Coating including inorganic fullerene-like particles and inorganic tubular-like particles

Abstract

In one embodiment, a coating is provided that includes a deposition surface, and a coating on the deposition surface. The coating may include particles of a metal chalcogenide comprising a fullerene-like geometry, a tubular-like geometry or a combination of fullerene-like geometries and tubular-like geometries. The metal chalcogenide composition has a molecular formula of MX2.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A composite coating composition:
 a matrix phase of a polymeric material;   a dispersed phase of particles of a metal chalcogenide comprising a fullerene-like geometry, a tubular-like geometry or a combination thereof, the dispersed phase having an outer layer comprising at least one sectioned portion, the at least one sectioned portion extends along a direction away from the curvature of the multilayered structure, the at least one sectioned portion engaged to remaining section of the outer layer, the dispersed phase of particles being present substantially throughout a matrix phase of a polymeric base material, wherein the metal chalcogenide composition has a molecular formula of MX 2 , where M is a metallic element selected from the group consisting of titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), technetium (Tc), ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), silver (Ag), cadmium (Cd), hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W), rhenium (Re), osmium (Os), iridium (Jr), platinum (Pt), gold (Au), mercury (Hg) and combinations thereof, and X is a chalcogen element selected from the group consisting of sulfur (S), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te), oxygen (O) and combinations thereof.   
     
     
         2 . The composite coating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the polymeric material is selected from the group consisting of elastomers, epoxies, thermoplastic polymers, polyamides, polyphthalamide, polyphthalamide blend, poly-amide-imide, polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene, polyester, polyurethanes, polyproplenes, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The composite coating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the particles of the metal chalcogenide having said at least one of the fullerene-like geometry and the tubular-like geometry are present in the base material layer in an amount of greater than 0.1 wt %. 
     
     
         4 . The composite coating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the particles of the metal chalcogenide having the molecular formula MX 2  are tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ), molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The composite coating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the particles of the metal chalcogenide having the molecular formula MX 2  have a fullerene-like geometry and a diameter ranging from 5 nm to 5 μm. 
     
     
         6 . The composite coating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the particles of the metal chalcogenide having the molecular formula MX 2  have a tube-like geometry and a diameter ranging 1 nm to 150 nm. 
     
     
         7 . The composite coating of  claim 6 , wherein the tube-like geometry includes a length ranging from 10 nm to 15 cm. 
     
     
         8 . The composite coating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the particles of the metal chalcogenide are functionalized with at least one of non-anionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, surfactants, silanes, thiols, polymers and dopants. 
     
     
         9 . The composite coating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the polymeric material is an epoxy. 
     
     
         10 . The composite coating composition  claim 9 , wherein the polymeric material is selected from the group consisting of bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, novolac epoxy resin, aliphatic epoxy resin, glycidylamine epoxy resin and combinations thereof 
     
     
         11 . A coating method comprising:
 providing a deposition surface; and   depositing by solvent transport medium a coating on the deposition surface includes particles of a metal chalcogenide comprising a fullerene-like geometry, a tubular-like geometry or a combination of fullerene-like geometries and tubular-like geometries particles, wherein the metal chalcogenide composition has a molecular formula of MX 2  and M is a metallic element selected from the group consisting of titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), technetium (Tc), ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), silver (Ag), cadmium (Cd), hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W), rhenium (Re), osmium (Os), iridium (Jr), platinum (Pt), gold (Au), mercury (Hg) and combinations thereof, and X is a chalcogen element selected from the group consisting of sulfur (S), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te), oxygen (O) and combinations thereof.   
     
     
         12 . The coating method of  claim 11 , wherein the particles of a metal chalcogenide provide a dispersed phase of a metal chalcogenide having an outer layer comprising at least one sectioned portion for the fullerene-like geometries and tubular-like geometries, the at least one sectioned portion extends along a direction away from the curvature of the outer layer for the fullerene-like geometries and tubular-like geometries particles, the at least one sectioned portion engaged to remaining section of the outer layer. 
     
     
         13 . The coating method of  claim 11 , wherein the coating further comprises a base material layer selected from the group consisting base material layer comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of elastomers, epoxies, thermoplastic polymers, polyamides, polyphthalamide, polyphthalamide blend, poly-amide-imide, polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene, polyester, polyurethanes, polyproplenes, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         14 . The coating method of  claim 11 , wherein the solvent transport medium includes a solvent selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, acetone, acetonitrile, benzene, n-butanol, butyl acetate, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, cyclohexane, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC), propylene carbonate (PC), dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane, ethanol, ethyl acetate, di-ethyl ether, heptane, hexane, methanol, methyl-t-butyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, pentane, n-propanol, iso-propanol, di-iso-propyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, NMP, ethyl benzene trichloroethylene, water, xylene and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         15 . The coating method of  claim 11 , wherein depositing comprises brushing. 
     
     
         16 . The coating method of  claim 11 , wherein depositing comprises spraying. 
     
     
         17 . The coating method of  claim 11 , wherein the particles of the metal chalcogenide having the molecular formula MX 2  are tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ), molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         18 . The coating method of  claim 11 , wherein the particles of the metal chalcogenide having the molecular formula MX 2  have a fullerene-like geometry and a diameter ranging from 5 nm to 5 μm. 
     
     
         19 . The coating method of  claim 11 , wherein the particles of the metal chalcogenide having the molecular formula MX 2  have a tube-like geometry and a diameter ranging 1 nm to 150 nm and a length ranging from 10 nm to 15 cm. 
     
     
         20 . The coating method of  claim 11 , wherein the particles of the metal chalcogenide are functionalized with at least one of non-anionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, surfactants, silanes, thiols, polymers and dopants.