Mine exploitation, separation and filing, and x exploitation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mine exploitation, separation and filling and X exploitation mode, including four “exploitation, separation and filling and X” exploitation modes, namely an “exploitation, separation and filling and retaining” exploitation mode, an “exploitation, separation and filling and treatment” exploitation mode, an “exploitation, separation and filling and extraction” exploitation mode, and an “exploitation, separation and filling and control” exploitation mode. The selection of the “exploitation, separation and filling and X” exploitation mode is determined by actual engineering needs. A goaf filling rate is designed to meet the actual engineering needs of the mine, solve the technical problems in mine resource exploitation, and realize the objective of green, harmonious and safe exploitation of coal resources. Compared with an original “exploitation, separation and filling” exploitation mode, the “exploitation, separation and filling and X” exploitation mode is more systematic and comprehensive and is beneficial to engineering promotion and application.

1 . A mine “exploitation, separation and filling and X” exploitation method based on coal gangue separation and on-site filling, wherein “exploitation” is a gangue small-scale exploitation system, “separation” is a coal gangue separation system, “filling” is a filling system, and “X” is an exploitation, separation and filling integrated synergistic production system; and the mine exploitation, separation and filling, and X exploitation mode comprises the following steps:
 step  1 : selecting the gangue small-scale exploitation system according to mine geological and hydrological conditions, a mine system layout manner, and a coal resource exploitation site, selecting the coal gangue separation system according to a coal gangue separation effect, underground space occupation, and a separation system performance factor, selecting an on-site filling system according to filling material performance, a material conveying manner, and a filling system performance factor, and forming an “exploitation, separation and filling” system suitable for an actual production need of a mine; 
 step  2 : determining an X production system according to an actual engineering need of the mine, and forming an “exploitation, separation and filling, and X” exploitation mode; 
 step  3 : designing a goaf filling rate to meet the actual engineering need of the mine; and 
 step  4 : obtaining an actual measured filling rate by dynamic monitoring equipment in an exploitation process, performing comparison with an engineering control object, and ensuring that a measured value of the actual measured filling rate meets a need of the engineering control by adjusting a technology, and a management method, thereby realizing an engineering objective. 
 
     
     
         2 . The mine “exploitation, separation and filling and X” exploitation method based on coal gangue separation and on-site filling according to  claim 1 , wherein the gangue small-scale exploitation system comprises a tunneling face gangue small-scale exploitation system, a protection layer gangue small-scale exploitation system, a coal seam group gangue small-scale exploitation system, and a wild coal seam gangue small-scale exploitation system;
 the coal gangue separation system comprises a selectively crushed coal gangue separation system, a dense-medium shallow-slot coal gangue separation system, a movable sieve jigging coal gangue separation system, and a whole-grain water-based coal gangue separation system; 
 the on-site filling system comprises a gangue filling system, a paste filling system, a cementing material filling system, and a high-water material filling system; and 
 the X production system comprises a coal pillar-less entry retaining system, a filling and caving synergistic production system, a gas three-dimensional extraction system, and a filling effect control feedback system. 
 
     
     
         3 . The mine “exploitation, separation and filling and X” exploitation method based on coal gangue separation and on-site filling according to  claim 1 , wherein a specific method for determining the X production system in the step  2  comprises the following steps:
 a: when a mine engineering aims to increase a mining rate of coal resources, taking a coal pillar-less gob-side entry retaining system as the X, and forming an “exploitation, separation and filling, and retaining” exploitation mode; 
 b: when the mine engineering aims to purely treat gangue, taking a filling and caving synergistic production system as the X, and forming an “exploitation, separation and filling, and treatment” exploitation mode; 
 c: when the mine engineering aims to simultaneously exploit coal and gas, taking a gas three-dimensional extraction system as the X, and forming an “exploitation, separation and filling, and extraction” exploitation mode; and 
 d: when the mine engineering aims to realize a water-preserved harmonious exploitation of coal under a water-bearing bed, a safe exploitation of a coal seam group under a hard roof, and a non-destructive exploitation of an “under-three” deep coal resource, taking a filling effect control feedback system as the X, and forming an “exploitation, separation and filling, and control” exploitation mode. 
 
     
     
         4 . The mine “exploitation, separation and filling and X” exploitation method based on coal gangue separation and on-site filling according to  claim 3 , wherein a specific method for designing the goaf filling rate in the step  3  comprises the following steps:
 a: during the “exploitation, separation and filling and retaining” exploitation mode, controlling a stability of a roadside filling body by controlling the goaf filling rate to replace a coal pillar support roof to displace coal resources, thereby increasing the mining rate of the coal resources and realizing multiple exploitations of coal resources; 
 b: during the “exploitation, separation and filling and treatment” exploitation mode, controlling gangue treatment capacity by controlling the goaf filling rate, thereby realizing wasteless exploitation of the coal resources; 
 c: during the “exploitation, separation and filling and extraction” exploitation mode, changing coal seam permeability by controlling the goaf filling rate to achieve an objective of harmonious simultaneous exploitation of coal and gas, thereby realizing simultaneous exploitation of coal associated resources; and 
 d: during the “exploitation, separation and filling and control” exploitation mode, controlling height of a water flowing fractured zone of a water-preserved exploitation mine, a critical breaking distance of a hard roof of a hard roof coal seam, and a critical equivalent mining height of an “under-three” coal mine by controlling the goaf filling rate, thereby realizing the water-preserved harmonious exploitation of coal under the water-bearing bed, safe exploitation of the coal seam group under the hard roof, and the non-destructive exploitation of the “under-three” deep coal resource. 
 
     
     
         5 . The mine “exploitation, separation and filling and X” exploitation method based on coal gangue separation and on-site filling according to  claim 2 , wherein a specific method for determining the X production system in the step  2  comprises the following steps:
 a: when a mine engineering aims to increase a mining rate of coal resources, taking a coal pillar-less gob-side entry retaining system as the X, and forming an “exploitation, separation and filling, and retaining” exploitation mode; 
 b: when the mine engineering aims to purely treat gangue, taking the filling and caving synergistic production system as the X, and forming an “exploitation, separation and filling, and treatment” exploitation mode; 
 c: when the mine engineering aims to simultaneously exploit coal and gas, taking the gas three-dimensional extraction system as the X, and forming an “exploitation, separation and filling, and extraction” exploitation mode; and 
 d: when the mine engineering aims to realize a water-preserved harmonious exploitation of coal under a water-bearing bed, a safe exploitation of a coal seam group under a hard roof, and a non-destructive exploitation of an “under-three” deep coal resource, taking the filling effect control feedback system as the X, and forming an “exploitation, separation and filling, and control” exploitation mode.