High strength intraosseous implants

Abstract

The present invention enables modification of an intraosseous implant device that is not only biologically non-inert, but can stimulate bone and vascular growth; decrease localized inflammation; and fight local infections. The method of the present invention provides a fiber with any of the following modifications: (1) Nanofiber with PDGF, (2) Nanofiber with PDGF+BMP2, and (3) Nanofiber with BMP2 and Ag. Nanofiber can be modified with other growth factors that have been shown to improve bone growth and maturation—BMP and PDGF being the most common. Nanofiber can be applied on the surface of the implant in several ways. First, a spiral micro-notching can be applied on the implant in the same direction as the threads with the nanofibers embedded into the notches. Second, the entire surface of the implant may be coated with a mesh of nanofibers. Third, it can be a combination of both embedding and notching.

1 - 9 . (canceled) 
     
     
         10 . A threaded intraosseous implant, comprising:
 a cylindrical device having external threads extending from a root of the device along a helix angle with interspaces located between turns of said threads;   grooved surfaces comprising at least one microgroove at the interspaces between thread turns and oriented according to the helix angle of said threads;   nanofibers coating said grooved surfaces, said nanofibers substantially aligned with the helix angle of said threads,   wherein, said at least one microgroove is adapted to mitigate physiological loading of said nanofibers during insertion of said implant into biological bone.   
     
     
         11 . The threaded intraosseous implant according to  claim 24 , wherein said at least one microgroove exhibits a capacity to hold 18 layers of nanofibers. 
     
     
         12 . The threaded intraosseous implant of  claim 25 , wherein said nanofibers are adhered to said microgrooves. 
     
     
         13 . The threaded intraosseous implant of  claim 26 , further comprising tresyl chloride coupled with fibronectin (FN) coating said grooved surfaces; 
     
     
         14 . The threaded intraosseous implant of  claim 24 , wherein said intraosseous implant is adapted to attach a prosthesis to said biological bone. 
     
     
         15 . The threaded intraosseous implant according to  claim 24 , wherein said intraosseous implant is one of a hollow or solid screw device. 
     
     
         16 . A threaded intraosseous implant, comprising:
 a cylindrical device having external threads extending from a root of the device along a helix angle with interspaces located between turns of said threads;   grooved surfaces comprising at least two microgrooves at the interspaces between thread turns and oriented according to the helix angle of said threads;   nanofibers coating said grooved surfaces, said nanofibers substantially aligned with the helix angle of said threads,   wherein, said at least two microgrooves are adapted to mitigate physiological loading of said nanofibers during insertion of said intraosseous implant into biological bone, and wherein said intraosseous implant is adapted to attach a prosthesis to said biological bone.   
     
     
         17 . The threaded intraosseous implant according to claim  30 , wherein said at least two microgrooves exhibit a capacity to hold 18 layers of nanofibers where microgroove depth is 5 μm. 
     
     
         18 . The threaded intraosseous implant of claim  30 , further comprising tresyl chloride coupled with fibronectin (FN) coating said grooved surfaces. 
     
     
         19 . The threaded intraosseous implant of claim  30 , wherein said nanofibers further comprise a nanofiber matrix (NFM) adhering to said grooved surfaces. 
     
     
         20 . The medical intraosseous implant according to claim  30 , wherein said intraosseous implant is one of a hollow or solid screw device. 
     
     
         21 . A threaded intraosseous implant, comprising:
 a threaded cylindrical device and having an external thread extending from a root of the device along a helix angle with interspaces located between turns of the thread;   grooved surfaces comprising of two parallel microgrooves at the interspaces between the thread turns and oriented according to the helix angle of said thread to provide a helix angle of the microgrooves,   tresyl chloride coupled with fibronectin (FN) coating said grooved surfaces;   a nanofiber matrix (NFM) coating said grooved surfaces, said NFM substantially aligned with the helix angle of said microgrooves,   wherein, said NFM is adhered to said grooved surfaces of said intraosseous implant, and   wherein, said microgrooves are adapted to at least mitigate physiological loading of said NFM.   
     
     
         22 . The threaded intraosseous implant according to claim  35 , wherein said microgrooves exhibit a capacity to hold 18 layers of nanofibers where microgroove depth is at least 5 μm. 
     
     
         23 . The medical intraosseous implant according to claim  35 , wherein said NFM comprises 18 fiber layers, said layers deposited circumferentially along the helix angle of said microgrooves and shielded from applied loads. 
     
     
         24 . The threaded intraosseous implant of claim  35 , wherein said microgrooves are engraved to a depth of 5 μm, a width of 50 μm, and a spacing of 50 μm to 150 μm between said grooves at the interspace of said thread. 
     
     
         25 . The threaded intraosseous implant of claim  35 , further comprising attached collagen loaded with silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) or antimicrobial analogs thereof. 
     
     
         26 . The threaded intraosseous implant of claim  35 , wherein said NFM comprises at least one of growth factor or antibiotic-modified polycapronlectron (PCL) Electrospun Nanofibers (ENFs), said PCL-ENF combined with at least any of Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2), PDGF+BMP2, or BMP2 and silver (Ag). 
     
     
         27 . The threaded intraosseous implant of claim  35 , wherein said intraosseous implant is adapted for insertion in biological bone, and further adapted to attach a prosthesis to said biological bone. 
     
     
         28 . The threaded intraosseous implant according to claim  35 , wherein said intraosseous implant further comprises Titanium or analogs thereof. 
     
     
         29 . The threaded intraosseous implant according to claim  35 , wherein said intraosseous implant is one of a hollow or solid screw device.