US2021057755A1PendingUtilityA1

Anodes for lithium-based energy storage devices

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Assignee: GRAPHENIX DEV INCPriority: Aug 21, 2019Filed: Aug 20, 2020Published: Feb 25, 2021
Est. expiryAug 21, 2039(~13.1 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:John C. BrewerPaul D. GarmanKevin Tanzil
Y02E60/10H01M 4/667H01M 4/62H01M 2004/028H01M 2004/027H01M 4/134H01M 4/661H01M 4/38H01M 10/0525H01M 4/386H01M 4/625H01M 10/0568H01M 4/0428H01M 10/0565H01M 2300/0085H01M 4/5815H01M 4/366H01M 2300/0082H01M 2300/0028H01M 4/48H01M 10/0569
63
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Claims

Abstract

An anode for a lithium-based energy storage device such as a lithium-ion battery is disclosed. The anode includes a current collector having an electrically conductive layer and a surface layer overlaying the electrically conductive layer. A lithium storage layer is overlaying the surface layer and the surface layer includes a metal chalcogenide having at least one of sulfur or selenium. The metal chalcogenide may include a metal sulfide, a metal polysulfide, a metal selenide, a metal polyselenide, or a combination thereof. The metal chalcogenide may include a copper sulfide or a copper polysulfide. The lithium storage may include a total content of silicon, germanium, or a combination thereof of at least 40 atomic %. The lithium storage layer may be a continuous porous lithium storage layer having an average density from about 1.1 g/cm3 to about 2.25 g/cm3 and comprises at least 85 atomic % amorphous silicon.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
We claim: 
     
         1 . An anode for an energy storage device comprising:
 a current collector comprising an electrically conductive layer and a surface layer overlaying the electrically conductive layer; and   a lithium storage layer overlaying the surface layer,   wherein the surface layer comprises a metal chalcogenide comprising at least one of sulfur or selenium.   
     
     
         2 . The anode of  claim 1 , wherein the metal chalcogenide comprises a metal sulfide, a metal polysulfide, a metal selenide, or a metal polyselenide. 
     
     
         3 . The anode of  claim 1 , wherein the metal chalcogenide comprises a transition metal sulfide, a transition metal polysulfide, a transition metal selenide, or a transition metal polyselenide. 
     
     
         4 . The anode of  claim 3 , wherein the transition metal is copper. 
     
     
         5 . The anode of  claim 1 , wherein the metal chalcogenide comprises a copper sulfide or a copper polysulfide. 
     
     
         6 . The anode of  claim 1 , wherein the surface layer further comprises a metal oxide. 
     
     
         7 . The anode of  claim 1 , wherein the surface layer comprises a first sublayer overlaying the electrically conductive layer and a second sublayer overlaying the first sublayer. 
     
     
         8 . The anode of  claim 7 , wherein the first sublayer comprises at least one of sulfur or selenium and the second sublayer comprises a metal oxide. 
     
     
         9 . The anode of  claim 8 , wherein the first sublayer comprises a copper sulfide or a copper polysulfide. 
     
     
         10 . The anode of  claim 9 , wherein the second sublayer comprises an oxide of copper, an oxide of nickel, an oxide of titanium, or an oxide of zinc. 
     
     
         11 . The anode of  claim 1 , wherein the surface layer has an average thickness in a range of 0.1 to 5.0 μm. 
     
     
         12 . The anode of  claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive layer comprises nickel, copper, stainless steel, titanium, conductive carbon, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         13 . The anode of  claim 1 , wherein the lithium storage layer is a continuous porous lithium storage layer. 
     
     
         14 . The anode of  claim 13 , wherein the continuous porous lithium storage layer has a total content of silicon, germanium, or a combination thereof of at least 40 atomic %. 
     
     
         15 . The anode of  claim 13 , wherein the continuous porous lithium storage layer includes less than 10 atomic % carbon. 
     
     
         16 . The anode of  claim 13 , wherein the continuous porous lithium storage layer is substantially free of nanostructures. 
     
     
         17 . The anode of  claim 13 , wherein the continuous porous lithium storage layer has an average thickness from 4 μm to 30 μm. 
     
     
         18 . The anode of  claim 13 , wherein the continuous porous lithium storage layer comprises at least 85 atomic % amorphous silicon and has a density in a range of 1.1 g/cm 3  to 2.2 g/cm 3 . 
     
     
         19 . A battery comprising the anode of  claim 1  and a cathode. 
     
     
         20 . The battery of  claim 19 , wherein the anode is prelithiated and the cathode comprises sulfur, selenium, or both sulfur and selenium.

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