US2022000353A1PendingUtilityA1
Novel vascular optical fiber guidewire
Est. expiryAug 9, 2039(~13 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Hua Shang
A61N 2005/0602G02B 6/14A61N 2005/063A61N 5/0601A61B 2018/2222A61N 5/067A61M 2025/09075A61M 25/09A61N 2005/0632A61B 1/07G02B 6/3624A61B 1/0623A61M 2205/0266A61B 2018/2205G02B 6/001A61M 2205/587A61B 1/063G02B 6/4415A61M 2205/0238
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Claims
Abstract
Disclosed is a novel vascular optical fiber guidewire. The vascular optical fiber guidewire includes a metal axial wire and an optical fiber surrounding the metal axial wire. The optical fiber includes a core wire and a cladding layer covering the core wire. For above vascular optical fiber guidewire, in a part of the optical guidewire that is required to transmit light, a bending radius of the optical fiber around the metal axial wire is greater than a critical bending radius, and in a region of the optical fiber guidewire that is required to scatter light, the bending radius of the optical fiber around the metal axial wire is less than the critical bending radius. The present disclosure is capable of entering a blood vessel by a percutaneous puncture technique, guiding the optical fiber guidewire through a medical imaging device in a blood vessel, and performing side-illumination on the head.
Claims
exact text as granted — not AI-modified1 . A side-illuminated vascular optical fiber guidewire, comprising
a light-conducting portion, wherein one end of the light-conducting portion is connected to a light-emitting portion; the light-emitting portion comprises a metal axial wire and an optical fiber surrounding the metal axial wire; the optical fiber comprises a core wire and a cladding layer covering the core wire.
2 . The vascular optical fiber guidewire according to claim 1 , wherein in the light-emitting portion, when a bending radius of the optical fiber around the metal axial wire is less than a critical bending radius, a light in the core wire may be scattered from a sidewall to achieve lighting.
3 . The vascular optical fiber guidewire according to claim 2 , wherein a bending loss of transmission power of the optical fiber due to a bending around the metal axial wire is an optical power of light exited from a bending side face;
a relationship between the bending loss of a single-mode fiber and the bending radius of the optical fiber is calculated according to formula I:
α
c
=
A
c
R
-
1
/
2
exp
(
-
U
R
)
;
formula
I
wherein
A
c
=
1
2
(
π
a
)
1
/
2
3
.
7
(
λ
C
λ
)
2
formula
I
-
1
U
≈
0
.
7
0
5
Δ
n
3
/
2
λ
(
2
.
7
4
8
-
0
.
9
9
6
λ
λ
c
)
3
formula
I
-
2
in the formula I, the formula I-1, the formula 1-2, α c represents the power loss per unit length of the optical fiber in dB; R represents the bending radius of the optical fiber in mm; A c represents parameters related to structure of the optical fiber in dB/m 1/2 ; a represents the radius of the core wire of the optical fiber in μm; λ c represents the cutoff wavelength of transmission of the optical fiber in nm; Δn represents the refractive index difference between the core wire and the cladding layer; and
in the formula I-1,
k
0
=
2
π
λ
,
k 0 is the vacuum wave number, where λ represents the transmission wavelength of the optical fiber;
λ
C
=
2
π
a
V
c
n
1
2
-
n
2
2
,
where n 1 and n 2 respectively represent the refractive index of the core wire and the refractive index of the cladding layer of the optical fiber; V c represents the cutoff frequency, and V c =2.40483.
4 . The vascular optical fiber guidewire according to claim 3 , wherein the bending radius of the optical fiber is related to an angle between a spiral line of the optical fiber and a side line of a cylinder that is formed by winding the spiral line with radius r, which is calculated according to formula II:
R
=
4
π
2
r
2
+
(
2
π
r
·
cot
(
θ
)
)
2
4
π
2
r
;
formula
II
in formula II, R represents the bending radius of the optical fiber, θ represents the angle between the spiral line and the side line of the cylinder, and r represents the winding radius of the spiral line of the optical fiber;
a relationship between a longitudinal length of the optical fiber and the angle between the spiral line of the optical fiber and the side line of the cylinder that is formed by winding the spiral line with radius r is calculated according to formula III:
ln
(
1
0
)
1
0
α
c
(
θ
(
z
)
)
·
cos
(
θ
(
z
)
)
·
(
-
s
0
·
z
+
s
1
)
=
-
s
0
;
formula
III
and
in formula III, z represents the longitudinal length of the optical fiber along the metal axis, θ represents the angle between the spiral line and the side line of the cylinder; α c represents the power loss per unit length of the single-mode fiber in dB; s 1 represents the initial power, s 0 represents the rate of power attenuation.
5 . The vascular optical fiber guidewire according to claim 4 , wherein when bringing θ(z) obtained from formula III into following formula IV, an optical power exited from the side face of the optical fiber is obtained:
P
(
z
)
=
s
0
ln
(
10
)
10
α
c
(
θ
(
z
)
)
·
cos
(
θ
(
z
)
)
formula
IV
wherein P(z) represents the optical power exited from the side face of the optical fiber, i.e., a distribution of the excited optical power on the longitudinal length of the optical fiber along the metal axis; z represents the longitudinal length of the optical fiber along the metal axis; θ represents the angle between the spiral line and the side line of the cylinder; α c represents the power loss per unit length of the single-mode fiber in dB.
6 . The vascular optical fiber guidewire according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein a pitch of the optical fiber to be set is calculated by bringing the angle between the spiral line and the side line of the cylinder obtained from formula II or formula III into formula V:
h= 2π r ·cot(θ) Formula V
wherein in formula V, h represents the pitch of the optical fiber, r represents a winding radius of the spiral line of the optical fiber, and θ represents the angle between the spiral line and the side line of the cylinder.
7 . The vascular optical fiber guidewire according to claim 1 , wherein a diameter of the metal axial wire may be 50 μm to 1 mm; a spiral groove is provided on the metal axial wire.
8 . The vascular optical fiber guidewire according to claim 1 , wherein a hole-like structure is provided on the metal axial wire; a layer of polymer sleeve is wrapped outside the optical fiber guidewire.
9 . The vascular optical fiber guidewire according to claim 8 , wherein the metal axial wire is provided with a longitudinal spiral groove on a side opposite to the spiral groove; a hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic coating is disposed outside the polymer sleeve.
10 . The vascular optical fiber guidewire according to claim 1 , wherein one end of the light-conducting portion is connected with the light-emitting portion and other end of the light-conducting portion is connected with a plug capable of connecting with a laser or other optical fibers.Join the waitlist — get patent alerts
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