Functional composite particles and the preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to functional composite particles and the preparation method thereof. One embodiment of the present invention provides a functional composite particle including an inner core and a shell layer, wherein the inner core is consisted of functional metallic particles and has an outer surface, while the shell layer is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) ceramic layer consisted of biocompatible ceramic materials, and is attached to the outer surface of the inner core. The shell layer is a crystalline structure thereby allowing the ionic functional metallic particles to be sustained-released to the outside of the shell layer from the inner core via crystal boundaries. In the embodiment of the present invention, biocompatible ceramic materials are used to cover the outside surface of the functional metallic particles which have specific functions via the PVD process so as to form functional composite particles. The ionic functional metallic particles of the functional composite particles are sustained-released via crystal boundaries of the shell layer, leading to longer action time of the functional metallic particles.

1 . A functional composite particle, including:
 an inner core, consisted of functional metallic particles and has an outer surface; and   a shell layer, the shell layer is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) ceramic layer consisted of biocompatible ceramic materials, and is attached to the outer surface of the inner core,   wherein the shell layer is a crystalline structure thereby allowing the ionic functional metallic particles to be sustained-released to the outside of the shell layer from the inner core via crystal boundaries.   
     
     
         2 . The functional composite particle of  claim 1 , wherein the functional metallic particles are antibacterial metallic particles, the antibacterial metallic particles are Ag metallic particles, Zn metallic particles, Cu metallic particles, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The functional composite particle of  claim 1 , wherein the functional metallic particles are growth-promoting metallic particles, the growth-promoting metallic particles are Ca metallic particles, K metallic particles, Mg metallic particles, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The functional composite particle of  claim 1 , wherein the functional metallic particles have a particle diameter of 5 nm to 5 mm. 
     
     
         5 . The functional composite particle of  claim 1 , wherein the PVD ceramic layer is a biocompatible ceramic layer consisting of a metal oxide or metal nitride composed of Zr, Ti, or Al, or a mixture of the metal oxide and the metal nitride. 
     
     
         6 . The functional composite particle of  claim 1 , wherein the PVD ceramic layer is a biocompatible ceramic layer consisting of ZrN, TiN, AlTiN, or Al 2 O 3 . 
     
     
         7 . The functional composite particle of  claim 1 , wherein the PVD ceramic layer has a thickness of 5 nm to 50000 nm and a surface hardness of 1000 HV to 4500 HV. 
     
     
         8 . A preparation method of functional composite particles, comprising the following steps:
 by means of an evaporation-condensation process, putting a solid metal block composed of functional metallic particles into a crucible, and evaporating the solid metal block by heating to a vacuum PVD process furnace for condensation; and   depositing a PVD ceramic layer composed of a biocompatible ceramic material on the outer surface of the functional metallic particles in the condensed state by means of a PVD process.   
     
     
         9 . The preparation method of the functional composite particle of  claim 8 , wherein the functional metallic particles are antibacterial metallic particles, the antibacterial metallic particles are Ag metallic particles, Zn metallic particles, Cu metallic particles, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         10 . The preparation method of the functional composite particle of  claim 8 , wherein the functional metallic particles are growth-promoting metallic particles, the growth-promoting metallic particles are Ca metallic particles, K metallic particles, Mg metallic particles, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         11 . The preparation method of the functional composite particle of  claim 8 , wherein the PVD ceramic layer is a biocompatible ceramic layer consisting of ZrN, TiN, AlTiN, or Al 2 O 3 . 
     
     
         12 . The preparation method of the functional composite particle of  claim 8 , wherein the particle diameter of the functional metallic particles after condensation are changed by adjusting heating power. 
     
     
         13 . The preparation method of the functional composite particle of  claim 8 , wherein the step of forming the PVD ceramic layer by means of a PVD process comprises:
 introducing nitrogen or oxygen with a purity of 99.999% into the vacuum PVD process furnace; at a bias voltage of 0 V to 1000 V, opening a target containing a biocompatible ceramic material, with an arc current of 120 A to 200 A; and depositing a PVD ceramic layer on the outer surface of the functional metallic particles in the condensed state by means of the PVD process.   
     
     
         14 . Uses of a functional composite particle for being coated on the surface of metal, cloth, ceramic, or plastic or implanted in metal, cloth, ceramic, or plastic, the functional composite particle, comprising:
 an inner core, consisted of functional metallic particles and has an outer surface; and   a shell layer, the shell layer is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) ceramic layer consisted of biocompatible ceramic materials, and is attached to the outer surface of the inner core,   wherein the shell layer is a crystalline structure formed to allow the ionic functional metallic particles to be sustained-released to the outside of the shell layer from the inner core via crystal boundaries.   
     
     
         15 . Uses of the functional composite particle of  claim 14 , wherein the functional metallic particles are antibacterial metallic particles, the antibacterial metallic particles are Ag metallic particles, Zn metallic particles, Cu metallic particles, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         16 . Uses of the functional composite particle of  claim 14 , wherein the functional metallic particles are growth-promoting metallic particles, the growth-promoting metallic particles are Ca metallic particles, K metallic particles, Mg metallic particles, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         17 . Uses of the functional composite particle of  claim 14 , wherein the functional metallic particles have a particle diameter of 5 nm to 5 mm. 
     
     
         18 . Uses of the functional composite particle of  claim 14 , wherein the PVD ceramic layer is a biocompatible ceramic layer consisting of a metal oxide or metal nitride composed of Zr, Ti, or Al, or a mixture of the metal oxide and the metal nitride. 
     
     
         19 . Uses of the functional composite particle of  claim 14 , wherein the PVD ceramic layer is a biocompatible ceramic layer consisting of ZrN, TiN, AlTiN, or Al 2 O 3 . 
     
     
         20 . Uses of the functional composite particle of  claim 14 , wherein the PVD ceramic layer has a thickness of 5 nm to 50000 nm and a surface hardness of 1000 HV to 4500 HV.