System and method for disease risk assessment and treatment

Abstract

An apparatus for early detection of sepsis in a host is disclosed. The apparatus includes a first sensor to directly measure a glucose level, a second sensor to directly measure a lactate level and a third sensor to directly measure a tissue oxygen level. The first sensor, the second sensor, and the third sensor all being inserted at a single point of entry in a subcutaneous space of the host such that a predetermined correlation between the glucose level, lactate level, and tissue oxygen level signals conditions related to sepsis.

1 .- 20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . A system to enable risk assessment of the onset of sepsis, comprising:
 a sensor array placed within subcutaneous tissue via a single point of entry to continuously monitor analytes that are indicators of the onset of sepsis, the sensor array having a plurality of working electrodes, each of the plurality of working electrodes configured to measure a different analyte in real-time;   an electronics module having a processor, a memory and a bi-directional communications module, the electronic module coupling with the sensor array such that the processor calculates a risk score for the onset of sepsis based on characteristics of the different analytes, the risk score being transmitted and produced on a display;   wherein the sensor array includes working electrodes configured to measure lactate and tissue oxygen.   
     
     
         22 . The system of  claim 21 , wherein the sensor array further includes a working electrode configured to measure a third analyte in real-time. 
     
     
         23 . The system of  claim 22 , wherein the third analyte is glucose. 
     
     
         24 . The system of  claim 23 , wherein calculating the risk score includes calculating a ratio of the concentrations of any two of analytes being measured in real-time. 
     
     
         25 . A system to enable risk assessment of the onset of sepsis, comprising:
 a sensor array placed within subcutaneous tissue via a single point of entry to continuously monitor analytes that are indicators of the onset of sepsis, the sensor array having a plurality of working electrodes, the plurality of working electrodes configured to measure different analytes in real-time;   an electronics module having a processor, a memory and a bi-directional communications module, the electronic module coupling with the sensor array such that the processor calculates a risk score for the onset of sepsis based on characteristics of the different analytes measured by the working electrodes, the risk score being transmitted and produced on a display;   wherein the sensor array includes working electrodes that measure lactate and tissue oxygen and calculating the risk score includes relative weighting factors assigned to each of the analytes being measured, the relative weighting measurements being stored in the memory of the electronics module.   
     
     
         26 . The system of  claims 25 , wherein at least one of the relative weighting factors is automatically adjusted based on historical data acquired by the sensor array. 
     
     
         27 . The system of  claim 26 , wherein calculating the risk score includes rates of change of the real-time measurements. 
     
     
         28 . The system of  claim 27 , wherein calculating the risk score further includes assigning relative weighting factors to rates of change of the real-time measurements. 
     
     
         29 . The system of  claim 28 , wherein the relative weighting factors assigned to rates of change are different than the relative weighting factors assigned to each of the analytes being measured. 
     
     
         30 . The system of  claim 29 , wherein the sensor array further includes a working electrode configured to measure a third analyte in real-time. 
     
     
         31 . The system of  claim 30 , wherein calculating the risk score includes calculating a ratio of the concentrations of any two of analytes being measured in real-time. 
     
     
         32 . The system of  claim 31 , wherein calculating the risk score further includes other data not being obtained by the sensor array. 
     
     
         33 . A method for the early detection of sepsis in a host, comprising the operations of:
 inserting a sensor assembly capable of measuring a plurality of analytes in real-time, the sensor assembly being placed into subcutaneous tissue of the host via a single point of entry;   measuring a lactate level of the host;   measuring a tissue oxygen level of the host; and   determining a risk score for developing sepsis based on predetermined correlations between the plurality of analytes.   
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 33 , further including the operation of:
 measuring a glucose level of the host, wherein determining the risk scored for developing sepsis is based on predetermined correlations between at least two of the plurality of analytes.   
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein the predetermined correlations between the plurality of analytes includes calculating a ratio of concentrations of at least two of the plurality of analytes. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein the predetermined correlations between the plurality of analytes includes calculating a rate of change of concentrations of at least two of the plurality of analytes. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein the real-time measurements are continuously taken at predetermined intervals. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 37 , wherein the predetermined intervals are dynamically determined based on at least one of the real-time measurements from the sensor assembly. 
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 37 , wherein each analyte is measured at a different predetermined interval. 
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein calculating the risk score further includes other data not being obtained by the sensor array.