Electrolytic eluent generators with stabilized operating voltages

Abstract

An electrolytic eluent generator includes an electrolyte reservoir, an eluent generation chamber, and an ion exchange membrane stack. The electrolyte reservoir includes a chamber containing an aqueous electrolyte solution including an electrolyte and a surfactant; and a first electrode. The eluent generation chamber including a second electrode. The ion exchange connector includes an ion exchange membrane stack, and a compression block.

1 . An electrolytic eluent generator comprising:
 an electrolyte reservoir including:
 a chamber containing an aqueous electrolyte solution including an electrolyte and a surfactant; and 
 a first electrode; 
   an eluent generation chamber including a second electrode; and   an ion exchange connector including:
 an ion exchange membrane stack; and 
 a compression block. 
   
     
     
         2 . The electrolytic eluent generator of  claim 1  wherein the eluent generation chamber is configured to operate at a pressure of up to about 15,000 psi. 
     
     
         3 . The electrolytic eluent generator of  claim 1  wherein the second electrode is a perforated electrode. 
     
     
         4 . The electrolytic eluent generator of  claim 1  wherein the compression block is disposed between the electrolyte reservoir and the ion exchange membrane stack, and the compression block includes a plurality of channels. 
     
     
         5 . The electrolytic eluent generator of  claim 1  wherein the surfactant is an anionic surfactant and the ion exchange membrane stack has a net negative charge and is configured to allow cation flow through and to block anions and bulk liquid flow or cationic surfactant and the ion exchange membrane stack has a net positive charge and is configured to allow anion flow through and to block cations and bulk liquid flow. 
     
     
         6 . The electrolytic eluent generator of  claim 1  wherein the surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant. 
     
     
         7 . The electrolytic eluent generator of  claim 1  wherein the surfactant is a caustic and acid stable surfactant. 
     
     
         8 . A method comprising:
 providing an aqueous electrolyte solution to an electrolyte reservoir, the aqueous electrolyte solution including an electrolyte and a surfactant, the electrolyte reservoir coupled to an eluent generation chamber by an ion exchange connector, the ion exchange connector including an ion exchange membrane stack and a compression block;   applying a voltage or current across a first electrode in the eluent generation chamber and a second electrode in the electrolyte reservoir;   electrolytically splitting water at the first electrode to form a hydroxide anion or a hydronium ion in the eluent generation chamber; and   migrating an ion from the electrolyte reservoir through the ion exchange membrane stack to the eluent generation chamber to combine with the hydroxide anion to form a cation hydroxide solution or the hydronium ion to form an anion acid solution for ion chromatography.   
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8  wherein the electrolyte includes a potassium electrolyte. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 8  wherein the electrolyte includes a methanesulfonate electrolyte. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 8  wherein the surfactant is an anionic surfactant and the ion exchange membrane stack has a net negative charge and is configured to allow cation flow through and to block anions and bulk liquid flow or cationic surfactant and the ion exchange membrane stack has a net positive charge and is configured to allow anion flow through and to block cations and bulk liquid flow. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 8  wherein the surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 8  wherein the surfactant s a caustic and acid stable surfactant. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 8  wherein the surfactant is at a concentration of between about 1 ppm and 100 ppm. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 8  wherein the eluent generation chamber is at a pressure of up to about 15,000 psi. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 8  wherein the current across the anode and the cathode result in a voltage that remains within a range of not greater than about +/−2.0 V over at least 7 days. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 8  wherein the current across the anode and the cathode result in a voltage that varies by not more than 10% of the starting voltage over at least 7 days. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 8  wherein the compression block includes a plurality of channels and the method further comprises generating bubbles in the electrolyte reservoir where the bubbles do not adhere to the plurality of channels. 
     
     
         19 .- 41 . (canceled)