Composite products

Abstract

A sugar-based binder composition for manufacturing a composite product, notably a wood board, comprises at least one further particulate additive selected from the group consisting of:—particulate additive(s) having a BET specific surface area which is ≥50 m2/g;—amorphous silica particles;—fumed silica particles; and—untreated fumed silica particles.

1 .- 26 . (canceled) 
     
     
         27 . A method of manufacturing plywood comprising a stack of individual veneers, the method comprising:
 applying a binder composition in the form of an aqueous solution to one or more of the individual veneers to provide one or more individual resinated veneers,   arranging the one or more individual resinated veneers in the stack of individual veneers wherein the direction of the grain in adjacent veneers is offset at right angles; and   subjecting the stack to heat and pressure to cure the binder composition to form the plywood;   wherein the binder composition is a sugar-based binder composition which comprises:   polymerizable reactants, wherein at least 50% by dry weight of the polymerizable reactants comprise reactants selected from: i) one or more reducing sugar reactants; ii) one or more reactants which under curing conditions will generate one or more reducing sugar reactants; iii) curable reaction product(s) of one or more reducing sugar reactant(s); iv) reactants which under curing conditions will react with the one or more reducing sugar reactants; and v) combinations of the aforementioned reactants;—optional fillers, and   at least one further particulate additive wherein the at least one further particulate additive comprises fumed silica particles.   
     
     
         28 . A method of manufacturing a wood board, comprising:
 applying a binder composition in the form of an aqueous solution to loose wood matter to provide resinated loose wood matter,   arranging the resinated wood matter as a sheet of loosely arranged resinated wood matter; and   subjecting the sheet of loosely arranged resinated wood matter to heat and pressure to cure the binder composition and to form the wood board from the sheet of loosely arranged resinated wood;   wherein the binder composition is a sugar-based binder composition which comprises:   polymerizable reactants, wherein at least 50% by dry weight of the polymerizable reactants comprise reactants selected from: i) one or more reducing sugar reactants; ii) one or more reactants which under curing conditions will generate one or more reducing sugar reactants; iii) curable reaction product(s) of one or more reducing sugar reactant(s); iv) reactants which under curing conditions will react with the one or more reducing sugar reactants; and v) combinations of the aforementioned reactants;—optional fillers, and   at least one further particulate additive selected from the group consisting of:
 particulate additive(s) having a BET specific surface area which is ≥50 m 2 /g as measured in accordance with the ISO 9277 standard; 
 synthetic amorphous silica particles; 
 fumed silica particles; and 
 untreated fumed silica particles. 
   
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the polymerizable reactants consist essentially of Maillard reactant(s) and comprise:
 the one or more reducing sugar reactants and/or the curable reaction product(s) of one or more reducing sugar reactant(s); and   one or more nitrogen containing reactants.   
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the at least one further particulate additive is a particulate additive having a BET specific surface area which is ≥50 m 2 /g. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein the at least one further particulate additive has a BET specific surface area which is ≤600 m 2 /g. 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the at least one further particulate additive is a particulate additive having a mean primary particle size which is ≥5 nm and ≤100 nm. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the at least one further particulate additive comprises synthetic amorphous silica particles. 
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the at least one further particulate additive comprises untreated fumed silica. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the at least one further particulate additive comprises hydrophilic particles. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the sugar-based binder composition comprises:
 a) at least 1 wt % of the at least one further particulate additive by dry weight of the sugar-based binder composition; and/or   b) no more than 15 wt % of the at least one further particulate additive by dry weight of the sugar-based binder composition.   
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the at least one reducing sugar reactant is selected from the group consisting of xylose, dextrose, fructose and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the polymerizable reactants comprise at least one reducing sugar reactant and at least one nitrogen-containing reactant. 
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the polymerizable reactants comprise curable reaction product(s) of at least one reducing sugar reactant and at least one nitrogen-containing reactant. 
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 29 , wherein the at least one nitrogen-containing reactant comprises polyprimary polyamine(s) selected from the group consisting of: diprimary diamines, 1,6-diaminohexane; triprimary triamine(s), 4-(aminomethyl)-1,8-octanediamine; and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         41 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the polymerizable reactants consist essentially of Maillard reactant(s) and comprise:
 the one or more reducing sugar reactants and/or the curable reaction product(s) of one or more reducing sugar reactant(s); and   one or more nitrogen containing reactants;   and wherein the one or more reducing sugar reactants are selected from the group consisting of xylose, dextrose, fructose and combinations thereof.   
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the polymerizable reactants consist essentially of Maillard reactant(s) and comprise:
 the one or more reducing sugar reactants and/or the curable reaction product(s) of one or more reducing sugar reactant(s); and   one or more nitrogen containing reactants;   and wherein the one or more nitrogen containing reactants are selected from the group consisting of 1,6-diaminohexane, 4-(aminomethyl)-1,8-octanediamine and combinations thereof.   
     
     
         43 . The method of  claim 29 , wherein the polymerizable reactants comprise between 60 wt % and 95 wt % of the at least one reducing sugar reactant and between 5 wt % and 40 wt % of the at least one nitrogen-containing reactant based on the total dry weight of the polymerizable reactants. 
     
     
         44 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the sugar-based binder composition comprises:
 a) at least 40 wt % of the polymerizable reactants based on the total dry weight of the binder composition; and/or   b) less than 99 wt %, less than 97 wt %, less than 95 wt %, less than 90 wt %, less than 80 wt %, or less than 70 wt % of the polymerizable reactants based on the total dry weight of the binder composition.   
     
     
         45 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the sugar-based binder composition comprises between 3 wt % and 50 wt % of the optional filler(s) based on the total dry weight of the binder composition. 
     
     
         46 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the optional fillers comprise one or more fillers selected from the group consisting of almond shell flour, kaolin, calcium carbonate, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         47 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the binder composition is applied to the loose wood matter in the form of an aqueous solution which comprises 40 to 95 wt % of solids based on the total weight of the aqueous binder composition. 
     
     
         48 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the wood boards comprise at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90% or at least 95% by weight of wood matter. 
     
     
         49 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the wood board is selected from the group consisting of: plywood; a P4 particleboard; an oriented strand board; a hardboard (HB), a medium board (MBL or MBH), a softboard (SB), and a medium density fiber board (MDF). 
     
     
         50 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein:
 the wood board is plywood comprising a stack of individual veneers,   the loose wood matter comprises one or more of the individual veneers,   the resinated wood matter comprises one or more individual resinated veneers,   arranging the resinated wood matter as a sheet of loosely arranged resinated wood matter comprises arranging the resinated veneers in a stack wherein the direction of the grain in adjacent veneers is offset at right angles.   
     
     
         51 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein:
 the wood board is wood particle board, and   the loose wood matter comprises wood particles.