Methods for reducing the incidence of oxidative stress using human milk oligosaccharides, vitamin c and anti-inflammatory agents

Abstract

Disclosed are methods of reducing the incidence of oxidative stress in infants, toddlers, and children using nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides. The nutritional compositions including the human milk oligosaccharides are effective at reducing inflammation and the incidence of inflammatory diseases.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method of reducing the incidence of oxidative stress in an infant, toddler, or child in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the infant, toddler, or child a composition comprising at least one human milk oligosaccharide selected from the group consisting of 6′-sialyllactose, 2′-fucosyllactose, and lacto-N-neotetraose. 
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises vitamin C. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the human milk oligosaccharide in a total amount of from about 0.001 mg/mL to about 20 mg/mL. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises from 0.001 mg/mL to less than 0.25 mg/mL 6′-sialyllactose. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises from 0.001 mg/mL to less than 2 mg/mL 2′-fucosyllactose. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises from 0.001 mg/mL to less than 0.2 mg/mL lacto-N-neotetraose. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises at least one of a prebiotic, a probiotic, a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, a short chain fatty acid, an antioxidant, a milk protein of human and/or bovine origin, vitamins, and minerals. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises at least one carotenoid selected from the group consisting of lutein, lycopene, and beta-carotene. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the composition comprises the carotenoid in a total amount of from about 0.001 μg/mL to about 10 μg/mL. 
     
     
         10 . A method of reducing the incidence of oxidative stress in an infant, toddler, or child in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the infant, toddler, or child a composition comprising 6′-sialyllactose, 2′-fucosyllactose, and lacto-N-neotetraose. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the composition further comprises vitamin C. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the 6′-sialyllactose, 2′-fucosyllactose, and lacto-N-neotetraose are present in a total amount of from about 0.001 mg/mL to about 20 mg/mL. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the composition comprises from 0.001 mg/mL to less than 0.25 mg/mL 6′-sialyllactose. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the composition comprises from 0.001 mg/mL to less than 2 mg/mL 2′-fucosyllactose. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the composition comprises from 0.001 mg/mL to less than 0.2 mg/mL lacto-N-neotetraose. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the composition further comprises at least one of a prebiotic, a probiotic, a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, a short chain fatty acid, an antioxidant, a milk protein of human and/or bovine origin, vitamins, and minerals. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the composition further comprises at least one carotenoid selected from the group consisting of lutein, lycopene, and beta-carotene. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the composition comprises the carotenoid in a total amount of from about 0.001 μg/mL to about 10 μag/mL. 
     
     
         19 . A method of increasing glutathione levels in the body of an infant, toddler, or child in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the infant, toddler or child a composition comprising 6′-sialyllactose, 2′-fucosyllactose, and lacto-N-neotetraose. 
     
     
         20 . A method of reducing the incidence of oxidative stress in an infant, toddler, or child in need thereof, the method comprising: administering to the infant, toddler, or child a composition comprising at least one neutral human milk oligosaccharide and at least one acidic human milk oligosaccharide. 
     
     
         21 . A method of increasing glutathione levels in the body of an infant, toddler, or child in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the infant, toddler or child a composition comprising at least one neutral human milk oligosaccharide and at least one acidic human milk oligosaccharide.