Systems and methods for domestic and/or cross border blockchain transaction solutions involving central bank digital currency

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for processing global CBDC transactions in a blockchain supported network, where domestic and foreign banking institutions may provide mutual hosting of a consortium blockchain to allow more seamless and direct CBDC supported transactions, and CBDC exchanges in real-time or near-real time.

1 . A system comprising:
 an application server maintained by a first commercial bank, the application server configured to (a) receive a transaction request from a first user's digital wallet, and (b) issue a command causing at least one of a plurality of blockchains to process a transaction consistent with the transaction request;   a first subchain blockchain hosted by the first commercial bank, wherein the first subchain blockchain is operatively coupled with (1) a second subchain blockchain hosted by one or more of the first bank and a second commercial bank, (2) a first consortium blockchain dedicated to transactions involving a first type of CBDC, the first consortium blockchain hosted on a plurality of nodes at least one of which being maintained by the first commercial bank and at least one of which being maintained by the second commercial bank, and (3) a second consortium blockchain dedicated to transactions involving a second type of CBDC, the second consortium blockchain hosted on a plurality of nodes at least one of which being maintained by the first commercial bank and at least one of which being maintained by the second commercial bank;   wherein the transaction request received from the first user is generated through one or more of (a) a digital wallet made available to the first user by the first commercial bank, the digital wallet operatively couplable with any one or more accounts at one or more of the first commercial bank, the second commercial bank and any other participating commercial bank, and (b) a digital wallet made available to the first user by a third party and which is operatively couplable with one or more of the first subchain blockchain of the first commercial bank and the second subchain blockchain of the second commercial bank; and   wherein the blockchain to which the application issues a command is based on one or more details of the transaction request; and   wherein the transaction request is received through (1) a communication transmitted from the first user's digital wallet to the application server, (2) a communication transmitted from the first user's digital wallet to the application through a syncing operation between the user's digital wallet and one or more of an ATM unit, a digital wallet of another user, a digital wallet of a participating commercial bank, and a bank teller terminal device.   
     
     
         2 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein, if a detail of the transaction request defines a proposed transaction involving a transfer of the first type of CBDC from the first user's digital wallet with the first commercial bank into another digital wallet held by another user of the first commercial bank, the application server will issue a command causing the first subchain blockchain to process the transaction. 
     
     
         3 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein one or more of the digital wallets is configured to (1) generate a transaction request involving a digital wallet associated with first user of one or more of the first commercial bank, a commercial bank in operative communication with the first commercial bank, the second commercial bank, a commercial bank in operative communication with the second commercial bank, and a third party payment service, and (2) generate a transaction request involving one or more of the first type of CBDC and the second type of CBDC; and further wherein the transaction request includes one or more of a payment, a request for payment, an exchange, and a request for an exchange. 
     
     
         4 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein, if a detail of the transaction request defines a proposed transaction involving a transfer of the first type of CBDC from the first user's digital wallet with the first commercial bank into another digital wallet held by another user at a second commercial bank, the application server will issue a command causing (1) the first subchain blockchain to process a subtransaction that debits a designated amount of the first type of CBDC from the first user's digital wallet with the first commercial bank, (2) the second subchain blockchain to process a subtransaction that credits the designated amount of the first type of CBDC to the another user's digital wallet with the second commercial bank, and (3) the first consortium blockchain to settle the transaction in accordance with a predefined time interval. 
     
     
         5 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein, if a detail of the transaction request defines a proposed transaction involving an exchange of a designated amount of the first type of CBDC in the first user's digital wallet for an amount of the second type of CBDC held in a second digital wallet, the application server will issue (1) a command causing one or more of the first subchain blockchain and the second subchain blockchain to process a transaction causing the designated amount of the first type of CBDC to be debited from a digital wallet of the first user that is configured to hold the first type of CBDC, (2) a command causing a corresponding amount of the second type of CBDC to be credited to a digital wallet of the first user that is configured to hold the second type of CBDC, and (3) causing one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, the first consortium blockchain, and the second consortium blockchain, to settle the transaction in accordance with a predefined time interval;
 wherein the corresponding amount of the second type of CBDC is determined based on a predefined exchange rate between the first type of CBDC and the second type of CBDC; and   wherein the second digital wallet is held by at least one of the first commercial bank, another commercial bank, and another user; and   wherein the commercial bank providing the second digital wallet imposes a fee for the exchange.   
     
     
         6 . The system of  claim 3 , wherein when one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the first consortium blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, and the second consortium blockchain are offline, a transaction between two digital wallets may be processed offline, in whole or in part, over one or more of a Bluetooth, IoT, Wi-Fi, and mesh networking connection established between the two digital wallets; and
 wherein when the one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the first consortium blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, and the second consortium blockchain are back online, one or more transaction details of the transaction processed offline are transmitted to the application server and reflected in an update to one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the first consortium blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, and the second consortium blockchain; and   wherein any amounts received by a digital wallet during an transaction that is processed offline are restricted from being used in subsequent transactions until the offline transaction is validated by one or more of the first subchain blockchain and the second subchain blockchain.   
     
     
         7 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the first commercial bank imposes, via the application server, restrictions including one or more of: (1) limiting access to one or more transaction details of a processed transaction to the first commercial bank and the users involved in the transaction, (2) limiting transactions to those in amounts beneath a predetermined threshold, and (3) limiting the number of transactions a given user can request within a predetermined period of time. 
     
     
         8 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein, if a detail of the transaction request defines a proposed transaction involving an exchange of a designated amount of the first type of CBDC in the user's digital wallet for an amount of a first type of fiat currency or a second type of fiat currency, the application server will (1) issue a command causing one or more of the first subchain blockchain and the second subchain blockchain to process a transaction causing the designated amount of the first type of CBDC to be debited from a digital wallet of the user configured to hold the first type of CBDC, (2) issue a command causing or permit a corresponding amount of the first type of fiat currency or the second type of fiat currency to be released or provided to the user, and (3) issue a command causing (a) one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, and the first consortium blockchain to settle the transaction in accordance with a predefined time interval, or (b) one or more of a non-blockchain supported system and a legacy system of the first commercial bank to settle the transaction in accordance with a predefined time interval;
 wherein the corresponding amount of the first type of fiat currency or the second type of fiat currency is determined based on a predefined exchange rate between the first type of CBDC and the first type of fiat currency or the second type of fiat currency.   
     
     
         9 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein a transaction request may be submitted by account holders and commercial banking partners of the first commercial bank. 
     
     
         10 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein one or more of account holders and commercial banking partners of the first commercial bank submit transaction requests using a digital wallet or API configured to communicate with the application server maintained by the first commercial bank. 
     
     
         11 . A nontransitory computer readable storage medium including instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a system, cause the system to perform a method comprising:
 operating an application server maintained by a first commercial bank, the application server configured to (a) receive a transaction request from a first user's digital wallet, and (b) issue a command causing at least one of a plurality of blockchains to process a transaction consistent with the transaction request;   operating a first subchain blockchain hosted by the first commercial bank, wherein the first subchain blockchain is operatively coupled with (1) a second subchain blockchain hosted by one or more of the first bank and a second commercial bank, (2) a first consortium blockchain dedicated to transactions involving a first type of CBDC, the first consortium blockchain hosted on a plurality of nodes at least one of which being maintained by the first commercial bank and at least one of which being maintained by the second commercial bank, (3) a second consortium blockchain dedicated to transactions involving a second type of CBDC, the second consortium blockchain hosted on a plurality of nodes at least one of which being maintained by the first commercial bank and at least one of which being maintained by the second commercial bank;   wherein the transaction request received from the first user is generated through one or more of (a) a digital wallet made available to the first user by the first commercial bank, the digital wallet operatively couplable with any one or more accounts at one or more of the first commercial bank, the second commercial bank and any other participating commercial bank, and (b) a digital wallet made available to the first user by a third party and which is operatively couplable with one or more of the first subchain blockchain of the first commercial bank and the second subchain blockchain of the second commercial bank; and   wherein the blockchain to which the application issues a command is based on one or more details of the transaction request; and   wherein the transaction request is received through (1) a communication transmitted from the first user's digital wallet to the application server, (2) a communication transmitted from the first user's digital wallet to the application through a syncing operation between the user's digital wallet and one or more of an ATM unit, a digital wallet of another user, a digital wallet of a participating commercial bank, and a bank teller terminal device.   
     
     
         12 . The nontransitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 11 , wherein, if a detail of the transaction request defines a proposed transaction involving a transfer of the first type of CBDC from the first user's digital wallet with the first commercial bank into another digital wallet held by another user of the first commercial bank, the application server will issue a command causing the subchain blockchain to process the transaction. 
     
     
         13 . The nontransitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 11 , wherein one or more of the digital wallets is configured to (1) generate a transaction request involving a digital wallet associated with first user of one or more of the first commercial bank, a commercial bank in operative communication with the first commercial bank, the second commercial bank, a commercial bank in operative communication with the second commercial bank, and a third party payment service, and (2) generate a transaction request involving one or more of the first type of CBDC and the second type of CBDC; and further wherein the transaction request includes one or more of a payment, a request for payment, an exchange, and a request for an exchange. 
     
     
         14 . The nontransitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 11 , wherein, if a detail of the transaction request defines a proposed transaction involving a transfer of the first type of CBDC from the first user's digital wallet with the first commercial bank into another digital wallet held by another user at a second commercial bank, the application server will issue a command causing (1) the first subchain blockchain to process a subtransaction that debits a designated amount of the first type of CBDC from the first user's digital wallet with the first commercial bank, (2) the second subchain blockchain to process a subtransaction that credits the designated amount of the first type of CBDC to the another user's digital wallet with the second commercial bank, and (3) the first consortium blockchain to settle the transaction in accordance with a predefined time interval. 
     
     
         15 . The nontransitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 11 , wherein, if a detail of the transaction request defines a proposed transaction involving an exchange of a designated amount of the first type of CBDC in the first user's digital wallet for an amount of the second type of CBDC held in a second digital wallet, the application server will issue (1) a command causing one or more of the first subchain blockchain and the second subchain blockchain to process a transaction causing the designated amount of the first type of CBDC to be debited from a digital wallet of the first user that is configured to hold the first type of CBDC, (2) a command causing a corresponding amount of the second type of CBDC to be credited to a digital wallet of the first user that is configured to hold the second type of CBDC, and (3) causing one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, the first consortium blockchain and the second consortium blockchain to settle the transaction in accordance with a predefined time interval;
 wherein the corresponding amount of the second type of CBDC is determined based on a predefined exchange rate between the first type of CBDC and the second type of CBDC; and   wherein the second digital wallet is held by at least one of the first commercial bank, another commercial bank, and another user; and   wherein the commercial bank providing the second digital wallet imposes a fee for the exchange.   
     
     
         16 . The nontransitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 9 , wherein when one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the first consortium blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, and the second consortium blockchain are offline, a transaction between two digital wallets may be processed offline, in whole or in part, over one or more of a Bluetooth, IoT, Wi-Fi, and mesh networking connection established between the two digital wallets; and
 wherein when the one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the first consortium blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, and the second consortium blockchain are back online, one or more transaction details of the transaction processed offline are transmitted to the application server and reflected in an update to one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the first consortium blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, and the second consortium blockchain; and   wherein any amounts received by a digital wallet during an transaction that is processed offline are restricted from being used in subsequent transactions until the offline transaction is validated by one or more of the first subchain blockchain and the second subchain blockchain.   
     
     
         17 . The nontransitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 14 , wherein the first commercial bank imposes, via the application server, restrictions including one or more of: (1) limiting access to one or more transaction details of a processed transaction to the first commercial bank and the users involved in the transaction, (2) limiting transactions to those in amounts beneath a predetermined threshold, and (3) limiting the number of transactions a given user can request within a predetermined period of time. 
     
     
         18 . The nontransitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 11 , wherein, if a detail of the transaction request defines a proposed transaction involving an exchange of a designated amount of the first type of CBDC in the user's digital wallet for an amount of a first type of fiat currency or a second type of fiat currency, the application server will (1) issue a command causing one or more of the first subchain blockchain and the second subchain blockchain to process a transaction causing the designated amount of the first type of CBDC to be debited from a digital wallet of the user configured to hold the first type of CBDC, (2) issue a command causing or permit a corresponding amount of the first type of fiat currency or the second type of fiat currency to be released or provided to the user, and (3) issue a command causing (a) one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, and the first consortium blockchain to settle the transaction in accordance with a predefined time interval, or (b) one or more of a non-blockchain supported system and a legacy system of the first commercial bank to settle the transaction in accordance with a predefined time interval;
 wherein the corresponding amount of the first type of fiat currency or the second type of fiat currency is determined based on a predefined exchange rate between the first type of CBDC and the first type of fiat currency or the second type of fiat currency.   
     
     
         19 . The nontransitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 11 , wherein a transaction request may be submitted by account holders and commercial banking partners of the first commercial bank. 
     
     
         20 . The nontransitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 11 , wherein one or more of account holders and commercial banking partners of the first commercial bank submit transaction requests using a digital wallet or API configured to communicate with the application server maintained by the first commercial bank. 
     
     
         21 . A method, comprising:
 operating an application server maintained by a first commercial bank to (a) receive a transaction request from a first user's digital wallet, and (b) issue a command causing at least one of a plurality of blockchains to process a transaction consistent with the transaction request;   operating a first subchain blockchain at a server hosted by the first commercial bank, wherein the first subchain blockchain is operatively coupled with (1) a second subchain blockchain hosted by one or more of the first bank and a second commercial bank, (2) a first consortium blockchain dedicated to transactions involving a first type of CBDC, the first consortium blockchain hosted on a plurality of nodes at least one of which being maintained by the first commercial bank and at least one of which being maintained by the second commercial bank, (3) a second consortium blockchain dedicated to transactions involving a second type of CBDC, the second consortium blockchain hosted on a plurality of nodes at least one of which being maintained by the first commercial bank and at least one of which being maintained by the second commercial bank;   wherein the transaction request received by the application server from the first user is generated through one or more of (a) a digital wallet made available to the first user by the first commercial bank, the digital wallet operatively couplable with any one or more accounts at one or more of the first commercial bank, the second commercial bank and any other participating commercial bank, and (b) a digital wallet made available to the first user by a third party and which is operatively couplable with one or more of the first subchain blockchain of the first commercial bank and the second subchain blockchain of the second commercial bank; and   wherein the blockchain to which the application server issues a command is based on one or more details of the transaction request; and   wherein the transaction request is received by the application server through (1) a communication transmitted from the first user's digital wallet to the application server, (2) a communication transmitted from the first user's digital wallet to the application server through a syncing operation between the user's digital wallet and one or more of an ATM unit, a digital wallet of another user, a digital wallet of a participating commercial bank, and a bank teller terminal device.   
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein, if a detail of the transaction request received by the application server defines a proposed transaction involving a transfer of the first type of CBDC from the first user's digital wallet with the first commercial bank into another digital wallet held by another user of the first commercial bank, the application server will issue a command causing the subchain blockchain to process the transaction. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein one or more of the digital wallets is configured to (1) generate a transaction request for reception by the application server, the transaction request involving a digital wallet associated with first user of one or more of the first commercial bank, a commercial bank in operative communication with the first commercial bank, the second commercial bank, a commercial bank in operative communication with the second commercial bank, and a third party payment service, and (2) generate a transaction request for reception by the application server, the transaction request involving one or more of the first type of CBDC and the second type of CBDC; and further wherein the transaction request includes one or more of a payment, a request for payment, an exchange, and a request for an exchange. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein, if a detail of the transaction request defines a proposed transaction involving a transfer of the first type of CBDC from the first user's digital wallet with the first commercial bank into another digital wallet held by another user at a second commercial bank, the application server will issue a command causing (1) the first subchain blockchain to process a subtransaction that debits a designated amount of the first type of CBDC from the first user's digital wallet with the first commercial bank, (2) the second subchain blockchain to process a subtransaction that credits the designated amount of the first type of CBDC to the another user's digital wallet with the second commercial bank, and (3) the first consortium blockchain to settle the transaction in accordance with a predefined time interval. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein, if a detail of the transaction request defines a proposed transaction involving an exchange of a designated amount of the first type of CBDC in the first user's digital wallet for an amount of the second type of CBDC held in a second digital wallet, the application server will issue (1) a command causing one or more of the first subchain blockchain and the second subchain blockchain to process a transaction causing the designated amount of the first type of CBDC to be debited from a digital wallet of the first user that is configured to hold the first type of CBDC, (2) a command causing a corresponding amount of the second type of CBDC to be credited to a digital wallet of the first user that is configured to hold the second type of CBDC, and (3) causing one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, the first consortium blockchain and the second consortium blockchain to settle the transaction in accordance with a predefined time interval;
 wherein the corresponding amount of the second type of CBDC is determined based on a predefined exchange rate between the first type of CBDC and the second type of CBDC; and   wherein the second digital wallet is held by at least one of the first commercial bank, another commercial bank, and another user; and   wherein the commercial bank providing the second digital wallet imposes a fee for the exchange.   
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein when one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the first consortium blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, and the second consortium blockchain are offline, a transaction between two digital wallets may be processed offline, in whole or in part, over one or more of a Bluetooth, IoT, Wi-Fi, and mesh networking connection established between the two digital wallets; and
 wherein when the one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the first consortium blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, and the second consortium blockchain are back online, one or more transaction details of the transaction processed offline are transmitted to the application server and reflected in an update to one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the first consortium blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, and the second consortium blockchain; and   wherein any amounts received by a digital wallet during an transaction that is processed offline are restricted from being used in subsequent transactions until the offline transaction is validated by one or more of the first subchain blockchain and the second subchain blockchain.   
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the first commercial bank imposes, via the application server, restrictions including one or more of: (1) limiting access to one or more transaction details of a processed transaction to the first commercial bank and the users involved in the transaction, (2) limiting transactions to those in amounts beneath a predetermined threshold, and (3) limiting the number of transactions a given user can request within a predetermined period of time. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein, if a detail of the transaction request defines a proposed transaction involving an exchange of a designated amount of the first type of CBDC in the user's digital wallet for an amount of a first type of fiat currency or a second type of fiat currency, the application server will (1) issue a command causing one or more of the first subchain blockchain and the second subchain blockchain to process a transaction causing the designated amount of the first type of CBDC to be debited from a digital wallet of the user configured to hold the first type of CBDC, (2) issue a command causing or permit a corresponding amount of the first type of fiat currency or the second type of fiat currency to be released or provided to the user, and (3) issue a command causing (a) one or more of the first subchain blockchain, the second subchain blockchain, and the first consortium blockchain to settle the transaction in accordance with a predefined time interval, or (b) one or more of a non-blockchain supported system and a legacy system of the first commercial bank to settle the transaction in accordance with a predefined time interval;
 wherein the corresponding amount of the first type of fiat currency or the second type of fiat currency is determined based on a predefined exchange rate between the first type of CBDC and the first type of fiat currency or the second type of fiat currency.   
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein a transaction request is submitted by one or more of an account holder and a commercial banking partner of the first commercial bank. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 29 , wherein one or more of the account holder and commercial banking partner of the first commercial bank may submit the transaction request using a digital wallet or API configured to communicate with the application server maintained by the first commercial bank.