Lubricating composition containing an oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenol

Abstract

The invention provides lubricating composition comprising: an oil of lubricating viscosity, and an oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenol, wherein the oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenol is substituted with at least one aliphatic hydrocarbyl group of 40 to 96 carbon atoms, and wherein the oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenol is substantially free of aromatic hydrocarbyl groups. The invention further relates to a method of lubricating a mechanical device (such as an internal combustion engine) with the lubricating composition. The invention further relates to the use of the oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenol in the lubricating composition to a passenger car internal combustion engine at least one of (i) control of fuel economy, (ii) control of corrosion, (iii) cleanliness, and (iv) control of bore wear.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A lubricating composition comprising:
 a) an oil of lubricating viscosity;   b) an overbased alkaline earth metal sulfonate detergent having a metal ratio of at least 8, in an amount to contribute at least 3 KOH/kg of TBN to the lubricating composition;   c) an ashless, sulfur free, oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenolic compound in an amount of 0.1 wt % to about 5 wt % of the composition;   d) an ashless dispersant; and   e) a salicylate detergent;   wherein the lubricating composition has total sulfated ash of 0.3 to 1.5 wt %.   
     
     
         2 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the ashless, sulfur-free, oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenolic compound comprises a hydrocarbyl group containing 1 to 220 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         3 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the ashless, sulfur-free, oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenolic is an oxyalkylated polyisobutylene phenolic compound. 
     
     
         4 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the ashless, sulfur-free, oxyalkylated group of the oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenolic compound has formula —(R 1 O) n —, wherein each R 1  is independently selected from the group consisting of an ethylene group, a propylene group, and a butylene group; and n may independently be from 1 to 50. 
     
     
         5 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the ashless, sulfur-free, oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenolic compound is represented by the formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 each R 2  may be independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; 
 
       R 3  may be hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or an acyl group represented by —C(═O)R 5 ;
 R 5  may be a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms; 
 each R 4  may be independently a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 220 carbon atoms; 
 n=1 to 20; and 
 m=1 to 3. 
 
     
     
         6 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the ashless, sulfur-free, oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenol is represented by the formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 each R 2  independently can be hydrogen or methyl; 
 R 3  may be hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or an acyl group represented by —C(═O)R 5 ; 
 R 5  may be a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms; 
 R 4  is a hydrocarbyl group of 20 to 200 carbon atoms; 
 n=1 to 20; and 
 m=1. 
 
     
     
         7 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the ashless, sulfur-free, oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenol is represented by the formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 each R 2  can independently be hydrogen or methyl; 
 R 3  may be hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or an acyl group represented by —C(═O)R 5 ; 
 R 5  may be a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms; 
 R 4  is a polyalk(en)yl group containing 35 to 140 carbon atoms; 
 n=1 to 20; and 
 m=1. 
 
     
     
         8 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the ashless, sulfur-free, oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenol is represented by the formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 each R 2  can independently be hydrogen or methyl; 
 R3 is hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or an acyl group represented by C(═O)R5; 
 R 4  is a polyisobutenyl group containing 35 to 140 carbon atoms; 
 R5 is a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms; 
 n=2 to 8; and 
 m=1. 
 
     
     
         9 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the ashless, sulfur-free, oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenol is represented by the formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         each R 2  independently can be hydrogen or methyl; 
         R 3  may be hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or an acyl group represented by —C(═O)R 5 ; 
         R 5  may be a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms; 
         R 4  is a hydrocarbyl group of 35 to 140 carbon atoms; and 
         n=1 to 20. 
       
     
     
         10 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the ashless, sulfur-free, oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenol is represented by the formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 4  is a polyolefinic group and wherein 
         each R 2  independently can be hydrogen or methyl; 
         R 3  may be hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or an acyl group represented by —C(═O)R 5 ; 
         R 5  may be a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms; and 
         n=1 to 20. 
       
     
     
         11 . The lubricating composition of  claim 10  wherein the polyolefinic group has a number average molecular weight of 350 to 2500. 
     
     
         12 . The lubricating composition of  claim 11 , wherein the polyolefinic group is a polyisobutenyl group. 
     
     
         13 . The lubricating composition of  claim 10 , wherein the polyolefinic group is a polypropenyl group. 
     
     
         14 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the ashless, sulfur-free, oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenolic compound is present in an amount of 0.1 wt % to about 3.0 wt % of the lubricating composition. 
     
     
         15 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the lubricating composition further comprises an antioxidant. 
     
     
         16 . The lubricating composition of  claim 15 , wherein the antioxidant is selected from a sulfurized olefin, a diarylamine, an alkylated diarlyamine, a molybdenum compound, a hydroxyl thioether, and a hindered phenol. 
     
     
         17 . The lubricating composition of  claim 16 , wherein the antioxidant is present in an amount of 0.1 wt % to 5.0 wt % of the lubricating composition. 
     
     
         18 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the ashless dispersant comprises a polyisobutylene succinimide dispersant and is present in the lubricant composition in an amount of from 0.5 wt % to 8.5 wt %. 
     
     
         19 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth metal sulfonate detergent is selected from the group consisting of calcium sulfonate detergents and magnesium sulfonate detergents. 
     
     
         20 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth metal sulfonate detergent is present to deliver from 3 and 10 KOH/kg (TBN) to the lubricating composition. 
     
     
         21 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the salicylate detergent is a calcium salicylate detergent. 
     
     
         22 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the ashless dispersant is a boron-containing dispersant. 
     
     
         23 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the total TBN of the lubricating composition is 5 to 15 KOH/kg. 
     
     
         24 . The lubricating composition of  claim 1 , wherein the phosphorus level is between about 0.04 and about 0.12 wt %. 
     
     
         25 . A method of lubricating an internal combustion engine, comprising supplying to the engine a lubricating composition according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the engine is a compression-ignition internal combustion engine. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein a vehicle powered by the compression-ignition internal combustion engine has a maximum laden mass over 3,500 kg. 
     
     
         28 . A method of lubricating a compression-ignition internal combustion engine comprising:
 providing a lubricating composition according to  claim 1  to the engine; and   lubricating the engine to provide at least one of (i) control of fuel economy, (ii) control of corrosion, and (iii) cleanliness.