Digital apparatus and application for treating myopia

Abstract

Systems and methods for treating myopia are provided. A system may include a digital apparatus, which may include a digital instruction generation unit configured to generate digital therapeutic modules for treating myopia based on a mechanism of action (MOA) in and a therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia, generate specified digital instructions based on the digital therapeutic modules and provide the digital instructions to a first user, and an outcome collection unit configured to collect the first user's execution outcomes of the digital instructions. The system may also include a healthcare provider portal for a healthcare provider to manage their patients and/or an administrative portal.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A system for treating myopia, comprising:
 a digital apparatus configured to execute a digital application for treating myopia in a subject;   a healthcare provider portal configured to provide one or more options to a healthcare provider to perform one or more tasks to prescribe treatment for the myopia in the subject based on information received from the digital application; and   an administrative portal configured to provide one or more options to an administrator of the system to perform one or more tasks to manage access to the system by the healthcare provider.   
     
     
         2 . The system of  claims 1 , wherein the digital application for treating myopia instructs a processor of the digital apparatus to execute operations comprising:
 generating digital therapeutic modules for treating myopia based on a mechanism of action in and a therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia.   
     
     
         3 . The system of  claim 2 , wherein the generating of the digital therapeutic modules comprises generating the digital therapeutic modules based on neurohumoral factors related to the myopia onset. 
     
     
         4 . The system of any one of  claims 2 - 3 , wherein the operations further comprise generating a calibration module for calibrating one or more of an accuracy of measurement of the subject's eye position, and a light environment. 
     
     
         5 . The system of any one of  claims 4 , wherein the calibration module is generated prior to generating the digital therapeutic modules. 
     
     
         6 . The system of  claim 4 , wherein the accuracy of measurement of the subject's eye position is calibrated, and said calibrating the accuracy of measurement of the subject's eye position comprises one or more of instructing the subject to position their face to appear on a screen of the digital apparatus, detecting the subject's eyes for a given period of time, instructing the subject to blink their eyes, detecting if the subject blinked their eyes, instructing the subject to stare at the screen, instructing the subject to move their eyes in a given direction or rotate their eyes, and determining a threshold for detecting the subject's eyes. 
     
     
         7 . The system of  claim 6 , wherein the digital apparatus comprises one or more sensors for tracking movement of the subject's eyeball. 
     
     
         8 . The system of  claim 4 , wherein the accuracy of measurement of the light environment is calibrated, and said calibrating the light environment comprises one or more of detecting light in the subject's environment using a light sensor of the digital apparatus, and instructing the subject to turn on one or more lights in their environment. 
     
     
         9 . The system of any one of  claims 1 - 8 , wherein the digital application for treating myopia instructs a processor of the digital apparatus to execute operations comprising:
 generating digital therapeutic modules for treating myopia based on a mechanism of action in and a therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia;   generating digital instructions based on the digital therapeutic modules;   providing the digital instruction to a subject; and   collecting the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions.   
     
     
         10 . The system of  claim 9 , wherein the generating of the digital instructions and the collecting of the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions are repeatedly executed several with multiple feedback loops, and
 the generating of the digital instructions comprises generating the subject's digital instructions for this cycle based on the subject's digital instructions in the previous cycle and the collected execution outcome data on the subject's digital instructions provided in the previous cycle.   
     
     
         11 . The system of  claim 9 , wherein the collecting the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions comprises determining one or both of an exercise intensity (EI) and an average exercise intensity (AEI). 
     
     
         12 . The system of  claim 11 , wherein AEI is determined as an averaged sum of differences between a final location of an eyeball of the subject and a starting location of the eyeball measured at a given interval. 
     
     
         13 . The system of  claim 12 , wherein the interval is between about 10 milliseconds (ms) and about 500 ms. 
     
     
         14 . The system of any one of  claims 11 - 13 , wherein the EI is determined according the formula: 
       
         
           
             
               EI 
               = 
               
                 
                   AEI 
                   × 
                   100 
                 
                 145 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     
         15 . The system of any one of  claims 11 - 14 , wherein the AEI is determined as a sum of static AEI and dynamic AEI. 
     
     
         16 . The system of any one of  claims 2 - 15 , wherein the generating of the digital therapeutic modules comprises generating the digital therapeutic modules by applying imaginary parameters about the subject's environments, behaviors, emotions, and cognition to the mechanism of action in and the therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia. 
     
     
         17 . The system of any one of  claims 1 - 16 , wherein the digital application for treating myopia instructs a processor of the digital apparatus to generate digital therapeutic modules comprising two or more modules selected from the group consisting of an eye exercise module, a relaxation module, and a light therapy module. 
     
     
         18 . The system of  claim 17 , wherein
 the eye exercise module comprises one or more exercise instructions for one or more of: eyeball exercise instructions, biofeedback control instructions, and eyeball-related behavior control instructions;   the relaxation module comprises one or more relaxation instructions for one or more of: physical exercise instructions, ego enhancement instructions, safety feeling instructions, comfort feeling instructions, and fun instructions; and   the light therapy module comprises one or more light therapy instructions for controlling a light environment of the subject.   
     
     
         19 . The system of  claim 18 , wherein the one or more relaxation instructions comprise one or more of playing a sound or song, inducing blinking, and instructing the subject to perform gymnastics. 
     
     
         20 . The system of any one of  claims 17 - 19 , wherein the digital therapeutic modules further comprise an accomplishment module comprising one or more accomplishment instructions for task accomplishment and for providing compensation for the subject's adherence to the instructions of the two or more first modules. 
     
     
         21 . The system of any one of  claims 17 - 20 , wherein the digital therapeutic modules further comprise a fun module comprising one or more fun instructions for music, games, or videos. 
     
     
         22 . The system of any one of  claims 1 - 21 , wherein the one or more options provided to the healthcare provider are selected from the group consisting of adding or removing the subject, viewing or editing personal information for the subject, viewing adherence information for the subject, viewing a result of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital therapeutic modules, prescribing one or more digital therapeutic modules to the subject, altering a prescription for one or more digital therapeutic modules, and communicating with the subject. 
     
     
         23 . The system of  claim 22 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing or editing personal information for the subject, and the personal information comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject, a name of the subject, a date of birth of the subject, an email of the subject, an email of the guardian of the subject, a contact phone number for the subject, a prescription for the subject, and one or more notes made by the healthcare provider about the subject. 
     
     
         24 . The system of  claim 23 , wherein the personal information comprises the prescription for the subject, and the prescription for the subject comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a prescription identification number, a prescription type, a start date, a duration, a completion date, a number of scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules to be performed by the subject, and a number of scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules to be performed by the subject per day. 
     
     
         25 . The system of  claim 22 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing the adherence information, and the adherence information of the subject comprises one or more of a number of scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules completed by the subject, and a calendar identifying one or more days on which the subject completed, partially completed, or did not complete one or more scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules. 
     
     
         26 . The system of  claim 22 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing the result of the subject, and the result of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital therapeutic modules comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a time at which the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module, a time at which the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module, an indicator of whether the scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module was fully or partially completed, and an exercise intensity (EI). 
     
     
         27 . The system of any one of  claims 1 - 26 , wherein the one or more options provided to the administrator of the system are selected from the group consisting of adding or removing the healthcare provider, viewing or editing personal information for the healthcare provider, viewing or editing de-identified information of the subject, viewing adherence information for the subject, viewing a result of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital therapeutic modules, and communicating with the healthcare provider. 
     
     
         28 . The system of  claim 27 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing or editing the personal information, and the personal information of the healthcare provider comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the healthcare provider, a name of the healthcare provider, an email of the healthcare provider, and a contact phone number for the healthcare provider. 
     
     
         29 . The system of  claim 27  or  28 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing or editing the de-identified information of the subject, and the de-identified information of the subject comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject, and the healthcare provider for the subject. 
     
     
         30 . The system of any one of  claims 27 - 29 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing the adherence information for the subject, and the adherence information of the subject comprises one or more of a number of scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules completed by the subject, and a calendar identifying one or more days on which the subject completed, partially completed, or did not complete one or more scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules. 
     
     
         31 . The system of any one of  claims 27 - 30 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing the result of the subject, and the result of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital therapeutic modules comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a time at which the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module, a time at which the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module, an indicator of whether the scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module was fully or partially completed, and an exercise intensity (D). 
     
     
         32 . The system of any one of  claims 1 - 31 , wherein the digital application further comprises a push alarm for one or more of reminding the subject complete a digital therapeutic module and adjusting the light settings of the subject's environment. 
     
     
         33 . The system of  claim 32 , wherein the push alarm is activated to remind the subject to adjust the light settings such that the subject is exposed to sufficiently bright light at least 3 times per day. 
     
     
         34 . The system of any one of  claims 1 - 33 , wherein the subject is a child. 
     
     
         35 . The system of  claim 34 , wherein the subject is less than about 20 years old, less than about 15 years old, less than about 10 years old, or less than about 5 years old. 
     
     
         36 . The system of any one of  claims 1 - 35 , wherein the subject is assisted or supervised by an adult. 
     
     
         37 . The system of any one of  claims 1 - 36 , wherein the digital apparatus comprises:
 a digital instruction generation unit configured to generate digital therapeutic modules for treating myopia based on a mechanism of action (MOA) in and a therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia, generate digital instructions based on the digital therapeutic modules, and provide the digital instructions to the subject; and   an outcome collection unit configured to collect the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions.   
     
     
         38 . The system of  claim 37 , wherein the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital therapeutic modules based on neurohumoral factors related to the myopia onset. 
     
     
         39 . The system of  claim 38 , wherein the neurohumoral factors comprise insulin-like growth factor (IGF), cortisol, and dopamine. 
     
     
         40 . The system of any one of  claims 37 - 39 , wherein the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital therapeutic modules based on the inputs from the healthcare provider. 
     
     
         41 . The system of any one of  claims 37 - 40 , wherein the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital therapeutic modules based on information received from the subject. 
     
     
         42 . The system of  claim 41 , wherein the information is received from the subject comprises at least one of basal factors, medical information, and digital therapeutics literacy of the subject,
 the basal factors including the subject's activity, heart rate, sleep, and diet (including nutrition and calories),   the medical information including the subj ect's electronic medical record (EMR), family history, genetic vulnerability, and genetic susceptibility, and   the digital therapeutics literacy including the subject's accessibility, and technology adoption to the digital therapeutics and the apparatus.   
     
     
         43 . The system of any one of  claims 37 - 42 , wherein the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital therapeutic modules matching to imaginary parameters which correspond to the mechanism of action in and the therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia. 
     
     
         44 . The system of  claim 43 , wherein the imaginary parameters are deduced in relation to the subject's environment, behaviors, emotions, and cognition. 
     
     
         45 . The system of any one of  claims 37 - 44 , wherein the outcome collection unit collects the execution outcomes of the digital instructions by monitoring the subject's adherence to the digital instructions or allowing the subject to directly input the subject's adherence to the digital instructions. 
     
     
         46 . The system of any one of  claims 37 - 45 , wherein the generation of the digital instructions at the digital instruction generation unit and the collection of the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions at the outcome collection unit are repeatedly executed several times with multiple feedback loops, and
 the digital instruction generation unit generates the subject's digital instructions for this cycle based on the subject's digital instructions in the previous cycle and the execution outcome data on the subject's digital instructions in the previous cycle collected at the outcome collection unit.   
     
     
         47 . A method of treating myopia in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising:
 providing, by a digital apparatus to the subject, a digital application comprising modules for treating myopia based on a mechanism of action in and a therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia, each of the modules comprising one or more first instructions for the subject to follow,   wherein the digital apparatus (i) comprises a sensor sensing adherence by the subject to the one or more first instructions of the modules, (ii) transmits adherence information, based on the adherence, to a server accessible by a healthcare provider through a healthcare provider portal, and (iii) receives one or more second instructions from the healthcare provider based on the adherence information.   
     
     
         48 . The method of  claim 47 , wherein the digital application for treating myopia instructs a processor of the digital apparatus to execute operations comprising:
 generating digital therapeutic modules for treating myopia based on a mechanism of action in and a therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia.   
     
     
         49 . The method of  claim 48 , wherein the generating of the digital therapeutic modules comprises generating the digital therapeutic modules based on neurohumoral factors related to the myopia onset. 
     
     
         50 . The method of  claim 48  or  49 , wherein the operations further comprise generating a calibration module for calibrating one or more of an accuracy of measurement of the subject's eye position, and a light environment. 
     
     
         51 . The method of  claim 50 , wherein the calibration module is generated prior to generating the digital therapeutic modules. 
     
     
         52 . The method of  claim 50  or  51 , wherein the accuracy of measurement of the subject's eye position is calibrated, and said calibrating the accuracy of measurement of the subject's eye position comprises one or more of instructing the subject to position their face to appear on a screen of the digital apparatus, detecting the subject's eyes for a given period of time, instructing the subject to blink their eyes, detecting if the subject blinked their eyes, instructing the subject to stare at the screen, instructing the subject to move their eyes in a given direction or rotate their eyes, and determining a threshold for detecting the subject's eyes. 
     
     
         53 . The method of  claim 52 , wherein the digital apparatus comprises one or more sensors for tracking movement of the subject's eyeball. 
     
     
         54 . The method of any one of  claims 50 - 53 , wherein the accuracy of measurement of the light environment is calibrated, and said calibrating the light environment comprises one or more of detecting light in the subject's environment using a light sensor of the digital apparatus, and instructing the subject to turn on one or more lights in their environment. 
     
     
         55 . The method of any one of  claims 47 - 54 , wherein the digital application for treating myopia instructs a processor of the digital apparatus to execute operations comprising:
 generating digital therapeutic modules for treating myopia based on a mechanism of action in and a therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia;   generating digital instructions based on the digital therapeutic modules;   providing the digital instruction to a subject; and   collecting the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions.   
     
     
         56 . The method of  claim 55 , wherein the generating of the digital instructions and the collecting of the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions are repeatedly executed several with multiple feedback loops, and
 the generating of the digital instructions comprises generating the subject's digital instructions for this cycle based on the subject's digital instructions in the previous cycle and the collected execution outcome data on the subject's digital instructions provided in the previous cycle.   
     
     
         57 . The method of  claim 55  or  56 , wherein the collecting the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions comprises determining one or both of an exercise intensity (EI) and an average exercise intensity (AEI). 
     
     
         58 . The method of  claim 57 , wherein AEI is determined as an averaged sum of differences between a final location of an eyeball of the subject and a starting location of the eyeball measured at a given interval. 
     
     
         59 . The method of  claim 58 , wherein the interval is between about 10 milliseconds (ms) and about 500 ms. 
     
     
         60 . The method of any one of  claims 57 - 59 , wherein the EI is determined according the formula: 
       
         
           
             
               EI 
               = 
               
                 
                   AEI 
                   × 
                   100 
                 
                 145 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     
         61 . The method of any one of  claims 57 - 60 , wherein the AEI is determined as a sum of static AEI and dynamic AEI. 
     
     
         62 . The method of any one of  claims 48 - 61 , wherein the generating of the digital therapeutic modules comprises generating the digital therapeutic modules by applying imaginary parameters about the subject's environments, behaviors, emotions, and cognition to the mechanism of action in and the therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia. 
     
     
         63 . The method of any one of  claims 47 - 62 , wherein the digital application for treating myopia instructs a processor of the digital apparatus to generate digital therapeutic modules comprising two or more modules selected from the group consisting of an eye exercise module, a relaxation module, and a light therapy module. 
     
     
         64 . The method of  claim 63 , wherein
 the eye exercise module comprises one or more exercise instructions for one or more of: eyeball exercise instructions, biofeedback control instructions, and eyeball-related behavior control instructions;   the relaxation module comprises one or more relaxation instructions for one or more of: physical exercise instructions, ego enhancement instructions, safety feeling instructions, comfort feeling instructions, and fun instructions; and   the light therapy module comprises one or more light therapy instructions for controlling a light environment of the subject.   
     
     
         65 . The method of  claim 64 , wherein the one or more relaxation instructions comprise one or more of playing a sound or song, inducing blinking, and instructing the subject to perform gymnastics. 
     
     
         66 . The method of any one of  claims 63 - 65 , wherein the digital therapeutic modules further comprise an accomplishment module comprising one or more accomplishment instructions for task accomplishment and for providing compensation for the subject's adherence to the instructions of the two or more first modules. 
     
     
         67 . The method of any one of  claims 63 - 66 , wherein the digital therapeutic modules further comprise a fun module comprising one or more fun instructions for music, games, or videos. 
     
     
         68 . The method of any one of  claims 47 - 67 , wherein the healthcare provider portal is configured to provide one or more options to the healthcare provider to perform one or more tasks to prescribe treatment for the myopia in the subject based on the adherence information, wherein the one or more options provided to the healthcare provider are selected from the group consisting of adding or removing the subject, viewing or editing personal information for the subject, viewing adherence information for the subject, viewing a result of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital therapeutic modules, prescribing one or more digital therapeutic modules to the subject, altering a prescription for one or more digital therapeutic modules, and communicating with the subject. 
     
     
         69 . The method of  claim 68 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing or editing personal information for the subject, and the personal information comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject, a name of the subject, a date of birth of the subject, an email of the subject, an email of the guardian of the subject, a contact phone number for the subject, a prescription for the subject, and one or more notes made by the healthcare provider about the subject. 
     
     
         70 . The method of  claim 69 , wherein the personal information comprises the prescription for the subject, and the prescription for the subject comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a prescription identification number, a prescription type, a start date, a duration, a completion date, a number of scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules to be performed by the subject, and a number of scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules to be performed by the subject per day. 
     
     
         71 . The method of  claim 68  or  69 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing the adherence information, and the adherence information of the subject comprises one or more of a number of scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules completed by the subject, and a calendar identifying one or more days on which the subject completed, partially completed, or did not complete one or more scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules. 
     
     
         72 . The method of any one of  claims 68 - 71 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing the result of the subject, and the result of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital therapeutic modules comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a time at which the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module, a time at which the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module, an indicator of whether the scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module was fully or partially completed, and an exercise intensity (EI). 
     
     
         73 . The method of any one of  claims 47 - 72 , wherein the server is accessible by an administrator through an administrative portal configured to provide one or more options to an administrator of the system to perform one or more tasks to manage access to the system by the healthcare provider, and wherein the one or more options provided to the administrator of the method are selected from the group consisting of adding or removing the healthcare provider, viewing or editing personal information for the healthcare provider, viewing or editing de-identified information of the subject, viewing adherence information for the subject, viewing a result of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital therapeutic modules, and communicating with the healthcare provider. 
     
     
         74 . The method of  claim 73 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing or editing the personal information, and the personal information of the healthcare provider comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the healthcare provider, a name of the healthcare provider, an email of the healthcare provider, and a contact phone number for the healthcare provider. 
     
     
         75 . The method of  claim 73  or  74 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing or editing the de-identified information of the subject, and the de-identified information of the subject comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject, and the healthcare provider for the subject. 
     
     
         76 . The method of any one of  claims 73 - 75 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing the adherence information for the subject, and the adherence information of the subject comprises one or more of a number of scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules completed by the subject, and a calendar identifying one or more days on which the subject completed, partially completed, or did not complete one or more scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules. 
     
     
         77 . The method of any one of  claims 73 - 76 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing the result of the subject, and the result of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital therapeutic modules comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a time at which the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module, a time at which the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module, an indicator of whether the scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module was fully or partially completed, and an exercise intensity (EI). 
     
     
         78 . The method of any one of  claims 47 - 77 , wherein the digital application further comprises a push alarm for one or more of reminding the subject complete a digital therapeutic module and adjusting the light settings of the subject's environment. 
     
     
         79 . The method of  claim 78 , wherein the push alarm is activated to remind the subject to adjust the light settings such that the subject is exposed to sufficiently bright light at least 3 times per day. 
     
     
         80 . The method of any one of  claims 47 - 79 , wherein the subject is a child. 
     
     
         81 . The method of  claim 80 , wherein the subject is less than about 20 years old, less than about 15 years old, less than about 10 years old, or less than about 5 years old. 
     
     
         82 . The method of any one of  claims 47 - 81 , wherein the subject is assisted or supervised by an adult. 
     
     
         83 . The method of any one of  claims 47 - 82 , wherein the digital apparatus comprises:
 a digital instruction generation unit configured to generate digital therapeutic modules for treating myopia based on a mechanism of action (MOA) in and a therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia, generate digital instructions based on the digital therapeutic modules, and provide the digital instructions to the subject; and   an outcome collection unit configured to collect the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions.   
     
     
         84 . The method of  claim 83 , wherein the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital therapeutic modules based on neurohumoral factors related to the myopia onset. 
     
     
         85 . The method of  claim 84 , wherein the neurohumoral factors comprise insulin-like growth factor (IGF), cortisol, and dopamine. 
     
     
         86 . The method of any one of  claims 83 - 85 , wherein the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital therapeutic modules based on the inputs from the healthcare provider. 
     
     
         87 . The method of any one of  claims 83 - 86 , wherein the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital therapeutic modules based on information received from the subject. 
     
     
         88 . The method of  claim 87 , wherein the information is received from the subject comprises at least one of basal factors, medical information, and digital therapeutics literacy of the subject,
 the basal factors including the subject's activity, heart rate, sleep, and diet (including nutrition and calories),   the medical information including the subject's electronic medical record (EMR), family history, genetic vulnerability, and genetic susceptibility, and   the digital therapeutics literacy including the subject's accessibility, and technology adoption to the digital therapeutics and the apparatus.   
     
     
         89 . The method of any one of  claims 83 - 88 , wherein the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital therapeutic modules matching to imaginary parameters which correspond to the mechanism of action in and the therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia. 
     
     
         90 . The method of  claim 89 , wherein the imaginary parameters are deduced in relation to the subject's environment, behaviors, emotions, and cognition. 
     
     
         91 . The method of any one of  claims 83 - 90 , wherein the outcome collection unit collects the execution outcomes of the digital instructions by monitoring the subject's adherence to the digital instructions or allowing the subject to directly input the subject's adherence to the digital instructions. 
     
     
         92 . The method of any one of  claims 83 - 91 , wherein the generation of the digital instructions at the digital instruction generation unit and the collection of the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions at the outcome collection unit are repeatedly executed several times with multiple feedback loops, and
 the digital instruction generation unit generates the subject's digital instructions for this cycle based on the subject's digital instructions in the previous cycle and the execution outcome data on the subject's digital instructions in the previous cycle collected at the outcome collection unit.   
     
     
         93 . A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon software instructions for treating myopia in a subject in need thereof that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:
 display, by an digital apparatus to the subject, modules for treating myopia based on a mechanism of action in and a therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia, each of the modules comprising one or more instructions for the subject to follow;   sense, by a sensor in the digital apparatus, adherence by the subject to the instructions of the modules;   transmit, by the digital apparatus, adherence information, based on the adherence, to a server accessible by a healthcare provider through a healthcare provider portal; and   receive, from the server, one or more second instructions from the healthcare provider.   
     
     
         94 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 93 , wherein the digital application for treating myopia instructs a processor of the digital apparatus to execute operations comprising:
 generating digital therapeutic modules for treating myopia based on a mechanism of action in and a therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia.   
     
     
         95 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 94 , wherein the generating of the digital therapeutic modules comprises generating the digital therapeutic modules based on neurohumoral factors related to the myopia onset. 
     
     
         96 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 94  or  95 , wherein the operations further comprise generating a calibration module for calibrating one or more of an accuracy of measurement of the subject's eye position, and a light environment. 
     
     
         97 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 96 , wherein the calibration module is generated prior to generating the digital therapeutic modules. 
     
     
         98 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 96 , or  97  wherein the accuracy of measurement of the subject's eye position is calibrated, and said calibrating the accuracy of measurement of the subject's eye position comprises one or more of instructing the subject to position their face to appear on a screen of the digital apparatus, detecting the subject's eyes for a given period of time, instructing the subject to blink their eyes, detecting if the subject blinked their eyes, instructing the subject to stare at the screen, instructing the subject to move their eyes in a given direction or rotate their eyes, and determining a threshold for detecting the subject's eyes. 
     
     
         99 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 98 , wherein the digital apparatus comprises one or more sensors for tracking movement of the subject's eyeball. 
     
     
         100 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 96 - 99 , wherein the accuracy of measurement of the light environment is calibrated, and said calibrating the light environment comprises one or more of detecting light in the subject's environment using a light sensor of the digital apparatus, and instructing the subject to turn on one or more lights in their environment. 
     
     
         101 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 93 - 100 , wherein the digital application for treating myopia instructs a processor of the digital apparatus to execute operations comprising:
 generating digital therapeutic modules for treating myopia based on a mechanism of action in and a therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia;   generating digital instructions based on the digital therapeutic modules;   providing the digital instruction to a subject; and   collecting the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions.   
     
     
         102 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 101 , wherein the generating of the digital instructions and the collecting of the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions are repeatedly executed several with multiple feedback loops, and
 the generating of the digital instructions comprises generating the subject's digital instructions for this cycle based on the subject's digital instructions in the previous cycle and the collected execution outcome data on the subject's digital instructions provided in the previous cycle.   
     
     
         103 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 101  or  102 , wherein the collecting the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions comprises determining one or both of an exercise intensity (EI) and an average exercise intensity (AEI). 
     
     
         104 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 103 , wherein AEI is determined as an averaged sum of differences between a final location of an eyeball of the subject and a starting location of the eyeball measured at a given interval. 
     
     
         105 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 104 , wherein the interval is between about 10 milliseconds (ms) and about 500 ms. 
     
     
         106 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 103 - 105 , wherein the EI is determined according the formula: 
       
         
           
             
               EI 
               = 
               
                 
                   AEI 
                   × 
                   100 
                 
                 145 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     
         107 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 103 - 106 , wherein the AEI is determined as a sum of static AEI and dynamic AEI. 
     
     
         108 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 94 - 107 , wherein the generating of the digital therapeutic modules comprises generating the digital therapeutic modules by applying imaginary parameters about the subject's environments, behaviors, emotions, and cognition to the mechanism of action in and the therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia. 
     
     
         109 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 93 - 108 , wherein the digital application for treating myopia instructs a processor of the digital apparatus to generate digital therapeutic modules comprising two or more modules selected from the group consisting of an eye exercise module, a relaxation module, and a light therapy module. 
     
     
         110 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 109 , wherein
 the eye exercise module comprises one or more exercise instructions for one or more of: eyeball exercise instructions, biofeedback control instructions, and eyeball-related behavior control instructions;   the relaxation module comprises one or more relaxation instructions for one or more of: physical exercise instructions, ego enhancement instructions, safety feeling instructions, comfort feeling instructions, and fun instructions; and   the light therapy module comprises one or more light therapy instructions for controlling a light environment of the subject.   
     
     
         111 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 110 , wherein the one or more relaxation instructions comprise one or more of playing a sound or song, inducing blinking, and instructing the subject to perform gymnastics. 
     
     
         112 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 109 - 111 , wherein the digital therapeutic modules further comprise an accomplishment module comprising one or more accomplishment instructions for task accomplishment and for providing compensation for the subject's adherence to the instructions of the two or more first modules. 
     
     
         113 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 109 - 112 , wherein the digital therapeutic modules further comprise a fun module comprising one or more fun instructions for music, games, or videos. 
     
     
         114 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 93 - 113 , wherein the healthcare provider portal is configured to provide one or more options to the healthcare provider to perform one or more tasks to prescribe treatment for the myopia in the subject based on the adherence information, wherein the one or more options provided to the healthcare provider are selected from the group consisting of adding or removing the subject, viewing or editing personal information for the subject, viewing adherence information for the subject, viewing a result of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital therapeutic modules, prescribing one or more digital therapeutic modules to the subject, altering a prescription for one or more digital therapeutic modules, and communicating with the subject. 
     
     
         115 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 114 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing or editing personal information for the subject, and the personal information comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject, a name of the subject, a date of birth of the subject, an email of the subject, an email of the guardian of the subject, a contact phone number for the subject, a prescription for the subject, and one or more notes made by the healthcare provider about the subject. 
     
     
         116 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 115 , wherein the personal information comprises the prescription for the subject, and the prescription for the subject comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a prescription identification number, a prescription type, a start date, a duration, a completion date, a number of scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules to be performed by the subject, and a number of scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules to be performed by the subject per day. 
     
     
         117 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 114 - 116 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing the adherence information, and the adherence information of the subject comprises one or more of a number of scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules completed by the subject, and a calendar identifying one or more days on which the subject completed, partially completed, or did not complete one or more scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules. 
     
     
         118 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 114 - 117 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing the result of the subject, and the result of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital therapeutic modules comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a time at which the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module, a time at which the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module, an indicator of whether the scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module was fully or partially completed, and an exercise intensity (D). 
     
     
         119 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 93 - 118 , wherein the server is accessible by an administrator through an administrative portal configured to provide one or more options to an administrator of the system to perform one or more tasks to manage access to the system by the healthcare provider, and wherein the one or more options provided to the administrator of the method are selected from the group consisting of adding or removing the healthcare provider, viewing or editing personal information for the healthcare provider, viewing or editing de-identified information of the subject, viewing adherence information for the subject, viewing a result of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital therapeutic modules, and communicating with the healthcare provider. 
     
     
         120 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 119 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing or editing the personal information, and the personal information of the healthcare provider comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the healthcare provider, a name of the healthcare provider, an email of the healthcare provider, and a contact phone number for the healthcare provider. 
     
     
         121 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 119  or  120 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing or editing the de-identified information of the subject, and the de-identified information of the subject comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject, and the healthcare provider for the subject. 
     
     
         122 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 119 - 121 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing the adherence information for the subject, and the adherence information of the subject comprises one or more of a number of scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules completed by the subject, and a calendar identifying one or more days on which the subject completed, partially completed, or did not complete one or more scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic modules. 
     
     
         123 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 119 - 122 , wherein the one or more options comprise the viewing the result of the subject, and the result of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital therapeutic modules comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a time at which the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module, a time at which the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module, an indicator of whether the scheduled or prescribed digital therapeutic module was fully or partially completed, and an exercise intensity (D). 
     
     
         124 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 93 - 123 , wherein the digital application further comprises a push alarm for one or more of reminding the subject complete a digital therapeutic module and adjusting the light settings of the subject's environment. 
     
     
         125 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 93 - 124 , wherein the push alarm is activated to remind the subject to adjust the light settings such that the subject is exposed to sufficiently bright light at least 3 times per day. 
     
     
         126 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 93 - 125 , wherein the subject is a child. 
     
     
         127 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 126 , wherein the subject is less than about 20 years old, less than about 15 years old, less than about 10 years old, or less than about 5 years old. 
     
     
         128 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 93 - 127 , wherein the subject is assisted or supervised by an adult. 
     
     
         129 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 93 - 128 , wherein
 the digital apparatus comprises:   a digital instruction generation unit configured to generate digital therapeutic modules for treating myopia based on a mechanism of action (MOA) in and a therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia, generate digital instructions based on the digital therapeutic modules, and provide the digital instructions to the subject; and   an outcome collection unit configured to collect the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions.   
     
     
         130 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 129 , wherein the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital therapeutic modules based on neurohumoral factors related to the myopia onset. 
     
     
         131 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 130 , wherein the neurohumoral factors comprise insulin-like growth factor (IGF), cortisol, and dopamine. 
     
     
         132 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 129 - 131 , wherein the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital therapeutic modules based on the inputs from the healthcare provider. 
     
     
         133 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 129 - 132 , wherein the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital therapeutic modules based on information received from the subject. 
     
     
         134 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 133 , wherein the information is received from the subject comprises at least one of basal factors, medical information, and digital therapeutics literacy of the subject,
 the basal factors including the subject's activity, heart rate, sleep, and diet (including nutrition and calories),   the medical information including the subject's electronic medical record (EMR), family history, genetic vulnerability, and genetic susceptibility, and   the digital therapeutics literacy including the subject's accessibility, and technology adoption to the digital therapeutics and the apparatus.   
     
     
         135 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 129 - 134 , wherein the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital therapeutic modules matching to imaginary parameters which correspond to the mechanism of action in and the therapeutic hypothesis for the myopia. 
     
     
         136 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of  claim 135 , wherein the imaginary parameters are deduced in relation to the subject's environment, behaviors, emotions, and cognition. 
     
     
         137 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 129 - 136 , wherein the outcome collection unit collects the execution outcomes of the digital instructions by monitoring the subject's adherence to the digital instructions or allowing the subject to directly input the subject's adherence to the digital instructions. 
     
     
         138 . The non-transitory computer readable medium of any one of  claims 129 - 137 , wherein the generation of the digital instructions at the digital instruction generation unit and the collection of the subject's execution outcomes of the digital instructions at the outcome collection unit are repeatedly executed several times with multiple feedback loops, and
 the digital instruction generation unit generates the subject's digital instructions for this cycle based on the subject's digital instructions in the previous cycle and the execution outcome data on the subject's digital instructions in the previous cycle collected at the outcome collection unit.