Light activated gasotransmitter generating compositions

Abstract

A composition comprising an organic photoactivator, a gasotransmitter salt which converts into a gasotransmitter via electron transfer, and an electron donor which donates an electron to the photoactivator when the photoactivator is in a photo-excited state.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A composition comprising:
 an organic photoactivator to receive an electron when the photoactivator is in a photo-excited state;   an electron donor which donates the electron to the photoactivator when the photoactivator is in the photo-excited state to reduce the photoactivator and initiate conversion of a gasotransmitter salt into a gasotransmitter; and   the gasotransmitter salt which converts into the gasotransmitter via reduction when the photoactivator is reduced by the electron.   
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the photoactivator is selected from benzophenone, anthraquinone, thioxanthone, and ketocoumarin, and derivatives thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 2 , wherein the photoactivator includes a photoactive moiety selected from benzophenone and thioxanthone and derivatives thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the photoactivator comprises a hydrophilic moiety selected from the group consisting of alcohol; amine; amide; carboxylic acid; sulfonic acid and phosphate alkylene oxide oligomers; alkylene oxide polymers; alkylene oxide copolymers; ethylene glycol; vinyl alcohol; vinyl pyrrolidone; acrylic acid; methacrylic acid; acrylamide; cellulose; carboxymethyl cellulose; chitosan; dextran; 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline; hydroxyethyl methacrylate; vinyl pyridine-N-oxide; diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; maleic acid; lysine; isopropyl acrylamide; styrene sulfonic acid; vinyl methyl ether; vinyl phosphonic acid; and ethylene imine; and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the gasotransmitter salt is a sulfate, sulfite, or thiosulfate salt with the formula:
   A[SaOb]y   wherein A is selected from monovalent cations, divalent cations, and trivalent cations;   wherein a is 1 or 2, b is 3 or 4, and y is 1, 2 or 3.   
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the composition further comprises a hydrophobic base and an amphiphilic compound; and   the hydrophobic base comprises a material selected from the group consisting of natural fats, synthetic fats, waxes, and oils.   
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the composition is in a form selected from the group consisting of ointments, salves, and creams; and   the composition further comprises a moisture activated active pharmaceutical ingredient.   
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the electron donor is selected from alcohols, amines, thiols, sugars, and boranes, and derivatives thereof. 
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 8 , wherein the composition is in a form selected from the group consisting of ointments, salves, and creams. 
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 9 , wherein the gasotransmitter salt is a nitrite or nitrate salt. 
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 10 , wherein the nitrite or nitrate salt has the formula:
   A[NO x ] m      wherein x is 2 or 3;   wherein A is selected from monovalent cations, divalent cations, and trivalent cations; and   wherein m is 1, 2 or 3.   
     
     
         12 . A composition comprising:
 an organic photoactivator to receive an electron when the photoactivator is in a photo-excited state;   an electron donor which donates the electron to the photoactivator when the photoactivator is in the photo-excited state to reduce the photoactivator and initiate conversion of a gasotransmitter salt into a gasotransmitter; and   the gasotransmitter salt which converts into the gasotransmitter via reduction when the photoactivator is reduced by the electron,   wherein the composition is in a form selected from the group consisting of ointments, salves, and creams.   
     
     
         13 . The composition of  claim 12 , wherein the electron donor is selected from alcohols, amines, thiols, sugars, and boranes, and derivatives thereof. 
     
     
         14 . The composition of  claim 13 , wherein the electron donor is selected from secondary alcohols, tertiary amines, and heteroaromatic thiols, and derivatives thereof. 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 14 , wherein the electron donor is selected from isopropyl alcohol, 2-hexanol, cyclohexanol, triethylamine, ethylene diamine tetracarboxylic acid, diethylene triamine pentacarboxylic acid, and diethylene triamine pentaphosphonic acid. 
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 12 , wherein the gasotransmitter salt is a nitrite or nitrate salt. 
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 16 , wherein the nitrite or nitrate salt has the formula:
   A[NO x ] m      wherein x is 2 or 3;   wherein A is selected from monovalent cations, divalent cations, and trivalent cations; and   wherein m is 1, 2 or 3.   
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 12 , further comprising a moisture activated active pharmaceutical ingredient. 
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 12 , wherein the photoactivator is selected from benzophenone, anthraquinone, thioxanthone, and ketocoumarin, and derivatives thereof. 
     
     
         20 . The composition of  claim 19 , wherein the photoactivator comprises a hydrophilic moiety selected from the group consisting of alcohol; amine; amide; carboxylic acid; sulfonic acid and phosphate alkylene oxide oligomers; alkylene oxide polymers; alkylene oxide copolymers; ethylene glycol; vinyl alcohol; vinyl pyrrolidone; acrylic acid; methacrylic acid; acrylamide; cellulose; carboxymethyl cellulose; chitosan; dextran; 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline; hydroxyethyl methacrylate; vinyl pyridine-N-oxide; diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; maleic acid; lysine; isopropyl acrylamide; styrene sulfonic acid; vinyl methyl ether; vinyl phosphonic acid; and ethylene imine; and mixtures thereof.