Treating Renal and Liver Dysfunction with TLR4 Antagonists

Abstract

The present invention derives from the finding that increased levels of Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) is associated with liver failure and renal dysfunction and/or brain dysfunction and that by decreasing TLR4 levels in vivo, the kidney and brain consequences of liver disease that are precipitated by superimposed infection or inflammation may be reduced. Accordingly, the invention provides TLR4 antagonists for use in a method of treating an individual suffering from liver disease presenting with renal or brain dysfunction.

1 - 13 . (canceled) 
     
     
         14 . A method for reducing plasma ammonia in a patient comprising administering to the patient an effective amount of an antagonist of TLR4. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the patient has been diagnosed with organ dysfunction. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the patient has been diagnosed with dysfunction or swelling of the brain. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the patient has been diagnosed with hyperammonemia. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the TLR4 antagonist comprises one or more of a peptide, polypeptide, protein, antibody, polynucleotide, and small molecule. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the TLR4 antagonist comprises one or more of STM28, TAK-242, eritoran, NI-0101, OxPAPC, IAXO-101, IAXO-102 Methyl 6-Deoxy-6-amino-2,3-di-O-tetradecyl-a-D-glucopyranoside, and IAXO-103. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the TLR4 antagonist comprises TAK-242. 
     
     
         21 . A method of treating hyperammonemia in a patient comprising administering to said patient a therapeutically-effective amount of an antagonist of TLR4. 
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the patient has been diagnosed with organ dysfunction. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the patient has been diagnosed with dysfunction or swelling of the brain. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the patient has been diagnosed with hyperammonemia. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the TLR4 antagonist comprises one or more of a peptide, polypeptide, protein, antibody, polynucleotide, and small molecule. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the TLR4 antagonist comprises one or more of STM28, TAK-242, eritoran, NI-0101, OxPAPC, IAXO-101, IAXO-102 Methyl 6-Deoxy-6-amino-2,3-di-O-tetradecyl-a-D-glucopyranoside, and IAXO-103. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein the TLR4 antagonist comprises TAK-242.