Immunocompatible amniotic membrane products

Abstract

Provided herein is a placental product comprising an immunocompatible amniotic membrane. Such placental products can be cryopreserved and contain viable therapeutic cells after thawing. The placental product of the present invention is useful in treating a patient with a tissue injury (e.g. wound or burn) by applying the placental product to the injury. Similar application is useful with ligament and tendon repair and for engraftment procedures such as bone engraftment.

1 . A method of repairing a ligament, tendon, or cartilage in need of repair, the method comprising applying a product comprising an amniotic membrane to at least a portion of the ligament, tendon, or cartilage, wherein the amniotic membrane comprises an epithelial cell layer, a basement layer, and a stromal layer, wherein the product does not include a chorionic membrane, and wherein the product does not contain viable cells. 
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the stromal layer includes a compact layer, a fibroblast layer, and a spongy layer. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the amniotic membrane releases tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) after being applied to the portion of the ligament, tendon, or cartilage. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein the amniotic membrane further releases insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) after being applied to the portion of the ligament, tendon, or cartilage. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the amniotic membrane further comprises extracellular matrix native to the amniotic membrane. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the product is less than 10 centimeter (cm)×10 cm in size. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the product is 2 centimeter (cm)×2 cm to 5 cm×5 cm in size. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the product is 5 centimeter (cm)×5 cm in size. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the product is 0.02 millimeter (mm) to 0.5 mm thick. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the product is immunoprivilaged. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein applying the product to at least a portion of the ligament, tendon, or cartilage comprises wrapping at least a portion of the ligament, tendon, or cartilage with the product. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein applying the product to at least a portion of the ligament, tendon, or cartilage comprises enveloping at least a portion of the ligament, tendon, or cartilage in the product. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein applying the product to at least a portion of the ligament, tendon, or cartilage comprises suturing at least a portion of the ligament, tendon, or cartilage to the product. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the ligament, tendon, or cartilage is a torn ligament, a tom tendon, or a torn cartilage. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the ligament is an ACL. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the tendon is a digitorum extensor tendon, a hamstring tendon, a bicep tendon, an Achilles tendon, an extensor tendon, or a rotator cuff tendon. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the cartilage is femoral condyle cartilage or tibial plateau cartilage. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the method of repairing is a surgical procedure selected from knee surgery, shoulder, leg surgery, arm surgery, elbow surgery, finger surgery, hand surgery, wrist surgery, toe surgery, foot surgery, or ankle surgery. 
     
     
         19 - 52 . (canceled)