Therapeutic Compositions

Abstract

Provided herein are compositions, for example: oral rehydration compositions, beverages, food items, methods and uses, which utilise resistant starch to prevent or treat dehydration, including dehydration which is caused by diarrhoea. Beverages, food items and oral rehydration solutions including a resistant starch, which are suitable for aiding in the maintenance and restoration of hydration levels in individuals undertaking physical activities, including sports, are also disclosed.

1 - 21 . (canceled) 
     
     
         22 . A food item comprising a resistant starch selected from the group consisting of:
 a class V high amylose maize starch;   a class VI high amylose maize starch;   a class VII high amylose maize starch   a class VIII high amylose maize starch;   a class IX high amylose maize starch;   a class X high amylose maize starch;   a type IV resistant starch;   a type V resistant starch; and   combinations thereof,   wherein the food item is formulated for an individual to consume before, during or after the individual engages in a physical activity.   
     
     
         23 . The food item of  claim 22 , wherein the food item comprises a fermentable acetylated type IV resistant starch, optionally present in an amount of at least 70% w/w. 
     
     
         24 . The food item of  claim 22 , wherein the food item comprises a fermentable acetylated type IV resistant starch having an acetyl value in a range of 2.5% to 7.5%. 
     
     
         25 . The food item of  claim 22 , wherein the food item comprises a fermentable acetylated type IV resistant starch having an acetyl value of up to 2.5%. 
     
     
         26 . The food item of  claim 22 , wherein the food item has an amylose content of at least 50% w/w. 
     
     
         27 . The food item of  claim 22 , wherein the item comprises 0.1 to 300 g of resistant starch. 
     
     
         28 . The food item of  claim 22 , wherein the food item is selected from the group consisting of: a bar, a biscuit, bread, cake, muffin, cookie, cereal, pasta, noodles, pancakes, waffles, pizza, yoghurt and ice cream. 
     
     
         29 . The food item of  claim 22 , wherein the food item is in the form of a tablet, optionally with a resistant starch content of at least 90% w/w. 
     
     
         30 . A method of rehydrating an individual or retaining hydration in the individual, the method comprising providing a food item comprising a resistant starch selected from the group consisting of:
 a class V high amylose maize starch;   a class VI high amylose maize starch;   a class VII high amylose maize starch   a class VIII high amylose maize starch;   a class IX high amylose maize starch;   a class X high amylose maize starch;   a type IV resistant starch;   a type V resistant starch; and   combinations thereof,   wherein the food item is formulated for the individual to consume before, during or after the individual engages in a physical activity.   
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein the food item comprises a fermentable acetylated type IV resistant starch, optionally present in an amount of at least 70% w/w. 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein the food item comprises a fermentable acetylated type IV resistant starch having an acetyl value in a range of 2.5% to 7.5%. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein the food item comprises a fermentable acetylated type IV resistant starch having an acetyl value of up to 2.5%. 
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein the food item has an amylose content of at least 50% w/w. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein the item comprises 0.1 to 300 g of resistant starch. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein the food item is selected from the group consisting of: a bar, a biscuit, bread, cake, muffin, cookie, cereal, pasta, noodles, pancakes, waffles, pizza, yoghurt and ice cream. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein the food item is in the form of a tablet, optionally with a resistant starch content of at least 90% w/w. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein the food item is consumed before or after consumption of an oral rehydration composition, wherein the oral rehydration comprises:
 a salt composition;   a fermentable acetylated type IV resistant starch;   a suspending agent in an amount effective to suspend the fermentable acetylated type IV resistant starch in water; and   optionally one or more of:   glucose;   water soluble salts of zinc, magnesium or copper;   sodium bicarbonate; or   combinations thereof.   
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 38 , wherein the oral rehydration composition:
 comprises a fermentable acetylated type IV resistant starch that is acetylated to a substitution value of up to and including 2.5%.   
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 38 , wherein the suspending agent is xanthan gum. 
     
     
         41 . The method of  claim 38 , wherein the food item is consumed before consumption of the oral rehydration composition.