Methods and systems for extracting a polysaccharide product from a microcrop and compositions thereof

Abstract

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to methods and systems for purifying proteins, carbohydrate rich products, and polysaccharide products from a microcrop (e.g., photosynthetic aquatic species) and compositions thereof. For example, the present disclosure relates, in some embodiments to methods and systems for extracting proteins, dry biocrude, carbohydrate-rich meal, and polysaccharide products from Lemna.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method of treating a biomass comprising a microcrop, the method comprising:
 lysing the biomass to form a lysed biomass;   separating the lysed biomass to generate a juice fraction and a solid fraction;   separating the solid fraction to generate a first solid and a second juice; and   extracting the first solid with an extraction solution to form a polysaccharide extract,
 wherein the extraction solution comprises an acid solution, an oxalic acid solution, an oxalate solution, or combinations thereof, and 
 wherein the polysaccharide extract comprises at least 30% (w/w) of an apiogalacturonan, an oligogalacturonide, a polygalacturonide, or a combination thereof. 
   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1  further comprising concentrating the polysaccharide extract to form a polysaccharide product, wherein the polysaccharide product comprises the apiogalacturonan, the oligogalacturonide, the polygalacturonide, or the combination thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein concentrating the polysaccharide extract consists of a process selected from evaporation, precipitation, dialysis, filtration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis filtration, centrifugation, dewatering, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the polysaccharide product comprises at least 80% (w/w) of the apiogalacturonan, the oligogalacturonide, the polygalacturonide, or the combination thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1  further comprising decoloring the biomass. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 5  further comprising concentrating the polysaccharide extract to form a polysaccharide product, wherein the polysaccharide product comprises the apiogalacturonan, the oligogalacturonide, the polygalacturonide, or the combination thereof. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein concentrating the polysaccharide extract consists of a process selected from evaporation, precipitation, dialysis, filtration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis filtration, centrifugation, dewatering, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein the polysaccharide product comprises at least 80% (w/w) of the apiogalacturonan, the oligogalacturonide, the polygalacturonide, or the combination thereof. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising washing the biomass with at least one of a first wash solution, a second wash solution, a third wash solution, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1  further comprising separating the juice fraction to generate a first juice and a first cake, and filtering the first juice to generate a soluble microcrop protein and a reject stream. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 10  further comprising:
 (1) separating the first cake, 
 (2) separating the second juice, or 
 separating the first cake and separating the second juice, in each case, to generate a third juice and a second cake; combining the second cake with the first solid prior to extracting the first solid with the extraction solution to form the polysaccharide extract. 
 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 10  further comprising subjecting the first juice to a polyphenol reduction process to generate a soluble microcrop protein having a reduced concentration of at least one polyphenol. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the microcrop comprises  Lemna.