Fluorinated diester compounds and their use in heat transfer system

Abstract

A compound of formula (I): wherein W is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, and I; X is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, and I; Y is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I; Z is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, and I; n is an integer from 1 to 8; and n′ is an integer from 1 to 12.

1 . A composition comprising a heat transfer fluid with one or more compounds of formula (I): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein
 W is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, and 
 X is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, and I; 
 Y is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I; 
 Z is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, and I; 
 n is an integer from 1 to 8: 
 and n′ is an integer from 1 to 12, 
 provided that at least one incurrence of W and X is not H. 
 
       
     
     
         2 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein W is H or F. 
     
     
         3 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein X is H or F. 
     
     
         4 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein
 Y is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl and I; and   Z is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl and I.   
     
     
         5 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein Y is F. 
     
     
         6 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein Z is H or F. 
     
     
         7 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein n is an integer from 1 to 5. 
     
     
         8 . The composition according to  claim 1  wherein n′ is an integer from 1 to 10. 
     
     
         9 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the heat transfer fluid is selected from the group consisting of (hydro)fluoroolefins (HFOs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrocarbons, and combinations thereof, or
 wherein the heat transfer fluid is selected from the group consisting of R-1234ze, R-1234yf, R-1233xf, R-1233zd, R-1243zf, R-134a, R-152a, R-32, R-161, R-125, R-134, propane, propylene, carbon dioxide, R-245fa, R-236fa, R-227ea, R-143a, n-butane, iso-butane R-365mfc, and combinations thereof,   optionally wherein the heat transfer fluid is selected from the group consisting of R-1234ze, R-1234yf, R-1233xf, R-1233zd, R-1243zf, R-134a, R-152a, R-32, and combinations thereof, or   wherein the heat transfer fluid comprises R-1234ze or R-1234yf.   
     
     
         10 . The composition according to  claim 1 , which is less flammable than a composition comprising the same heat transfer fluid combined with a polyalkylene glycol (PAG) and/or polyol ester (POE) based lubricant, or
 which has an ignition temperature of about 500° C. or greater, or   which is non-flammable. The composition according to  claim 1 , further comprising a stabiliser.   
     
     
         12 . The composition according to claim  11 , wherein the stabiliser is selected from the group consisting of diene-based compounds, phosphates, phenol compounds and epoxides, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         13 . The composition according to  claim 1 , further comprising a flame retardant. 
     
     
         14 . The composition according to  claim 13 , wherein the flame retardant is selected from the group consisting of tri-(2-chloroethyl)-phosphate, (chloropropyl) phosphate, tri-(2,3-dibromopropyl)-phosphate, tri-(1,3-dichloropropyl)-phosphate, diammonium phosphate, various halogenated aromatic compounds, antimony oxide, aluminium trihydrate, polyvinyl chloride, a fluorinated iodocarbon, a fluorinated bromocarbon, trifluoro iodomethane, perfluoroalkyl amines, bromo-fluoroalkyl amines and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         15 . A heat transfer device containing a composition according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         16 . The heat transfer device according to  claim 15 , which is a refrigeration device. 
     
     
         17 . The heat transfer device according to  claim 16 , which is selected from the group consisting of automotive air conditioning systems, residential air conditioning systems, commercial air conditioning systems, residential refrigerator systems, residential freezer systems, commercial refrigerator systems, commercial freezer systems, chiller air conditioning systems, chiller refrigeration systems, and commercial or residential heat pump systems, the heat transfer device optionally further containing a compressor. 
     
     
         18 . A method of retrofitting a heat transfer device comprising the step of removing an existing heat transfer fluid and introducing a composition according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         19 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein the heat transfer device is a refrigeration device or an air-conditioning system. 
     
     
         20 . A method of reducing the flammability of a composition by the addition of a composition according to  claim 1 .