Reaction products and methods for making and using the same

Abstract

Reaction products and methods for making and using the same are provided. In at least one specific embodiment, the fertilizer can include a nitrogen source comprising urea, ammonia, ammonium nitrate, or any combination thereof and a reaction product of formaldehyde, an ammonia source, and a nitrification inhibitor.

1 - 21 . (canceled) 
     
     
         22 . A composition comprising a reaction product of three or more reactants, wherein the reactants are chosen from formaldehyde, an ammonia source, a nitrification inhibitor, urea, and a urease inhibitor. 
     
     
         23 . The composition of  claim 22 , further comprising a mixture of one or more nitrogen sources, wherein the one or more nitrogen sources are chosen from urea, ammonium nitrate, anhydrous ammonia, aqueous ammonia, urea-formaldehyde polymers, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         24 . The composition of  claim 22 , wherein the urease inhibitor is N-(n-butyl)thiophosphorictriamide (NBPT), N-(n-butyl)phosphoric triamide, thiophosphoryl triamide, phenyl phosphorodiamidate, cyclohexyl phosphoric triamide, cyclohexyl thiophosphoric triamide, phosphoric triamide, hydroquinone, p-benzoquinone, hexamidocyclotriphosphazene, thiopyridines, thiopyrimidines, thiopyridine-N-oxides, N,N-dihalo-2-imidazolidinone, N-halo-2-oxazolidinone, or a derivative thereof. 
     
     
         25 . The composition of  claim 24 , wherein the urease inhibitor is NBPT. 
     
     
         26 . The composition of  claim 22 , wherein the reaction product has a pH ranging from about 3 to about 6.5. 
     
     
         27 . The composition of  claim 22 , wherein the reaction product has a pH ranging from about 7 to about 11. 
     
     
         28 . The composition of  claim 23 , wherein the amount of reaction product in the composition ranges from about 0.1 wt % to about 25 wt % based on the total amount of nitrogen in the one or more nitrogen sources in the composition. 
     
     
         29 . The composition of  claim 28 , wherein the amount of reaction product in the composition ranges from about 0.5 wt % to about 20 wt % based on the total amount of nitrogen in the one or more nitrogen sources in the composition. 
     
     
         30 . The composition of  claim 22 , wherein the reactants are formaldehyde, urea, and a urease inhibitor. 
     
     
         31 . The composition of  claim 22 , wherein the reactants are formaldehyde, an ammonia source, and a urease inhibitor. 
     
     
         32 . The composition of  claim 23 , wherein the reaction product further comprises at least one of a fertilizer nutrient, pesticide, herbicide, or fungicide. 
     
     
         33 . A method of making a fertilizer composition comprising:
 reacting any three or more of formaldehyde, urea, an ammonia source, a nitrification inhibitor, and a urease inhibitor to produce a reaction product; and   combining the reaction product with a nitrogen source to produce a fertilizer, wherein the nitrogen source is urea, ammonium nitrate, anhydrous ammonia, aqueous ammonia, urea-formaldehyde polymers, or any combination thereof.   
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the nitrogen source is a solid. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the nitrogen source is a liquid. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the nitrogen source is a mixture of a solid nitrogen source and a liquid nitrogen source. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the reaction product has a pH ranging from about 3 to about 6.5. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the reaction product has a pH ranging from about 7 to about 11. 
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the urease inhibitor is N-(n-butyl)thiophosphorictriamide (NBPT), N-(n-butyl)phosphoric triamide, thiophosphoryl triamide, phenyl phosphorodiamidate, cyclohexyl phosphoric triamide, cyclohexyl thiophosphoric triamide, phosphoric triamide, hydroquinone, p-benzoquinone, hexamidocyclotriphosphazene, thiopyridines, thiopyrimidines, thiopyridine-N-oxides, N,N-dihalo-2-imidazolidinone, N-halo-2-oxazolidinone or a derivative thereof. 
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 39 , wherein the urease inhibitor is NBPT. 
     
     
         41 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the reaction product is formed from formaldehyde, urea, and a urease inhibitor. 
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the reaction product is formed from formaldehyde, an ammonia source, and a urease inhibitor. 
     
     
         43 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature ranging from about 25° C. to about 70° C. 
     
     
         44 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature ranging from about 60° C. to about 90° C.