Surgical navigation systems and methods

Abstract

A system, including various apparatus and methods, for surgical navigation is provided. The system is configured to track the spine of a patient by capturing images via one or more cameras. The cameras are configured to capture images of one or more arrays. The system transmits the images to a computer system. The one or more arrays are releasably secured with the spine of the patient, such as by a spine pin or a spine clamp. The system can determine the spatial position and orientation of relevant anatomical features, implants, and instruments using and processing the captured images.

1 - 20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . A computer-implemented method for surgical navigation, comprising:
 displaying a start-up menu having a selection area on a display screen;   receiving a first input from the selection area having case-specific information;   obtaining an image data set based on the first input;   displaying a surgical planning menu on the display screen based on the first input;   receiving a second input from the surgical planning menu including any one of (i) a level selection, (ii) a screw type selection, (iii) a screw size selection, or (iv) any combination of (i)-(iii);   displaying a surgical planning screen on the display screen, the surgical planning screen having one or more views of the image data set;   receiving a third input from the surgical planning screen including any one of (v) a determined anatomical measurement, (vi) a trajectory of a screw, or (vii) any combination of (v)-(vi); and   generating a surgical plan based on the first input, the second input, and the third input.   
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the case-specific information includes any one of (viii) an anatomical region that is subject of a surgical procedure, (ix) one or more levels of the surgical procedure, (x) a surgical approach, or (xi) any combination of (viii)-(x). 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 21 , further comprising:
 retrieving a stored template and a surgeon profile;   displaying a menu of the stored template and the surgeon profile on the display screen; and   receiving a fourth input from the menu of the stored template and the surgeon profile comprising a selection of any one of (viii) the stored template, (ix) the surgeon profile, or (x) the stored template and the surgeon profile,   wherein displaying the surgical planning menu and displaying the surgical planning screen is based on the fourth input.   
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 21 , further comprising:
 displaying a registration menu screen on the display screen;   receiving a selection of a registration method from the registration menu screen;   receiving one or more images; and   performing registration using the one or more images based on the selection of the registration method.   
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 21 , further comprising:
 displaying an instrument setup menu on the display screen;   receiving a fourth input from the instrument setup menu comprising a description of an instrument;   displaying an array assignment menu on the display screen;   receiving a fifth input from the array assignment menu comprising an assignment of an array to the instrument;   receiving one or more images of the array and a second array configured to be releasably secured with a vertebra via a connection with a spine pin;   determining a surgical instrument location and an anatomy location based on the one or more images;   generating a surgical representation including a surgical instrument representation overlaid on an anatomy representation based on the fourth input, the fifth input, the surgical instrument location, and the anatomy location; and   displaying the surgical representation on the display screen.   
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 25 , further comprising:
 generating a simulated trajectory on the surgical representation displayed on the display screen based on the surgical instrument location and the anatomy location.   
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 26 , further comprising:
 displaying a tool menu with the surgical representation on the display screen, the tool menu comprising options that include any one of (viii) a system type option, (ix) an implant type option, (x) a screw type option of the simulated trajectory, or (xi) any combination of (viii)-(x);   receiving a sixth input from the tool menu comprising a selected option; and   generating the selected option on the surgical representation displayed on the display screen based on the simulated trajectory.   
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 21 , further comprising:
 generating a view of a surgical site based on the surgical plan; and   displaying the view of the surgical site on the display screen.   
     
     
         29 . A system for surgical navigation, comprising:
 a display screen; and   a computer system including a processor, wherein the computer system is configured to:
 display a start-up menu comprising a selection area on the display screen; 
 receive a first input from the selection area comprising case-specific information; 
 obtaining an image data set based on the first input; 
 display a surgical planning menu on the display screen based on the first input; 
 receive a second input from the surgical planning menu comprising any one of (i) a level selection, (ii) a screw type selection, (iii) a screw size selection, or (iv) any combination of (i)-(iii); 
 display a surgical planning screen on the display screen, the surgical planning screen comprising one or more views of the image data set; 
 receive a third input from the surgical planning screen comprising any one of (v) a determined anatomical measurement, (vi) a trajectory of a screw, or (vii) any combination of (v)-(vi); and 
 generate a surgical plan based on the first input, the second input, and the third input. 
   
     
     
         30 . The system of  claim 29 , wherein the case-specific information comprises any one of (viii) an anatomical region that is subject of a surgical procedure, (ix) one or more levels of the surgical procedure, (x) a surgical approach, or (xi) any combination of (viii)-(x). 
     
     
         31 . The system of  claim 29 , wherein the computer system is further configured to:
 retrieve a stored template and a surgeon profile;   display a menu of the stored template and the surgeon profile on the display screen; and   receive a fourth input from the menu of the stored template and the surgeon profile comprising a selection of any one of (viii) the stored template, (ix) the surgeon profile, or (x) the stored template and the surgeon profile,   wherein to display the surgical planning menu and to display the surgical planning screen is based on the fourth input.   
     
     
         32 . The system of  claim 29 , wherein the computer system is further configured to:
 display a registration menu screen on the display screen;   receive a selection of a registration method from the registration menu screen;   receive one or more images; and   perform registration using the one or more images based on the selection of the registration method.   
     
     
         33 . The system of  claim 29 , wherein the computer system is further configured to:
 display an instrument setup menu on the display screen;   receive a fourth input from the instrument setup menu comprising a description of an instrument;   display an array assignment menu on the display screen; and   receive a fifth input from the array assignment menu comprising an assignment of an array to the instrument.   
     
     
         34 . The system of  claim 33 , further comprising:
 a second array being configured to be releasably secured with a vertebra via a connection with a spine pin; and   at least one camera configured to track the array and the second array,   wherein the computer system is further configured to:
 receive one or more images of the array and the second array from the at least one camera; 
 determine a surgical instrument location and an anatomy location based on the one or more images; 
 generate a surgical representation including a surgical instrument representation overlaid on an anatomy representation based on the fourth input, the fifth input, the surgical instrument location, and the anatomy location; and 
 display the surgical representation on the display screen. 
   
     
     
         35 . The system of  claim 34 , wherein the computer system is further configured to:
 generate a simulated trajectory on the surgical representation displayed on the display screen based on the surgical instrument location and the anatomy location.   
     
     
         36 . The system of  claim 35 , wherein the computer system is further configured to:
 display a tool menu with the surgical representation on the display screen, the tool menu comprising options that include any one of (viii) a system type option, (ix) an implant type option, (x) a screw type option of the simulated trajectory, or (xi) any combination of (viii)-(x);   receive a sixth input from the tool menu comprising a selected option; and   generate the selected option on the surgical representation displayed on the display screen based on the simulated trajectory.   
     
     
         37 . The system of  claim 29 , wherein the computer system is further configured to:
 generate a view of a surgical site based on the surgical plan; and   display the view of the surgical site on the display screen.   
     
     
         38 . The system of  claim 37 , wherein the view of the surgical site on the display screen comprises any one of (viii) a simulated trajectory based on the surgical plan, (ix) a bookmark screw based on the surgical plan, or (x) a combination of (viii) and (ix). 
     
     
         39 . The system of  claim 38 , wherein the computer system is further configured to:
 receive a fourth input from the view of the surgical site; and   based on the fourth input, removing from the view of the surgical site on the display screen any one of (xi) the simulated trajectory, (xii) the bookmark screw, or (xiii) a combination of (xi) and (xii).   
     
     
         40 . The system of  claim 29 , wherein the one or more views of the image data set comprise any one of (viii) an axial view, (ix) a sagittal view, (x) a coronal view, or (xi) any combination of (viii)-(x).