooling to a second temperature of 450-520° C., in a third step holding the second temperature, in a fourth step further accelerated cooling until reaching a third temperature of 420-470° C., in a fifth step holding the third temperature, and in a sixth step cooling to room temperature at ambient air. 
     
     
         16 . The method according to  claim 15 , characterized in that said accelerated cooling in the second step is performed at a cooling rate of 2-5° C./s. 
     
     
         17 . The method according to  claim 15 , characterized in that the third step extends over a period of 10-300 s. 
     
     
         18 . The method according to  claim 15 , characterized in that said accelerated cooling in the fourth step is performed at a cooling rate of 2-5° C./s. 
     
     
         19 . The method according to  claim 15 , characterized in that the fifth step extends over a period of 50-600 s, preferably 100-270 s. 
     
     
         20 . The method according to  claim 15 , characterized in that reheating takes place during the third and/or the fifth steps. 
     
     
         21 . The method according to  claim 15 , characterized in that the temperature is detected at a plurality of measuring points distributed over the length of the track part and a mean value of the temperature is formed, which is used for controlling said controlled cooling. 
     
     
         22 . The method according to  claim 15 , characterized in that said controlled cooling is performed by immersing at least the rail head into a liquid coolant. 
     
     
         23 . The method according to  claim 15 , characterized in that cooling during the second or fourth step is controlled such that the coolant initially forms a vapour film on the surface of the rail head and subsequently boils on the surface. 
     
     
         24 . The method according to  claim 23 , characterized in that during the second and/or fourth step a film-breaking, gaseous pressure medium such as nitrogen is supplied to the rail head along the entire length of the track part to break the vapor film along the entire length of the track part and initiate the boiling phase. 
     
     
         25 . The method according to  claim 24 , characterized in that the condition of the coolant is monitored during the second and/or fourth steps along the entire length of the track part and the film-breaking, gaseous pressure medium is supplied to the rail head as soon as the first occurrence of the boiling phase has been detected in a partial region of the track part length. 
     
     
         26 . The method according to  claim 24 , characterized in that the film-breaking, gaseous pressure medium is supplied to the rail head about 20-100 s after the beginning of the second and/or fourth steps. 
     
     
         27 . The method according to  claim 15 , characterized in that the track part is completely immersed into the coolant during the second step. 
     
     
         28 . The method according to  claim 15 , characterized in that the track part is held in a position removed from the coolant during the third and/or fifth steps. 
     
     
         29 . The method according to  claim 15 , characterized in that, during the fourth step, the track part is immersed into the coolant only with the rail head.