Monolayer, composite, gas separation material, filter, gas separation device and method for manufacturing composite

Abstract

A monolayer membrane containing gelling polymer particles having at least one of a basic functional group and an acidic functional group, and having a thickness of less than 5 μm. A composite having a porous carrier and gelling polymer particles having at least any one of a basic functional group and an acidic functional group and filling up the surface pores of the porous carrier. The invention can provide a novel material capable of efficiently separating an acid gas from a mixed gas.

1 . A method of gas separation comprising supplying a mixed gas containing two or more gas components to a composite and allowing at least one gas component to selectively permeate the composite, wherein:
 the composite has a porous carrier having an open pore diameter of less than 0.5 μm and a monolayer membrane containing gelling polymer particles having at least one of a basic functional group and an acidic functional group, and   the gelling polymer particles fill up the surface pores of the porous carrier.   
     
     
         2 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the gelling polymer particles are constituted by a polymer of a monomer component containing a monomer having an amino group and a monomer having a hydrophobic group, and the molar ratio of the amino group-having monomer to the hydrophobic group-having monomer is 1/95 to 95/5. 
     
     
         3 . The method according to  claim 2 , wherein the amino group-having monomer is an N-(aminoalkyl)methacrylamide and the hydrophobic group-having monomer is an N-alkylacrylamide. 
     
     
         4 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the gelling polymer particles are particles of a polymer compound infiltrated with a basic molecule. 
     
     
         5 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the composite contains gelling polymer particles having an acidic functional group and gelling polymer particles having a basic functional group. 
     
     
         6 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein among the gelling polymer particles, a crosslinked structure is formed between at least a part of the gelling polymer particles. 
     
     
         7 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the monolayer membrane contains a membrane stabilizer containing a polyvinylamine or a polyvinylamine derivative. 
     
     
         8 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the composite contains a titanium crosslinking agent. 
     
     
         9 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the pore diameter of the surface pores gradually reduces toward the inside of the porous carrier. 
     
     
         10 . The method according to  claim 9 , wherein the porous carrier has an OH group in the surface thereof. 
     
     
         11 . The method according to  claim 9 , wherein the porous carrier has a COOH group in the surface thereof. 
     
     
         12 . The method according to  claim 9 , wherein the surface of the porous carrier is hydrophilized. 
     
     
         13 . The method according to  claim 9 , wherein the mean square roughness of the composite surface is 5 μm or less. 
     
     
         14 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the carbon dioxide permeance of the composite at 40° C. is 10 GPU or more and the nitrogen permeance of the composite at 40° C. is 100 GPU or less. 
     
     
         15 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein a plurality of the composites are connected in series.