Systems and methods for cryoablation of a tissue

Abstract

Systems and methods for cryoablation of a tissue. In at least one embodiment of a cryoablation system of the present disclosure, the cryoablation system comprises an expandable stent comprising a proximal end and a distal end, a sidewall defining a lumen extending between the proximal end and the distal end, and a cryoablation chamber at the distal end, the expandable stent configured to permit blood flow therethrough, and a cryoablation device comprising at least one coolant tube at least partially positioned within the cryoablation chamber, wherein the at least one coolant tube is operable to produce a cryogenic environment sufficient to ablate at least a portion of a tissue engaged within the cryoablation chamber.

1 . A cryoablation system, comprising:
 an expandable member configured to anchor to a tissue during cryoablation; and   a cryoablation chamber located at a distal end of the expandable member and configured to provide a cryogenic environment therein sufficient to cryoablate at least a portion of the tissue;   wherein the suction is provided through a distal end of at least part of the cryoablation system.   
     
     
         2 . The system of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a suction member in communication with a suction tube, configured to maintain a region of negative pressure when attached to the tissue.   
     
     
         3 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the cryoablation chamber configured to receive a liquid capable of providing a cryogenic environment therein. 
     
     
         4 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the cryoablation chamber is configured to provide the cryogenic environment using a cool fluid delivered to the cryoablation chamber using a coolant tube in communication with the cryoablation chamber. 
     
     
         5 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the suction member is attached to or defined within the expandable member. 
     
     
         6 . The system of  claim 1 , configured to be connected to a cryoablation device used to deliver a cool fluid to the cryoablation chamber. 
     
     
         7 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the cryogenic environment is sufficient to ablate at least a portion of a tissue surrounding an opening of a blood vessel when the cryoablation chamber is in contact with the tissue. 
     
     
         8 . The system of  claim 7 , wherein the cryoablation system is configured to maintain blood flow from the blood vessel to an atrial cavity during ablation of the at least a portion of the tissue. 
     
     
         9 . The system of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a balloon slidably positioned within a lumen of the expandable member, the balloon operable to expand the expandable member.   
     
     
         10 . The system of  claim 5 , further comprising:
 a controller operably connected to the expandable member and the cryoablation device, the controller operable to monitor at least one variable of the expandable member and/or the cryoablation device.   
     
     
         11 . The system of  claim 10 , wherein the controller is operable to trigger expansion of the expandable member and is further operable to trigger ablation of at least a portion of a tissue in contact with the cryoablation chamber. 
     
     
         12 . A cryoablation system, comprising:
 an expandable member configured to anchor to a tissue during cryoablation; and   a cryoablation chamber located at a distal end of the expandable member and configured to provide a cryogenic environment therein sufficient to cryoablate at least a portion of the tissue;   a cryoablation device used to deliver a cool fluid to the cryoablation chamber; and   a balloon slidably positioned within a lumen of the expandable member, the balloon operable to expand the expandable member;   wherein the suction is provided through a distal end of at least part of the cryoablation system.   
     
     
         13 . The system of  claim 12 , wherein the cryoablation chamber configured to receive a liquid capable of providing a cryogenic environment therein. 
     
     
         14 . The system of  claim 12 , wherein the cryoablation chamber is configured to provide the cryogenic environment using a cool fluid delivered to the cryoablation chamber using a coolant tube in communication with the cryoablation chamber. 
     
     
         15 . A method of cryoablating a tissue, the method comprising the steps of:
 positioning at least a portion of a cryoablation system into a mammalian body so that at least part of the cryoablation system is adjacent to a targeted tissue, the cryoablation system comprising:
 an expandable member configured to anchor to a tissue during cryoablation; and 
 a cryoablation chamber located at a distal end of the expandable member and configured to provide a cryogenic environment therein sufficient to cryoablate at least a portion of the tissue; 
 wherein the suction is provided through a distal end of at least part of the cryoablation system; 
   expanding the expandable member;   initiating suction through at least part of the cryoablation system to affix the expandable member to the targeted tissue; and   cryogenically ablating at least part of the targeted tissue using the cryoablation chamber.   
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the step of expanding is performed by inflating a balloon positioned within the expandable member. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the step of cryogenically ablating is performed by introducing a cool fluid into the cryoablation chamber. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein blood flow through the expandable member is not substantially disrupted during the step of cryogenically ablating at least part of the targeted tissue. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the step of cryogenically ablating is performed to ablate a total circumference of the targeted tissue. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the step of cryogenically ablating is performed to ablate at least part of an atrial wall.