Lumbar puncture detection device

Abstract

A device for drawing spinal fluid from a body part or injecting medication into the body part is disclosed. The device may include one or more measurement features (markings) that indicate the subcutaneous depth of the device as well as confirm placement and orientation of the spinal fluid withdrawing or medication injecting end of the device in the body part. The device may include a trocar and a cannula having a patient end, a non-patient end, an outer surface, and a central passage adapted to receive said trocar. One or more windows may be provided in or on the cannula, said windows extending from the outer surface of the cannula to the central passage. The windows may be spaced from the patient end of the cannula and from each other along a specific longitudinal axis of the cannula by a predetermined distance, such as 10 millimeters.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A device for withdrawing or injecting fluid, comprising:
 a cannula having a beveled patient end, a non-patient end, an outer surface, and a central passage;   a first window in the cannula extending from the outer surface to the central passage, said first window being spaced a predetermined distance from the cannula beveled patient end; and   a transparent or translucent member disposed in said first window;   wherein the position of the first window in the cannula indicates the orientation of the cannula beveled patient end; and   wherein the first window is visible to an operator of the device to confirm a preferred orientation of the cannula beveled patient end.   
     
     
         2 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein said preferred orientation of the cannula beveled patient end is provided when the bevel of the cannula beveled patient end is aligned relative to a patient body so as to minimize severing body fibers during insertion of the device into the patient body. 
     
     
         3 . The device of  claim 1  wherein the transparent or translucent material is rendered visibly darker or lighter when spinal fluid is present within said cannula. 
     
     
         4 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein said preferred orientation of the cannula beveled patient end is provided when the bevel of the cannula beveled patient end is aligned relative to a patient body so as to minimize severing body fibers during insertion of the device into the patient body. 
     
     
         5 . The device of  claim 1  wherein the transparent or translucent material is rendered visibly darker or lighter when blood is present within said cannula. 
     
     
         6 . The device of  claim 5 , wherein said preferred orientation of the cannula beveled patient end is provided when the bevel of the cannula beveled patient end is aligned relative to a patient body so as to minimize severing body fibers during insertion of the device into the patient body. 
     
     
         7 . The device of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a second window in the cannula extending from the outer surface to the central passage, said second window being spaced a second predetermined distance from the cannula beveled patient end; and   a means for venting air from the cannula central passage disposed in said second window.   
     
     
         8 . The device of  claim 7  wherein the means for venting air comprises material selected from the group consisting of: sintered compositions, layered compositions, rolled compositions, foamed compositions, perforated compositions, impregnated compositions, hydrophilic compositions, hydrophobic compositions, sintered polyethylene, porous polyethylene, porous polypropylene, porous polyfluorocarbon, absorbent paper, materials impregnated with dilute Russell Viper venom, molded fiber, fiberglass, felt, granular starch, cellulose, polyacrylamide gel, hydrogel, a molded admixture of porous hydrophobic/hydrophilic granules and low density silicone, and molded open cell polyurethane. 
     
     
         9 . The device of  claim 7  wherein the means for venting air comprises a material which is rendered visibly darker or lighter when spinal fluid is present within said cannula. 
     
     
         10 . The device of  claim 7  wherein the means for venting air comprises a material which is rendered visibly darker or lighter when blood is present within said cannula. 
     
     
         11 . The device of  claim 7  wherein at least a portion of the means for venting air is transparent or translucent. 
     
     
         12 . The device of  claim 7  wherein the means for venting air is substantially porous to air and substantially non-porous to blood. 
     
     
         13 . The device of  claim 7  wherein the means for venting air is substantially porous for gas constituents less than about  5  microns in size, and substantially non-porous for liquid constituents about  5  microns and greater in size. 
     
     
         14 . The device of  claim 7 , wherein the position of the first window and the second window in the cannula indicate the orientation of the cannula beveled patient end. 
     
     
         15 . The device of  claim 14 , wherein the first window and the second window are visible to an operator of the device to confirm a preferred orientation of the cannula beveled patient end, wherein said preferred orientation of the cannula beveled patient end is provided when the cannula beveled patient end is aligned relative to a patient body so as to minimize severing body fibers during insertion of the device into the patient body. 
     
     
         16 . The device of  claim 15 , the device further comprises a trocar having a front tip with a beveled planar surface; wherein the first window and the second window are visible to an operator of the device to confirm a preferred orientation of the trocar beveled planar surface, wherein said preferred orientation of the trocar beveled planar surface is provided when the trocar beveled planar surface is aligned relative to a patient body so as to minimize severing body fibers during insertion of the device into the patient body. 
     
     
         17 . The device of  claim 1 , further comprising one or more depth markings on said cannula. 
     
     
         18 . The device of  claim 7 , further comprising one or more depth markings on said cannula. 
     
     
         19 . The device of  claim 1 , further comprising an orientation marking on said cannula. 
     
     
         20 . The device of  claim 7 , further comprising an orientation marking on said cannula.