Method and apparatus for incineration of substances using rotary generated thermal energy

Abstract

A method for disposal of harmful and/or toxic substances by incineration is provided, the method comprising generation of a heated fluidic medium by at least one rotary apparatus comprising: a casing with at least one inlet and at least one exit, a rotor comprising at least one row of rotor blades arranged over a circumference of a rotor hub mounted onto a rotor shaft, and a stator configured as an assembly of stationary vanes arranged at least upstream of the at least one row of rotor blades. In the method, an amount of thermal energy is imparted to a stream of fluidic medium directed along a flow path formed inside the casing between the inlet and the exit by virtue of a series of energy transformations occurring when said stream of fluidic medium passes through the stationary guide vanes and the at least one row of rotor blades, respectively. The method further comprises: integration of said at least one rotary apparatus into an incineration process facility configured as an incineration facility and further configured to carry out incineration process or processes related to disposal of harmful and/or toxic substances by incineration at temperatures essentially equal to or exceeding 500 degrees Celsius (° C.), and conducting an amount of input energy into the at least one rotary apparatus integrated into the incineration process facility, the input energy comprises electrical energy. A rotary apparatus and related uses are further provided.

1 . A method for disposal of substances by incineration, the method comprising generation of a heated fluidic medium by at least one rotary apparatus integrated into an incineration facility, the at least one rotary apparatus comprising:
 a casing with at least one inlet and at least one exit,   a rotor comprising at least one row of rotor blades arranged over a circumference of a rotor hub mounted onto a rotor shaft, and   a plurality of stationary vanes arranged into an assembly at least upstream of the at least one row of rotor blades,   wherein an amount of thermal energy is imparted to a stream of fluidic medium directed along a flow path formed inside the casing between the inlet and the exit by virtue of a series of energy transformations occurring when said stream of fluidic medium passes through the stationary vanes and the at least one row of rotor blades, respectively, whereby a stream of heated fluidic medium is generated,   the method further comprising:
 conducting an amount of input energy into the at least one rotary apparatus integrated into the incineration facility, the input energy comprising electrical energy, 
 supplying the stream of heated fluidic medium generated by the at least one rotary apparatus into the incineration production facility, and 
 operating said at least one rotary apparatus and said incineration facility to carry out incineration process or processes at temperatures essentially equal to or exceeding about 500 degrees Celsius (° C.). 
   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein, in the incineration facility, the at least one rotary apparatus is connected to at least one incineration unit configured to carry out incineration process or processes at temperatures essentially equal to or exceeding about 500 degrees Celsius (° C.). 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , comprising supplying the stream of heated fluidic medium generated by at least one rotary apparatus into the at least one incineration unit within the incineration facility. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein the at least one incineration unit comprises or consists of: an incinerator, a furnace, an oven, a kiln, a burner, a heater, a dryer, a conveyor device, a reactor, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , comprising generation, by at least one rotary apparatus, of the fluidic medium heated to the temperature essentially equal to or exceeding about 500 degrees Celsius (° C.), preferably, to the temperature essentially equal to or exceeding about 1200° C., still preferably, to the temperature essentially equal to or exceeding about 1500° C. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , comprising adjusting velocity and/or pressure of the stream of fluidic medium propagating through the rotary apparatus, to produce conditions at which the stream of the heated fluidic medium is generated. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , in which the heated fluidic medium is generated by at least one rotary apparatus comprising two or more rows of rotor blades sequentially arranged along the rotor shaft. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , in which the heated fluidic medium is generated by at least one rotary apparatus further comprising a diffuser area arranged downstream of the at least one row of rotor blades, the method comprises operating the at least one rotary apparatus integrated into the incineration facility such, that an amount of thermal energy is imparted to a stream of fluidic medium directed along a flow path formed inside the casing between the inlet and the exit by virtue of a series of energy transformations occurring when said stream of fluidic medium successively passes through the stationary vanes, the rotor blades and the diffuser area, respectively, whereby a stream of heated fluidic medium is generated. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein, in said rotary apparatus, the diffuser area is configured with or without stationary diffuser vanes. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1 , in which the amount of thermal energy added to the stream of fluidic medium propagating through the rotary apparatus is controlled by adjusting the amount of input energy conducted into the at least one rotary apparatus integrated into the incineration facility. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising arranging an additional heating apparatus downstream of the at least one rotary apparatus and introducing a reactive compound or a mixture of reactive compounds to the stream of fluidic medium propagating through said additional heating apparatus, whereupon the amount of thermal energy is added to said stream of fluidic medium through exothermic reaction(s). 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the reactive compound or a mixture of reactive compounds is introduced to the stream of fluidic medium preheated to a predetermined temperature. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the reactive compound or a mixture of reactive compounds is introduced to the stream of fluidic medium preheated to a temperature essentially equal to or exceeding about 1500° C. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein preheating of the stream of fluidic medium to the predetermined temperature is implemented in the rotary apparatus. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 1 , comprising generation of the heated fluidic medium by at least two rotary apparatuses integrated into the incineration facility, wherein the at least two rotary apparatuses are connected in parallel or in series. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , comprising generation of the heated fluidic medium by at least two sequentially connected rotary apparatuses, wherein the stream of fluidic medium is preheated to a predetermined temperature in at least a first rotary apparatus in a sequence, and wherein said stream of fluidic medium is further heated in at least a second rotary apparatus in the sequence by inputting an additional amount of thermal energy into the stream of preheated fluidic medium propagating through said second rotary apparatus. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein, in at least the first rotary apparatus in the sequence, the stream of fluidic medium is preheated to a temperature essentially equal to or exceeding about 1500° C. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the additional amount of thermal energy is added to the stream of fluidic medium propagating through said at least second rotary apparatus in the sequence by virtue of introducing the reactive compound or a mixture of reactive compounds into said stream. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 1 , comprising introducing the reactive compound or a mixture of reactive compounds into the incineration process. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the fluidic medium that enters the rotary apparatus is an essentially gaseous medium. 
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 1 , comprising generation of the heated fluidic medium in the rotary apparatus. 
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the heated fluidic medium generated in the rotary apparatus is a harmful and/or toxic gas. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the heated fluidic medium generated in the rotary apparatus is a gas containing any one of: Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), odorous gases, or any combination thereof. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the heated fluidic medium generated in the rotary apparatus comprises any one of: air, steam (H 2 O), nitrogen (N 2 ), hydrogen (H 2 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH 4 ), or any combination thereof. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the heated fluidic medium generated in the rotary apparatus is a recycle gas recycled from exhaust gases generated during incineration process(es) in the incineration facility. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising generation of a heated fluidic medium, such as gas, vapor, liquid, and mixtures thereof, and/or heated solid materials outside the rotary apparatus through a process of heat transfer between the heated fluidic medium generated in the rotary apparatus and any one of the above-mentioned substances bypassing the rotary apparatus. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising increasing pressure in the stream of fluidic medium propagating through the rotary apparatus. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 1 , in which the amount of electrical energy conducted as the input energy into the at least one rotary apparatus integrated in the incineration facility is within a range of about 5 percent to 100 percent. 
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the amount of electrical energy conducted as the input energy into the at least one rotary apparatus integrated in the incineration facility is obtainable from a source of renewable energy or a combination of different sources of energy, optionally, renewable energy. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the at least one rotary apparatus is utilized to balance variations, such as oversupply and shortage, in the amount of electrical energy, optionally renewable electrical energy, by virtue of being integrated, into the incineration facility, together with an at least one non-electrical energy operable heater device. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein energy efficiency of the incineration facility is improved and/or wherein greenhouse gas and particle emissions in the incineration facility are reduced. 
     
     
         32 . An incineration facility comprising at least one rotary apparatus configured to generate a heated fluidic medium, and at least one incineration unit configured to carry out a process or processes related to incineration, the at least one rotary apparatus comprising:
 a casing with at least one inlet and at least one exit,   a rotor comprising at least one row of rotor blades arranged over a circumference of a rotor hub mounted onto a rotor shaft, and   a plurality of stationary vanes arranged into an assembly at least upstream of the at least one row of rotor blades,   wherein the at least one rotary apparatus is configured to operate such that an amount of thermal energy is imparted to a stream of fluidic medium directed along a flow path formed inside the casing between the inlet and the exit by virtue of a series of energy transformations occurring when said stream of fluidic medium passes through the stationary vanes and the at least one row of rotor blades, respectively, whereby a stream of heated fluidic medium is generated, and   wherein said at least one rotary apparatus is configured to receive an amount of input energy, the input energy comprising electrical energy, and to generate a heated fluidic medium for inputting thermal energy into at least one incineration unit configured to carry out incineration process(es) at temperatures essentially equal to or exceeding about 500 degrees Celsius (° C.).   
     
     
         33 . The incineration facility of  claim 32 , wherein the at least one incineration unit comprises or consists of: an incinerator, a furnace, an oven, a kiln, a burner, a heater, a dryer, a conveyor device, a reactor, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         34 . The incineration facility of  claim 32 , wherein the at least one rotary apparatus comprises two or more rows of rotor blades sequentially arranged along the rotor shaft. 
     
     
         35 . The incineration facility of  claim 32 , wherein the at least one rotary apparatus further comprises a diffuser area arranged downstream of the at least one row of rotor blades. 
     
     
         36 . The incineration facility of  claim 32 , wherein the rotary apparatus comprises the diffuser area configured with or without stationary diffuser vanes. 
     
     
         37 . The incineration facility of  claim 32 , wherein the at least one rotary apparatus is further configured to increase pressure in the fluidic stream propagating therethrough. 
     
     
         38 . The incineration facility of  claim 32 , wherein at least two rotary apparatuses are arranged into an assembly and connected in parallel or in series. 
     
     
         39 . The incineration facility of  claim 32 , configured to implement incineration of waste gas via a process of thermal oxidation. 
     
     
         40 . An incineration facility, configured to implement a process or processes for disposal of harmful and/or toxic substances by incineration through a method as defined in  claim 1 . 
     
     
         41 . Use of the method as defined in  claim 1  for disposal of harmful and/or toxic substances by incineration. 
     
     
         42 . Use of the facility as defined in  claim 32  for disposal of harmful and/or toxic substances by incineration.