Aircraft occupant chemical oxygen system with short and long duration

Abstract

A chemical oxygen core for a chemical oxygen generator includes at least one layer of an oxygen-generating composition. In some examples, the at least one layer comprises includes a metal powder fuel, a transition metal oxide catalyst, and an oxygen source. In various examples, the at least one layer includes less than approximately 0.1 percent by weight of the transition metal oxide catalyst. In certain examples, a chemical oxygen generator includes a chemical oxygen core and a perforated metal covering surrounding the chemical oxygen core along a length of the chemical oxygen core. In some aspects, the perforated metal covering has an opening ratio of approximately 0 to 100 percent.

1 . A chemical oxygen core for a chemical oxygen generator comprising:
 at least one layer of an oxygen-generating composition, wherein the at least one layer comprises:
 a metal powder fuel; 
 a transition metal oxide catalyst; and 
 an oxygen source, 
   wherein the at least one layer comprises greater than 0.0 percent by weight and less than approximately 0.1 percent by weight of the transition metal oxide catalyst, and   wherein the chemical oxygen core is configured to produce breathable oxygen gas upon thermal decomposition of the chemical oxygen core.   
     
     
         2 . The chemical oxygen core of  claim 1 , wherein the at least one layer comprises approximately 0.0 to 5.0 percent by weight of the metal powder fuel. 
     
     
         3 . The chemical oxygen core of  claim 2 , wherein the metal powder fuel is selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The chemical oxygen core of  claim 2 , wherein the at least one layer comprises approximately 3.4 to 3.9 percent by weight of the metal powder fuel. 
     
     
         5 . The chemical oxygen core of  claim 1 , wherein the at least one layer further comprises an additive, and wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of feldspar, anhydrous aluminum silicate, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         6 . The chemical oxygen core of  claim 1 , wherein the oxygen source is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal chlorates, alkali metal perchlorates, and combinations thereof, wherein the at least one layer further comprises a binder selected from the group consisting of amorphous silicon dioxide, mica, and combinations thereof and a reaction moderator selected from the group consisting of potassium permanganate, potassium hydroxide, mica, amorphous silicon dioxide, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         7 . (canceled) 
     
     
         8 . A chemical oxygen generator comprising:
 a chemical oxygen core; and   a perforated metal covering surrounding the chemical oxygen core along a length of the chemical oxygen core, wherein the perforated metal covering comprises an opening ratio of approximately 0 percent to 100 percent.   
     
     
         9 . The chemical oxygen generator of  claim 8 , further comprising a housing having an ignition end, an outlet end, and a housing cavity, wherein the chemical oxygen core and perforated metal covering are positioned within the housing cavity, wherein the ignition end comprises an ignition system configured to ignite the chemical oxygen core, and wherein the outlet end is configured to direct oxygen out of the chemical oxygen generator. 
     
     
         10 . The chemical oxygen generator of  claim 8 , wherein the perforated metal covering comprises a stepwise, linear, or polynomic-functional increasing opening ratio along the length of the chemical oxygen core. 
     
     
         11 . The chemical oxygen generator of  claim 8 , wherein the perforated metal covering is selected from the group consisting of a nickel-chrome alloy, stainless steel, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         12 . The chemical oxygen generator of  claim 8 , further comprising a liner surrounding the perforated metal covering along the length of the chemical oxygen core. 
     
     
         13 . The chemical oxygen generator of  claim 12 , wherein the liner is a cylindrical metal liner. 
     
     
         14 . The chemical oxygen generator of  claim 12 , wherein the liner is conical metal liner. 
     
     
         15 . The chemical oxygen generator of  claim 8 , wherein the perforated metal covering comprises at least one end portion and a body portion adjacent to the at least one end portion, and wherein the at least one end portion comprises an opening ratio that is less than the opening ratio of the body portion. 
     
     
         16 . The chemical oxygen generator of  claim 15 , wherein the at least one end portion comprises an opening ratio of 0 percent. 
     
     
         17 . The chemical oxygen generator of  claim 15 , wherein the at least one end portion comprises two end portions, and wherein the body portion is between the two end portions. 
     
     
         18 . The chemical oxygen generator of  claim 8 , wherein the chemical oxygen core comprises at least one layer of an oxygen-generating composition, and wherein the at least one layer comprises:
 a metal powder fuel;   a transition metal oxide catalyst; and   an oxygen source,   wherein the at least one layer comprises less than approximately 0.1 percent by weight of the transition metal oxide catalyst.   
     
     
         19 . The chemical oxygen generator of  claim 18 , wherein the at least one layer comprises approximately 0.0 to 5.0 percent by weight of the metal powder fuel. 
     
     
         20 . The chemical oxygen generator of  claim 18 , wherein the at least one layer comprises approximately 0.0 to 0.1 percent by weight of the transition metal oxide catalyst.