Method and device for producing shaped sheet-metal components by means of preformed components

Abstract

A method for producing a component in which a workpiece is preformed to form a preformed component and a finally shaped component is produced from the preformed component. The preformed component is formed into a singly or multiply offset finally shaped component by a forming process. The invention furthermore relates to a device with a forming tool. The forming tool is designed as a multi-part forming tool in which each part of the multi-part forming tool includes at least one punch and one die. The forming tool is designed to produce a singly or multiply offset finally shaped component by shaping from the preformed component.

1 . A method for producing a component, in particular a structural component of a vehicle, comprising the method steps:
 preforming a workpiece into a preformed component, and   producing a finally shaped component from the preformed component, wherein the preformed component is converted into a singly or multiply offset finally shaped component or into a singly or multiply offset finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate component by a forming, in particular in at least one method step.   
     
     
         2 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein a finally shaped component is first produced from the preformed component by shaping and then the finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate component is produced from the finally shaped component by calibration. 
     
     
         3 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the forming and calibration for producing the finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate component are carried out in a common method step. 
     
     
         4 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the preformed, the finally shaped and/or finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate component is a substantially elongated component, in particular a component elongated in the longitudinal direction by a factor of >1, in particular at least by a factor of 3, preferably at least by a factor of 5, compared to the transverse direction. 
     
     
         5 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the preformed, the finally shaped and/or the finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate component is a half shell-shaped component, in particular a component U-shaped or hat-shaped in cross section. 
     
     
         6 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the preformed component is formed into a Z-shaped or U-shaped finally formed or finally formed, highly dimensionally accurate component. 
     
     
         7 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein different regions of the preformed component are shaped and/or calibrated in a time-delayed manner into the finally shaped or finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate component. 
     
     
         8 . The method according to  claim 6 , wherein the finally shaped or finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate component comprises at least one offset middle region with two adjacent edge regions, wherein preferably during the forming of the preformed component into the finally shaped or finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate component the edge regions are aligned and / or remain substantially parallel and the longitudinal axis of the middle region is angled with respect to the longitudinal axis of the edge regions, in particular by 10° to 120°, preferably 30° to 90°. 
     
     
         9 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein a multi-part forming tool is used, wherein the middle region of the preformed component is formed into a final shape after at least one edge region of the preformed component has been formed into a final shape, or wherein the middle region of the preformed component is formed and calibrated into a finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate shape after at least one edge region of the preformed component has been formed and calibrated into a finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate shape. 
     
     
         10 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the preformed component is placed in dies, which are arranged inclined to the direction of displacement of the punches or dies used for the forming. 
     
     
         11 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the preformed component is first clamped between at least one edge die and the associated at least one edge punch, wherein the clamping force is so high that the preformed component essentially cannot slip. 
     
     
         12 . A device, in particular for carrying out a method according to  claim 1 , comprising a forming tool,
 wherein the forming tool is designed as a multi-part forming tool, wherein each part of the multi-part forming tool comprises at least one punch and a die, wherein the forming tool is arranged to produce a singly or multiply offset finally shaped component by shaping from the preformed component, or is arranged to produce a singly or multiply offset finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate component by forming and calibrating from the preformed component.   
     
     
         13 . The device according to  claim 12 , wherein the forming tool has at least one middle tool part with two adjacent edge tool parts, wherein the at least one middle tool part comprises at least one central punch and at least one central die and at least one of the edge tool parts has an edge punch and an edge die. 
     
     
         14 . The device according to  claim 13 , wherein the at least one edge die of at least one of the edge tool parts is a height-adjustable edge die and wherein the edge dies, in particular the non-height-adjustable edge dies, optionally comprise an inner hold-down device. 
     
     
         15 . The device according to  claim 13 , wherein the at least one edge punch of at least one of the edge tool parts is movably mounted with respect to the other punches, and is preferably mounted in a force-acting manner by at least one hydraulic adjusting means. 
     
     
         16 . The device according to  claim 12 , wherein the device and/or the forming tool is in an inclined position with respect to the direction of displacement. 
     
     
         17 . The device according to  claim 12 , wherein the forming tool has a forming edge die with a calibration function, in particular a height-adjustable forming edge die with a calibration function, optionally with an inner hold-down device. 
     
     
         18 . The device according to  claim 12 , wherein the forming tool has means for blocking the flow of material over the edge of the component, in particular lateral or frontal barrier walls, and/or optionally includes means for clamping individual bottom regions of the preformed component.