Lubricant composition and use thereof

Abstract

A lubricant composition comprising a base oil; at least one additive; and 0.001-10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of an organic compound comprising both a polar moiety and a nonpolar moiety, as lubricity improver, wherein the organic compound has a relative permittivity εr in the range from 1.5 to 10, and a quotient ∫S1/∫S2 for the organic compound is in the range from 1 to 25, wherein ∫S1 denotes the sum total of the area(s) of the IR absorption band(s) in the wavenumber range of 3100-2750 cm−1 in an ATR spectrum of the organic compound, and ∫S2 denotes the sum total of the area(s) of the IR absorption band(s) in the wavenumber range of 1800-1650 cm−1 in an ATR spectrum of the organic compound.

1 : A lubricant composition comprising:
 A) a base oil;   B) at least one additive; and   C) 0.001-10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of an organic compound comprising both a polar moiety and a nonpolar moiety, as lubricity improver,   wherein the organic compound has a relative permittivity ε r  in the range from 1.5 to 10, and a quotient ∫S 1 /∫S 2  for the organic compound is in the range from 1 to 25,   wherein ∫S 1  denotes the sum total of the area(s) of the IR absorption band(s) in the wavenumber range of 3100-2750 cm −1  in an ATR spectrum of the organic compound, and   ∫S 2  denotes the sum total of the area(s) of the IR absorption band(s) in the wavenumber range of 1800-1650 cm −1  in an ATR spectrum of the organic compound.   
     
     
         2 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the amount of the organic compound is 0.001-5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. 
     
     
         3 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the amount of the at least one additive is 0.01-10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. 
     
     
         4 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the at least one additive is selected from antioxidants, antiwear additives, friction modifiers, high-pressure additives, anticorrosives, nonferrous metal deactivators, ion complex formers, solid-state lubricants, dispersants, pour point and viscosity improvers, UV stabilizers, emulsifiers, color indicators and defoamers. 
     
     
         5 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 1 , comprising:
 A) the base oil;   B) 0.01-10% by weight of the at least one additive, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition; and   C) 0.001-5% by weight of the organic compound, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition,
 where the constituents present add up to a total of 100% by weight. 
   
     
     
         6 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the at least one additive is an additive mixture comprising one or more antioxidants, one or more antiwear and/or high-pressure additives, one or more defoamers, optionally one or more nonferrous metal deactivators, optionally one or more anticorrosives, and optionally a color indicator. 
     
     
         7 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 1 , comprising:
 A) the base oil;   B) 0.01-6.0% by weight of the at least one additive, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, wherein the at least one additive is an additive mixture comprising:
 one or more antioxidants, selected from phenolic antioxidants, aminic antioxidants, propionates and thiopropionates; 
 one or more defoamers, selected from ethoxylated and/or propoxylated alcohols having chain lengths of 10-18 carbon atoms, polyols, acrylates and polysiloxanes; 
 one or more antiwear and/or high-pressure additives, selected from amines, amine phosphates, branched and/or linear alkylated phosphates, phosphites, thiophosphates, and phosphothionates, aryl phosphates, alkylated polysulfides, sulfonated amine compounds, sulfonated fatty acid methyl esters, naphthenic acids, nanoparticles selected from Al 2 O 3 , SiO2, TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , WO 3 , Ta 2 O 5 , V 2 O 5 , CeO 2 , aluminum titanate, BN, MoSi 2 , SiC, Si 3 N 4 , TiC, TiN, ZrB 2 , clay minerals and mixtures thereof, sulfonic salts, and thermally stable carbonates and sulfates; 
 optionally one or more nonferrous metal deactivators, selected from triazole compounds, salicylates and mercaptothiadiazoles, and derivatives thereof; 
 optionally one or more anticorrosives selected from the group of the carboxylic acid metal salts, sulfonic acid metal salts, naphthalenesulfonic acid metal salts, benzenesulfonic acid metal salts, benzoic acid metal salts, naphthoic acid metal salts, naphthenic acid metal salts and N-methylglycine, and derivatives thereof; and 
 optionally, as color indicator, 2,5-thiophenediylbis(5-tert-butyl-1,3-benzoxazole); and 
   C) 0.001-2.5% by weight of the organic compound, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition,   where the constituents present add up to a total of 100% by weight.   
     
     
         8 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the lubricant composition comprises an ester compound as additional component D). 
     
     
         9 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the ester compound is selected from natural glyceride esters, polyol esters, polyol complex esters, dimer acid esters and dimer acid complex esters, aliphatic carboxylic and dicarboxylic esters, trimellitic and pyromellitic esters, and phosphate esters, and mixtures of two or more of these. 
     
     
         10 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the amount of the ester compound is 0.1-85% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. 
     
     
         11 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the lubricant composition comprises:
 A) the base oil;   B) 0.5-7% by weight of the at least one additive, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition;   C) 0.1-10% by weight of the organic compound, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition; and   D) 0.1-85% by weight of the ester compound, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition   where the constituents present add up to a total of 100% by weight.   
     
     
         12 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the ester compound is selected from neopentyl glycol esters, trimethylolpropane esters and pentaerythritol esters that have been esterified with saturated and/or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear and/or branched monocarboxylic acids of chain length C4-C36; and neopentyl glycol complex esters, trimethylolpropane complex esters and pentaerythritol complex esters that have been fully esterified or partly esterified with saturated and/or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear and/or branched monocarboxylic acids of chain length C4-C36 and with saturated and/or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear and/or branched dicarboxylic acids of chain length C4-C36 in any mixture; and mixtures of two or more of these. 
     
     
         13 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the base oil is selected from oil-soluble polyglycols, poly alphaolefins, metallocene polyalphaolefins, white oils, mineral oils, farnesene-based oils, estolides, and mixtures of two or more of these. 
     
     
         14 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the at least one additive is an additive mixture comprising:
 one or more antioxidants, selected from aminic antioxidants, phenolic antioxidants, phosphites, phosphorothionates and thiocarbamates;   one or more nonferrous metal deactivators, selected from triazole compounds, salicylates and mercaptothiadiazoles, and derivatives thereof;   one or more anticorrosives, selected from neutral carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, benzoic acid, naphthoic acid, naphthenic acid and phosphoric acid metal salts, and N-methylglycine and derivatives thereof;   optionally one or more defoamers, selected from ethoxylated and/or propoxylated alcohols having chain lengths of 10-18 carbon atoms, polyols, acrylates and polysiloxanes; and   optionally one or more antiwear and/or high-pressure additives, selected from amines, amine phosphates, branched and/or linear alkylated phosphates, phosphites, thiophosphates, and phosphothionates, aryl phosphates, alkylated polysulfides, sulfonated amine compounds, sulfonated fatty acid methyl esters, naphthenic acids, nanoparticles selected from Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , WO 3 , Ta 2 O 5 , V 2 O 5 , CeO 2 , aluminum titanate, BN, MoSi 2 , SiC, Si 3 N 4 , TiC, TiN, ZrB 2 , clay minerals and mixtures thereof, sulfonic salts, and thermally stable carbonates and sulfates.   
     
     
         15 : The lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 8 , comprising
 A) the base oil, wherein the base oil is selected from oil-soluble polyglycols, polyalphaolefins and metallocene polyalphaolefins, and mixtures of two or more of these;   B) 0.5-5% by weight of the at least one additive, wherein the at least one additive is an additive mixture comprising one or more aminic antioxidants, one or more neutral sulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid and/or benzenesulfonic acid metal salts, one or more triazole compounds and/or derivatives thereof, and one or more polysiloxanes;   C) 0.1-5% by weight of the organic compound; and   D) 10-85% by weight of the ester compound, wherein the ester compound is pentaerythritol esters;   where the stated amounts are each based on the total weight of the lubricant composition and the constituents present add up to a total of 100% by weight.   
     
     
         16 : A system comprising the lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the system is selected from a gear, a bearing, a transmission, hydraulics, a linear guide, a pneumatic component, an instrument, a chain, a cable, a spring, a propeller, a compressor, and a machine component, optionally wherein the system is configured to come into occasional unintentional contact with foodstuffs. 
     
     
         17 : A system comprising the lubricant composition as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the system is selected from a gear, a bearing, a transmission, hydraulics, a propeller rudder, a propeller shaft, a linear guide, a pneumatic component, an instrument, a chain, a cable, a spring, a propeller, a machine, and a machine component, optionally wherein the system is configured to come into contact with saltwater in the marine sector, with water and/or aqueous media in inland waterways, or with water and/or aqueous media when the system is on land. 
     
     
         18 : The system of  claim 16 , wherein the gear is selected from spur, bevel, planetary, worm, hypoid, and cycloid, and/or the bearing is selected from slide and roller. 
     
     
         19 : The system of  claim 17 , wherein the bearing is selected from slide, roller, and stem tube.