US2022168280A1PendingUtilityA1

Kras g12c inhibitors and methods of using the same

74
Assignee: AMGEN INCPriority: Dec 22, 2016Filed: Jan 31, 2022Published: Jun 2, 2022
Est. expiryDec 22, 2036(~10.4 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
G06Q 30/0207G06Q 10/109G01C 21/34C07D 401/14C07D 401/04C07D 239/95C07D 239/80C07D 487/04C07D 487/10C07D 417/14C07D 417/12A61P 35/00A61K 31/428A61K 31/502C07D 417/04C07D 275/04A61K 31/5025A61K 31/496C07D 471/08C07D 403/04C07D 513/04A61P 35/02C07D 471/04A61K 31/519A61K 31/517A61P 35/04Y02A50/30C07D 403/14C07D 237/34
74
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Claims

Abstract

Provided herein are KRAS G12C inhibitors, composition of the same, and methods of using the same. These inhibitors are useful for treating a number of disorders, including pancreatic, colorectal, and lung cancers.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
What is claimed: 
     
         1 . A compound having a structure of formula (I) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 E 1  and E 2  are each independently N or CR 1 ; 
 R 1  is independently H, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, NH—C 1-6 alkyl, N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo; 
 R 2  is halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, OR′, N(R′) 2 , C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and each R′ is independently H, C 1-6  alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R′ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; 
 R 3  is halo, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-2 haloalkyl, C 1-3 alkoxy, C 3-4 cycloalkyl, C 2-3  alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; 
 R 4  is 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring; 
         L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, —O—C 0-5 alkylene, —S—C 0-5 alkylene, or —NH—C 0-5  alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, —O—C 2-5 alkylene, —S—C 2-5 alkylene, and NH—C 2-5  alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; 
         R 4′  is H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6 alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6  haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-4 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or selected from 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently H, halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyleneamine, C 0-6  alkylene-amide, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O-aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)C 1-4 alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, or cyano, or R 5  and R 6 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; and 
         R 7  is H or C 1-8 alkyl, or R 7  and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; or 
         a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         2 . A compound having a structure of formula (I) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 E 1  and E 2  are each independently N or CR 1 ; 
 R 1  is independently H, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, NH—C 1-6 alkyl, N(C 1-4 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo; 
 R 2  is halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, OR′, N(R′) 2 , C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, and each R′ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R′ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; 
 R 3  is halo, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-2  haloalkyl, C 1-3 alkoxy, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; 
 R 4  is 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring; 
         L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, —O—C 0-5 alkylene, —S—C 0-5 alkylene, or —NH—C 0-5  alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, —O—C 2-5 alkylene, —S—C 2-5 alkylene, and NH—C 2-5  alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently H, halo, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyleneamine, C 0-6  alkylene-amide, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O-aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)C 1-4 alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, or cyano, or R 5  and R 6 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; and 
         R 7  is H or C 1-6 alkyl, or R 7  and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; or 
         a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         3 . A compound having a structure of formula (II) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 E 1  and E 2  are each independently N or CR 1 ; 
 J is N, NR 10 , or CR 10 ; 
 M is N, NR 13 , or CR 13 ; 
   is a single or double bond as necessary to give every atom its normal valence; 
 R 1  is independently H, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, NH—C 1-4 alkyl, N(C 1-4 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo; 
 R 2  is halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, OR′, N(R′) 2 , C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, and each R′ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R′ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; 
 R 3  is halo, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-2 haloalkyl, C 1-3 alkoxy, C 3-4 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3  alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; 
 R 4  is 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring; 
         L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, —O—C 0-5 alkylene, —S—C 0-5 alkylene, or —NH—C 0-5  alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, —O—C 2-5 alkylene, —S—C 2-5 alkylene, and NH—C 2-5  alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; 
         R 4′  is H, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-6 alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6  haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or selected from 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently H, halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyleneamine, C 0-6  alkylene-amide, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O-aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)C 1-4 alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, or cyano, or R 5  and R 6 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         R 7  is H or C 1-8 alkyl, or R 7  and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         Q is CR 8 R 9 , C═CR 8 R 9 , C═O, C═S, or C═NR 8 ; 
         R 8  and R 9  are each independently H, C 1-3 alkyl, hydroxy, C 1-3 alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C 3-6 cycloalkyl, or R 8  and R 9 , taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3-6 membered ring; 
         R 10  is C 1-8 alkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, NH—C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, NH—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C 1-6 alkylene-amine; and 
         R 13  is C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyleneamine, or C 3-14 cycloalkyl; or 
         a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, 
       
       with the proviso that
 (1) when J is NR 10 , M is N or CR 13 ; 
 (2) when M is NR 13 , J is N or CR 10 ;
 (3) when J is CR 10 , M is N or NR 13 ; and 
 (4) when M is CR 13 , J is N or NR 10 . 
 
 
     
     
         4 . A compound having a structure of formula (II) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 E 1  and E 2  are each independently N or CR 1 ; 
 J is N, NR 10 , or CR 10 ; 
 M is N, NR 13 , or CR 13 ; 
   is a single or double bond as necessary to give every atom its normal valence; 
 R 1  is independently H, hydroxy, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, NH—C 1-4 alkyl, N(C 1-4 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo; 
 R 2  is halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, OR′, N(R′) 2 , C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, and each R′ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R′ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; 
 R 3  is halo, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-2  haloalkyl, C 1-3 alkoxy, C 3-4 cycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; 
 R 4  is 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring; 
         L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, —O—C 0-5 alkylene, —S—C 0-5 alkylene, or —NH—C 0-5  alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, —O—C 2-5 alkylene, —S—C 2-5 alkylene, and NH—C 2-5  alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently H, halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyleneamine, C 0-6  alkylene-amide, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O-aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)C 1-4 alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, or cyano, or R 5  and R 6 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         R 7  is H or C 1-8 alkyl, or R 7  and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         Q is CR 8 R 9 , C═CR 8 R 9 , C═O, C═S, or C═NR 8 ; 
         R 8  and R 9  are each independently H, C 1-3 alkyl, hydroxy, C 1-3 alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C 3-6 cycloalkyl, or R 8  and R 9 , taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3-6 membered ring; 
         R 10  is C 1-8 alkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, NH—C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, NH—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C 1-6 alkylene-amine; and 
         R 13  is C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyleneamine, or C 3-14 cycloalkyl; or 
         a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, 
       
       with the proviso that
 (1) when J is NR 10 , M is N or CR 13 ; 
 (2) when M is NR 13 , J is N or CR 10 ; 
 (3) when J is CR 10 , M is N or NR 13 ; and 
 (4) when M is CR 13 , J is N or NR 10 . 
 
     
     
         5 . The compound of  claim 3  or  4 , wherein when Q is C═O; and E 1  and E 2  are each CR 1 ; then either
 (1) R 10  is C 1-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 1-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-8 cycloalkyl, C 1-3 alkylene-C 2-7 heterocycloalkyl, or halo; or 
 (2) R 13  is C 1-3 haloalkyl or C 3-5 cycloalkyl. 
 
     
     
         6 . The compound of  claim 3  or  4 , wherein J is NR 10  and M is CR 13 . 
     
     
         7 . The compound of  claim 3  or  4 , wherein J is CR 10  and M is NR 13 . 
     
     
         8 . The compound of  claim 3  or  4 , wherein J is N and M is NR 13 . 
     
     
         9 . The compound of  claim 3  or  4 , wherein J is NR 10  and M is N. 
     
     
         10 . A compound having a structure of formula (III) or (III′): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 E 1  and E 2  are each independently N or CR 1 ; 
 R 1  is independently H, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, NH—C 1-4 alkyl, N(C 1-4 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo; 
 R 2  is halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1 -haloalkyl, OR′, N(R′) 2 , C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, and each R′ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R′ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; 
 R 3  is halo, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-2 haloalkyl, C 1-3 alkoxy, C 3-4 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3  alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; 
 R 4  is 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring; 
         L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, —O—C 0-5 alkylene, —S—C 0-5 alkylene, or —NH—C 0-5  alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, —O—C 2-5 alkylene, —S—C 2-5 alkylene, and NH—C 2-5  alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; 
         R 4′  is H, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-6 alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6  haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or selected from 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently H, halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyleneamine, C 0-6  alkylene-amide, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O-aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)C 1-4 alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, or cyano, or R 5  and R 6 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         R 7  is H or C 1-8 alkyl, or R 7  and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         Q is CR 8 R 9 , C═CR 8 R 9 , C═O, C═S, or C═NR 8 ; 
         R 8  and R 9  are each independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C 3-14 cycloalkyl, or R 8  and R 9 , taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3-6 membered ring; 
         R 10  is C 1-8 alkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, NH—C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, NH—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C 1-6 alkylene-amine; or 
         a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         11 . A compound having a structure of formula (III) or (III′): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 E 1  and E 2  are each independently N or CR 1 ; 
 R 1  is independently H, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, NH—C 1-4 alkyl, N(C 1-4 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo; 
 R 2  is halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1 -haloalkyl, OR′, N(R′) 2 , C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, and each R′ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R′ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; 
 R 3  is halo, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-2 haloalkyl, C 1-3 alkoxy, C 3-4 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; 
 R 4  is 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring; 
         L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, —O—C 0-5 alkylene, —S—C 0-5 alkylene, or —NH—C 0-5  alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, —O—C 2-5 alkylene, —S—C 2-5 alkylene, and NH—C 2-5  alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently H, halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyleneamine, C 0-6  alkylene-amide, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O-aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)C 1-4 alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, or cyano, or R 5  and R 6 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         R 7  is H or C 1-8 alkyl, or R 7  and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         Q is CR 8 R 9 , C═CR 8 R 9 , C═O, C═S, or C═NR 8 ; 
         R 8  and R 9  are each independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C 3-14 cycloalkyl, or R 8  and R 9 , taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3-6 membered ring; 
         R 10  is C 1-8 alkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, NH—C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, NH—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C 1-6 alkylene-amine; or 
         a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         12 . The compound of  claim 10  or  11 , having a structure of formula (III). 
     
     
         13 . The compound of  claim 10  or  11 , having a structure of formula (III′). 
     
     
         14 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  12 , wherein Q is C═O. 
     
     
         15 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  12 , wherein Q is C═S. 
     
     
         16 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  12 , wherein Q is C═NR 8 . 
     
     
         17 . The compound of  claim 16 , wherein R 8  is C 1-2 alkyl. 
     
     
         18 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  12 , wherein Q is CR 8 R 9 . 
     
     
         19 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  12 , wherein Q is C═CR 8 R 9 . 
     
     
         20 . The compound of  claim 18  or  19 , wherein R 8  and R 9 , taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a 3-4 membered ring. 
     
     
         21 . The compound of  claim 18  or  19 , wherein R 8  is C 1-2 alkyl, and R 9  is H. 
     
     
         22 . A compound having a structure of formula (IV) or (IV′): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 E 1  and E 2  are each independently CR 1  or N; 
 R 1  is independently H, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, NH—C 1-6 alkyl, N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo; 
 R 2  is halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, OR′, N(R′) 2 , C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, and each R′ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R′ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; 
 R 3  is halo, C 1-2 haloalkyl, C 1-3 alkoxy, C 3-4 cycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; 
 R 4  is 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring; 
         L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, —O—C 0-5 alkylene, —S—C 0-5 alkylene, or —NH—C 0-5  alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, —O—C 2-5 alkylene, —S—C 2-5 alkylene, and NH—C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; 
         R 4′  is H, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-6 alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6  haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or selected from 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently H, halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyleneamine, C 0-6  alkylene-amide, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O-aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)C 1-4 alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, or cyano, or R 5  and R 6 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         R 7  is H or C 1-8 alkyl, or R 7  and R 1 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         R 8  is H, C 1-3 alkyl, hydroxy, C 1-3 alkoxy, halo, cyano, nitro, C 3-14  cycloalkyl, or NR 11 R 12 ; 
         R 11  and R 12  are each independently H, C 1-8 alkyl, or C 3-14 cycloalkyl; and 
         R 10  is C 1-8 alkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14  cycloalkyl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, NH—C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, N—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14  cycloalkyl, N—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C 1-6  alkylene-amine; or 
         a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         23 . A compound having a structure of formula (IV) or (IV′): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 E 1  and E 2  are each independently CR 1  or N; 
 R 1  is independently H, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, NH—C 1-6 alkyl, N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo; 
 R 2  is halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, OR′, N(R′) 2 , C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, and each R′ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R′ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; 
 R 3  is halo, C 1-2 haloalkyl, C 1-3 alkoxy, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; 
 R 4  is 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring; 
         L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, —O—C 0-5 alkylene, —S—C 0-5 alkylene, or —NH—C 0-5  alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, —O—C 2-5 alkylene, —S—C 2-5 alkylene, and NH—C 2-5  alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently H, halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1 -alkylene-OH, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyleneamine, C 0-6  alkylene-amide, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O-aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)C 1-4 alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, or cyano, or R 5  and R 6 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         R 7  is H or C 1-8 alkyl, or R 7  and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         R 8  is H, C 1-3 alkyl, hydroxy, C 1-3 alkoxy, halo, cyano, nitro, C 3-14  cycloalkyl, or NR 11 R 12 ; 
         R 11  and R 12  are each independently H, C 1-8 alkyl, or C 3-15 cycloalkyl; and 
         R 10  is C 1-8 alkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, NH—C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, NH—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C 1-6 alkylene-amine; or 
         a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         24 . The compound of  claim 22  or  23 , having a structure of formula (IV). 
     
     
         25 . The compound of  claim 22  or  23 , having a structure of formula (IV′). 
     
     
         26 . The compound of any one of  claims 22  to  25 , wherein E 1  and E 2  are each CR 1 , and R 8  is hydroxy, halo, nitro, or C 3-6 cycloalkyl. 
     
     
         27 . The compound of any one of  claims 22  to  25 , wherein R 8  is methyl. 
     
     
         28 . A compound having a structure of formula (V): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 E 1  and E 2  are each independently CR 1  or N; 
 R 1  is independently H, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, NH—C 1-6 alkyl, N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo; 
 R 2  is halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, OR′, N(R′) 2 , C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, and each R′ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R′ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; 
 R 3  is halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; 
 R 4  is 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring; 
         L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, —O—C 0-5 alkylene, —S—C 0-5 alkylene, or —NH—C 0-5  alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, —O—C 2-5 alkylene, —S—C 2-5 alkylene, and NH—C 2-5  alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; 
         R 4′  is H, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-6 alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6  haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or selected from 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently H, halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyleneamine, C 0-6  alkylene-amide, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O-aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)C 1-4 alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, or cyano, or R 5  and R 6 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         R 7  is H or C 1-8 alkyl, or R 7  and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; and 
         R 10  is C 1-8 alkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, NH—C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, NH—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C 1-6 alkylene-amine; or 
         a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         29 . A compound having a structure of formula (V): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 E 1  and E 2  are each independently CR 1  or N; 
 R 1  is independently H, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, NH—C 1-6 alkyl, N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo; 
 R 2  is halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, OR′, N(R′) 2 , C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, and each R′ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R′ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; 
 R 3  is halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; 
 R 4  is 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring; 
         L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, —O—C 0-5 alkylene, —S—C 0-5 alkylene, or —NH—C 0-5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, —O—C 2-5 alkylene, —S—C 2-5 alkylene, and NH—C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently H, halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O—C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylene-OH, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyleneamine, C 0-6  alkylene-amide, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1-6  alkylene-O-aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C(O)C 1-4 alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, or cyano, or R 5  and R 6 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; 
         R 7  is H or C 1-8 alkyl, or R 7  and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; and 
         R 10  is C 1-8 alkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, NH—C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, NH—C 0-3  alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C 1-6  alkylene-amine; or 
         a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         30 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  29 , wherein each of E 1  and E 2  is CR 1 . 
     
     
         31 . The compound of any one of  claims 1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  6  to  29  wherein E 1  is CR 1  and E 2  is N. 
     
     
         32 . The compound of any one of  claims 1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  6  to  29 , wherein E 1  is N and E 2  is CR 1 . 
     
     
         33 . The compound of any one of  claims 1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  6  to  29 , wherein each of E 1  and E 2  is N. 
     
     
         34 . The compound of any one of  claims 1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  6  to  33 , wherein R 10  is C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-15 heterocycloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, NH—C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 aryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, or NH—C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl. 
     
     
         35 . The compound of  claim 28  or  29 , wherein E 1  and E 2  are each CR 1 , and R 10  is C 1-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 1-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heteroaryl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 1-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, or halo. 
     
     
         36 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  33 , wherein R 10  is C 1-8 alkyl. 
     
     
         37 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  33 , wherein R 10  is C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl. 
     
     
         38 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  34 , wherein R 10  is C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 heteroaryl. 
     
     
         39 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  35 , wherein R 10  is C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl. 
     
     
         40 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  24 ,  26 ,  27 , and  30  to  33 , wherein R 10  is C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl. 
     
     
         41 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  33 , wherein R 10  is C 0-6 alkylene-amine. 
     
     
         42 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  33 , wherein R 10  is selected from the group consisting of i-Pr, t-Bu, phenyl, benzyl, OCH 3 , Cl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         43 . The compound of any one of  claims 3  to  33 , wherein R 10  comprises ortho-substituted aryl, ortho-substituted heteroaryl, or 2-substituted cyclohexyl. 
     
     
         44 . The compound of  claim 43 , wherein R 10  is selected from the group consisting of 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         45 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  44 , wherein R 1  is H. 
     
     
         46 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  44 , wherein R 1  is F. 
     
     
         47 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  44 , wherein R 1  is methyl. 
     
     
         48 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  47 , wherein R 2  is aryl. 
     
     
         49 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  47 , wherein R 2  is heteroaryl. 
     
     
         50 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  47 , wherein R 2  is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, piperidine, pyrrolidine, azetidine, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, indazolyl, indolyl, azaindolyl, indolinyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, imidazolyl, cinnolinyl, imidazopyridyl, pyrazolopyridyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinazolinonyl, indolinonyl, isoindolinonyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl. 
     
     
         51 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  47 , wherein R 2  is selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, CF 3 , OCH 3 , OCH 2 CH 3 , phenyl 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         52 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  47 , wherein R 2  is selected from the group consisting of bromine, 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         53 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  52 , wherein R 3  is halo. 
     
     
         54 . The compound of  claim 53 , wherein R 3  is Cl. 
     
     
         55 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  52 , wherein R 3  is C 1-2 alkyl. 
     
     
         56 . The compound of  claim 55 , wherein R 3  is methyl. 
     
     
         57 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  52 , wherein R 3  is C 1-2 haloalkyl. 
     
     
         58 . The compound of  claim 57 , wherein R 3  is CF 3 . 
     
     
         59 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  58 , wherein R 4  is 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         60 . The compound of  claim 59 , wherein ring A is 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         61 . The compound ofany one of  claims 1  to  58 , wherein R 4  is 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         62 . The compound of  claim 61 , wherein ring A is selected from the group consisting of 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         63 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  58 , wherein R 4  is 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         64 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  58 , wherein R 4  is 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         65 . The compound of  claim 64 , wherein ring A is selected from the group consisting of 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         66 . The compound of any one of  claims 59  to  65 , wherein 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       is selected from the group consisting of 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         67 . The compound of any one of  claims 59  to  66 , wherein L is a bond. 
     
     
         68 . The compound of any one of  claims 59  to  66 , wherein L is C 1-2 alkylene. 
     
     
         69 . The compound of  claim 59 ,  60 ,  62 ,  63 , or  66 , wherein L is O. 
     
     
         70 . The compound of  claim 59 ,  60 ,  62 ,  63 , or  66 , wherein L is S. 
     
     
         71 . The compound of  claim 59 ,  61 ,  64 ,  65 , or  66 , wherein L is NH. 
     
     
         72 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  59 ,  61 ,  63 ,  64  and  66 , wherein ring A comprises piperidinyl, piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or azetidinyl. 
     
     
         73 . The compound of  claim 72 , wherein ring A comprises piperidinyl. 
     
     
         74 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  59 ,  61 ,  63 ,  64  and  65 , wherein R 5  is H or halo. 
     
     
         75 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  59 ,  61 ,  63 ,  64  and  65 , wherein R 5  is H, Br, Cl, F, CN, CH 3 , CF 3 , CH 2 Br, CH 2 OH, CH 2 CH 2 OH, CH 2 OCH 2 phenyl, cyclopropyl, phenyl, CH 2 phenyl, CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 , CH 2 N(CH 2 CH 3 ) 2 , CH 2 CO 2 H, CH 2 CO 2 CH 3 , CH 2 NHC(O)CH 3 , CH 2 C(O)NHCH 3 , CH 2 OC(O)CH 3 , or 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         76 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  65  and  67  to  75 , wherein R 6  is H, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-3 alkylene-O—C 1-2 alkyl, C 1-3 alkylene-OH, C 1-3 haloalkyl, C 1-3 alkylene-amine, C 0-3 alkylene-amide, C 0-1 alkylene C(O)OC 1-3 alkyl, C 0-1 alkylene-C 2-7 heterocycloalkyl, C 0-1 alkylene-C 3-8 cycloalkyl, or C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl. 
     
     
         77 . The compound of  claim 76 , wherein R 6  is C 1-3 alkylene-amine or C 1-3  alkylene-amide and is selected from the group consisting of CH 2 NH 2 , CH(CH 3 )NH 2 , CH(CH 3 ) 2 NH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 , CH 2 NHCH 3 , C(O)NHCH 3 , C(O)N(CH 3 ) 2 , CH 2 C(O)NHphenyl, CH 2 NHC(O)CH 3 , CH 2 NHCH 2 CH 2 OH, CH 2 NHCH 2 CO 2 H, CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 CO 2 CH 3 , CH 2 NHCH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 C(O)N(CH 3 ) 2 , CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 C(O)NHCH 3 , CH 2 NMe 2 , CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 OH, CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 F, CH 2 N + (CH 3 ) 3 , CH 2 NHCH 2 CHF 2 , CH 2 NHCH 2 CH 3   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         78 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  65  and  67  to  75 , wherein R 6  is phenyl, cyclopropyl, CH 3 , CF 3 , CH 2 CH 3 , CH 2 NH 2 , CH(CH 3 )NH 2 , CH(CH 3 ) 2 NH 2 , CH 2 Cl, CH 2 Br, CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 Ophenyl, CH 2 OH, CO 2 H, CO 2 CH 2 CH 3 , CH 2 CO 2 H, CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 OH, CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 , CH 2 NHCH 3 , C(O)NHCH 3 , C(O)N(CH 3 ) 2 , CH 2 C(O)NHphenyl, CH 2 CHF 2 , CH 2 F, CHF 2 , CH 2 NHC(O)CH 3 , CH 2 NHCH 2 CH 2 OH, CH 2 NHCH 2 CO 2 H, CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 CO 2 CH 3 , CH 2 NHCH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 C(O)N(CH 3 ) 2 , CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 C(O)NHCH 3 , CH 2 CH 2 CCH, CH 2 NMe 2 , CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 OH, CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 F, CH 2 N + (CH 3 ) 3 , CH 2 NHCH 2 CHF 2 , CH 2 NHCH 2 CH 3 , 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         79 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  65  and  67  to  73 , wherein R 5  and R 6  together are 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         80 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  65  and  67  to  73 , wherein each of R 5  and R 6  is H. 
     
     
         81 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  58  and  63  to  80 , wherein R 7  is H. 
     
     
         82 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  58  and  63  to  80 , wherein R 7  is methyl. 
     
     
         83 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  58 ,  63  to  65 ,  67 - 73  and  76  to  78 , wherein R 7  and R 5  together are —CH 2 — or —C(O)CH 2 —. 
     
     
         84 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  58 , wherein R 4  is selected from the group consisting of 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         85 . A compound as recited in Table 1. 
     
     
         86 . The compound of any one of  claims 1  to  85  in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. 
     
     
         87 . A pharmaceutical formulation comprising the compound of any one of  claims 1  to  86  and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 
     
     
         88 . A method of inhibiting KRAS G12C in a cell, comprising contacting the cell with the compound of any one of  claims 1  to  86  or the composition of  claim 87 . 
     
     
         89 . A method of treating cancer in a subject comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of any one of  claims 1  to  86  or the composition of  claim 87 . 
     
     
         90 . The method of  claim 89 , wherein the cancer is lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, or colorectal cancer. 
     
     
         91 . A compound having a structure selected from: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         92 . The compounds of  claim 91  in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. 
     
     
         93 . A pharmaceutical formulation comprising the compounds of  claim 91  or  92  and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

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