System and method for using microsaccade dynamics to measure attentional response to a stimulus

Abstract

A system and method for determining a subject's attentional response to a stimulus. The method includes measuring microsaccadic eye movement dynamics of the subject, detecting whether a microsaccadic signature (a suppression in microsaccadic rate) is present in the measured microsaccadic eye movement relative to a time of the stimulus, and correlating the subject's attentional response to the stimulus based on the detection. The method further includes determining that the stimulus was sensed if the microsaccadic signature is present and determining that the stimulus was not sensed if the microsaccadic signature is absent.

1 . A method for determining a subject's attentional response to a stimulus, the method comprising the steps of:
 receiving eye movement traces of the subject over a time period including a time of the stimulus;   determining, from the eye movement traces, a microsaccade rate of the subject over the time period;   detecting whether a microsaccadic signature is present in the eye movements relative to the time of the stimulus, the microsaccadic signature being a suppression of the microsaccade rate below a baseline rate; and   generating a report indicating the subject's attentional response to the stimulus based on the detection.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1  and further comprising determining the baseline rate from the determined microsaccade rate of the subject. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the baseline rate is a predetermined threshold obtained from a host device. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein generating the report includes indicating one of sensed, not sensed, unconscious response, conscious response, and subconscious response. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1  and further comprising receiving user input regarding whether the stimulus is acknowledged by the subject and correlating the subject's attentional response to the stimulus based on the detection and the user input; and wherein generating the report indicating the subject's attentional response includes indicating one of an unconscious response, a conscious response, and a subconscious response based on the detection and the user input. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1  and further comprising measuring a magnitude of the detected suppression and correlating the magnitude of the detected suppression to a magnitude of attentional response. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein generating the report includes indicating the magnitude of the subject's attentional response. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1  and further comprising determining, from the eye movement traces, trajectories of microsaccades with respect to a field of view of the subject. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8  and further comprising determining, from the eye movements, a directional bias of the microsaccades based on the trajectories and identifying a location of attentional focus of the subject with the field of view based on the directional bias. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein generating the report includes indicating the identified location of attentional focus of the subject. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1  and further comprising presenting the stimulus to the subject through one of an image and a video. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein receiving eye movement traces includes obtaining the eye movement traces from an eye tracking device. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein detecting whether the microsaccadic signature is present includes detecting, by a host device in communication with the eye tracking device, whether the microsaccadic signature is present. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein receiving eye movement traces includes obtaining recorded data of the eye movement traces. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein receiving eye movement traces includes obtaining the eye movement traces from one of an optical eye tracking device, an eye coil, and a video. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 1  and further comprising generating a stimulus detection threshold, based on the detection, indicating a probability of the subject responding to a future stimulus. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the stimulus detection threshold includes a first stimulus detection threshold indicating a probability of a subconscious response and a second stimulus detection threshold indicating a probability of a conscious response. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 1  and further comprising displaying the report on a display of a host device. 
     
     
         19 . A method for determining a subject's attentional response to a stimulus, the method comprising the steps of:
 monitoring eye movements of the subject over a time period including a time of the stimulus;   measuring microsaccadic eye movement dynamics of the subject based on the eye movements;   calculating, from the microsaccadic eye movement dynamics, microsaccade rate over a time period including a time of the stimulus;   detecting whether a microsaccade rate suppression event is present in the measured microsaccadic eye movement relative to the time of the stimulus;   determining the subject's attentional response to the stimulus based on the detection; and   generating a stimulus detection threshold based on the determined attentional response to the stimulus, the stimulus detection threshold indicating a probability of the subject responding to the stimulus based on information about the stimulus.   
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 19  and further comprising storing, in memory of a host device, the generated stimulus detection threshold.