Nickel-plating additive and satin nickel-plating bath containing same

Abstract

Provided are a technique with which a satin-like appearance can be obtained in nickel-plating by a nickel-plating additive characterized by containing a benzethonium salt, a satin nickel-plating bath containing the same, and a satin nickel-plating method using the same.

1 . A satin nickel-plating bath comprising:
 a nickel-plating additive added to the nickel-plating bath, wherein the nickel-plating additive comprises
 a benzethonium salt, 
 a quaternary ammonium compound, and 
 at least one nonionic surfactant, and nickel ions. 
   
     
     
         2 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the benzethonium salt in the satin nickel-plating bath is from 0.0001 to 0.1 g/L. 
     
     
         3 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , wherein the benzethonium salt is benzethonium chloride. 
     
     
         4 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is represented by the following formula (1): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of a C 1 -C 18  linear or branched alkyl, a C 1 -C 18  linear or branched alkenyl, and benzyl; and X −  is selected from the group consisting of a chloride ion, a bromine ion, and a sulfate ion. 
       
     
     
         5 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 4 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound represented by the formula (1) is at least one selected from the group consisting of benzyl dimethyl dodecyl ammonium chloride, benzyl dimethyl tetradecyl ammonium chloride, benzyl dimethyl hexadecyl ammonium chloride, benzyl dimethyl stearyl ammonium chloride, benzyl dimethyl oleyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. 
     
     
         6 . The satin nickel-plating bath according to of  claim 1 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is a betaine. 
     
     
         7 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 6 , wherein the betaine is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, 2-alkyl-N-carboxymethyl-N-hydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine, and fatty acid amidopropyl dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine. 
     
     
         8 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the quaternary ammonium compound in the satin nickel-plating bath is from 0.0001 to 0.1 g/L. 
     
     
         9 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the quaternary ammonium compound in the satin nickel-plating bath is from 0.0005 to 0.05 g/L. 
     
     
         10 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the at least one nonionic surfactant in the satin nickel-plating bath is from 0.0001 to 0.1 g/L. 
     
     
         11 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the at least one nonionic surfactant in the satin nickel-plating bath is from 0.0002 to 0.05 g/L. 
     
     
         12 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , wherein
 a concentration of the quaternary ammonium compound in the satin nickel-plating bath is from 0.0001 to 0.1 g/L, and   a concentration of the at least one nonionic surfactant in the satin nickel-plating bath is from 0.0001 to 0.1 g/L.   
     
     
         13 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , wherein
 a concentration of the benzethonium salt the satin nickel-plating bath is from 0.0001 to 0.1 g/L,   a concentration of the quaternary ammonium compound in the satin nickel-plating bath is from 0.0001 to 0.1 g/L, and a concentration of the at least one nonionic surfactant in the satin nickel-plating bath is from 0.0001 to 0.1 g/L.   
     
     
         14 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , wherein the at least one nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, and polyoxypropylene alkyl ether. 
     
     
         15 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , further comprising at least one primary brightener. 
     
     
         16 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 15 , wherein the at least one primary brightener is selected from the group consisting of saccharic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, naphthalenedisulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, propargylsulfonic acid, a sodium salt thereof, and a potassium salt thereof. 
     
     
         17 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 15 , wherein a content of the at least one primary brightener in the satin nickel-plating bath is from 0.001 to 20 g/L. 
     
     
         18 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , wherein a source of the nickel ions in the satin nickel-plating bath is nickel sulfate, nickel sulfamate, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         19 . The satin nickel-plating bath of  claim 1 , further comprising at least one primary brightener.