Treatment and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

The methods and compositions described herein improve cardiovascular outcomes using measures related to systemic chronic inflammation (the inflammatory age—iAge, the cardiovascular age—cAge, and levels of certain markers) to stratify patients into low risk and high risk groups. The personalized immune proteome signature creates an individualized initial therapy to reduce cAge and to convert high risk patients into low risk patients. High risk patients can be converted to low risk patients by treating the patients to reduce their cAge, iAge and/or improve their CRS.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method of treating a subject, comprising the steps of: selecting a subject with a level of a cardiac marker outside of the lowest tertile for a chronological age of the subject; and administering an effective treatment for lowering the level of the cardiac marker. 
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the level of the cardiac marker is outside of the lowest quartile. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the level of the cardiac marker is outside of the lowest quintile. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the cardiac marker is a MIG. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the effective treatment comprises administering a CXCR3 antagonist. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein the CXCR3 antagonist is an antibody. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the effective treatment comprises administering an agent that reduces production of a MIG by endothelial cells. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein the agent is an arsenic trioxide, a Roxarsone, a Selenium, or an anti-MIG antibody. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the antibody is a mouse antibody that has been chimerized, humanized, or humaneered. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein the antibody has been modified with a protracting moiety. 
     
     
         11 . A method of treating a subject, comprising the steps of: selecting a subject with a level of a cardiac marker outside of the highest tertile for a chronological age of the subject; and administering an effective treatment for raising the level of the cardiac marker. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the level of the cardiac marker is outside of the highest quartile. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the level of the cardiac marker is outside of the highest quintile. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the cardiac marker is a LIF or a SIRT3. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the effective treatment comprises administering an agent that increases production of a SIRT3 by endothelial cells. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the agent is a berberine or a resveratrol. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the effective treatment comprises administering an agent that increases production of a LIF. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the agent is an Aminodarone, an arsenic trioxide, an Azathioprine, an Estradiol, a Chlorambucil, a Clomiphene, a Coumaphos, a Cyclosporine, a decitabine, a Cisplatin, a Vincristine, a Formaldehyde, a Glucose, a Hydrogen Peroxide, a letrozole, a Lindane, a Methotrexate, a Quercetin, an Oxyquinoline, a resorcinol, a resveratrol, a Silicon Dioxide, a Tretinoin, and a troglitazone. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the agent is a cytokine. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the cytokine is an IL-1α, an IL-1β, a TGF-β or a TNF-α.