Automated Real-Time Data Stream Switching in a Shared Virtual Area Communication Environment

Abstract

Switching real-time data stream connections between network nodes sharing a virtual area is described. In one aspect, the switching involves storing a virtual area specification. The virtual area specification includes a description of one or more switching rules each defining a respective connection between sources of a respective real-time data stream type and sinks of the real-time data stream type in terms of positions in the virtual area. Real-time data stream connections are established between network nodes associated with respective objects each of which is associated with at least one of a source and a sink of one or more of the real-time data stream types. The real-time data stream connections are established based on the one or more switching rules, the respective sources and sinks associated with the objects, and respective positions of the objects in the virtual area.

1 - 25 . (canceled) 
     
     
         26 . A method of switching real-time data stream connections between network nodes sharing a virtual area, comprising:
 storing a virtual area specification comprising a description of one or more switching rules each defining a respective connection between sources of a respective real-time data stream type and sinks of the real-time data stream type in terms of positions in the virtual area, wherein:
 the virtual area specification comprises a description of one or more zones in the virtual area; and 
 the one or more switching rules associate with one or more of the zones (i) a respective real-time data stream type that is sourced from the zone and (ii) a respective one of the zones into which the respective real-time data stream type is sunk; and 
   establishing one or more real-time data stream connections between network nodes associated with respective objects each of which is associated with at least one of a source and a sink of one or more of the real-time data stream types, wherein the establishing based on the one or more switching rules, the respective sources and sinks associated with the objects, and respective positions of the objects in the virtual area, wherein the establishing comprises ascertaining the positions of the first and second objects in relation to one or more of the zones, and establishing the one or more real-time data stream connections based on the ascertained positions.   
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein the establishing comprises:
 identifying all the zones that are occupied by a given one of the objects; and;   determining a target set of real-time data stream types that the one or more switching rules associate with the identified zones.   
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein the establishing comprises:
 ascertaining ones of the objects excluding the given object that are contained in one or more of the zones from which ones of the real-time data stream types in the target set are sourced and into which ones of the real-time data stream types in the target set are sunk as defined by the one or more switching rules;   determining a connectable set of real-time data streams each of which is at least one of (i) sourced from one or more of the network nodes that are associated with the ascertained objects and (ii) sunk into one or more of the network nodes that are associated with the ascertained objects; and   determining a set of a required real-time data stream data based on a matching of sources and sinks that are associated with the connectable set of real-time data streams.   
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein at least one of the switching rules associates a respective source role identifier with a given one of the real-time data stream types, and the establishing comprises establishing one or more of the real-time data stream connections based on a comparison of the source role identifier with role identifiers respectively associated with one or more of the objects associated with sources of the given real-time data stream type. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein at least one of the switching rules associates a respective sink role identifier with a given one of the real-time data stream types, and the establishing comprises establishing one or more of the real-time data stream connections based on a comparison of the sink role identifier with role identifiers respectively associated with one or more of the objects associated with sinks of the real-time data stream type. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein the establishing additionally is based on at least one proximity policy rule that only allows connections of ones of the sources with compatible ones of the sinks that are associated with respective objects that are within a prescribed distance of each other in the virtual area. 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 26 , further comprising:
 maintaining an objects register, wherein the objects register comprises for each object in the virtual area a respective object identifier, connection data enabling a network connection to be established with a network node associated with the object, and interface data identifying all real-time data stream source types and sink types that respectively are associated with the object;   sending the objects register to one or more of the network nodes that are associated with objects in the virtual area.   
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 32 , further comprising:
 receiving interface data from a given one of the network nodes, wherein the interface data comprises for each object associated with the given network node a list of all real-time data stream source types and real-time data stream sink types that are associated with the given network node;   updating the objects register with the interface data received from the given network node; and   transmitting the updated objects register to one or more other ones of the network nodes that are associated with objects listed in the objects register.   
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 26 , further comprising determining a real-time data stream handling topology that delivers a specified set of real-time data stream data to a given one of the network nodes, wherein the virtual area specification specifies stream attribute values for one or more real-time data stream types in one or more zones of the virtual area, and the determining comprises selecting the real-time data stream handling topology based on the one or more stream attribute values specified by the virtual area specification. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein the virtual area specification assigns a first stream priority attribute value to a first real-time data stream type and assigns to a second real-time data stream type a second stream priority attribute value different from the first stream priority attribute value, and the selecting comprises selecting as the stream handling topology a topology that prioritizes the first and second real-time data stream types differently in accordance with the different first and second stream priority attribute values. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 35 , wherein the virtual area specification assigns a first stream topology attribute value to a first real-time data stream type and assigns to a second real-time data stream type a second stream topology attribute value different from the first stream topology attribute value, and the selecting comprises selecting different stream handling topologies for the first and second real-time data stream types in accordance with the different first and second stream topology attribute values. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 36 , wherein the stream handling topology selected for the first real-time data stream type delivers ones of the real-time data streams of the first type to the given network node in a mixed stream format, and the stream handling topology selected for the second real-time data stream type delivers ones of the real-time data streams of the second type to the given network node in an unmixed stream format. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein the establishing comprises creating the one or more real-time data stream connections through respective links, each of the links having a respective link bandwidth and carrying a respective transmission set of one or more real-time data streams.. 
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 38 , wherein the virtual area specification assigns one or more respective bandwidth levels to each of one or more real-time data stream types, and the creating is based on the one or more bandwidth levels respectively assigned to the one or more real-time data stream types by the virtual area specification. 
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 39 , wherein the virtual area specification assigns a respective minimum bandwidth level to each of one or more real-time data stream types, and the creating comprises determining a respective minimum link bandwidth level for each of the links based on the one or more minimum bandwidth levels respectively assigned to the one or more real-time data stream types by the virtual area specification and only creating links whose respective link bandwidth meets the determined respective minimum link bandwidth level. 
     
     
         41 . The method of  claim 39 , wherein:
 the virtual area specification assigns to each of one or more real-time data stream types a respective set of multiple bandwidth levels; and   the creating comprises attempting to create a given one of the links at a first candidate link bandwidth level determined based at least in part on the bandwidth levels assigned by the virtual area specification and, in response to failure to create the given link at the first candidate link bandwidth level, trying to create the given link at a second candidate link bandwidth level determined based at least in part on the bandwidth levels assigned by the virtual area specification.   
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 41 , wherein:
 the virtual area specification assigns a respective stream priority attribute value to each of one or more real-time data stream types; and   the creating comprises, for each of the links, allocating the respective link bandwidth to the one or more real-time data streams in the respective transmission set based at least in part on the one or more stream priority attribute values respectively assigned to the one or more real-time data stream types by the virtual area specification.   
     
     
         43 . An apparatus for switching real-time data stream connections between network nodes sharing a virtual area, comprising:
 a computer readable memory operable to store a virtual area specification comprising a description of one or more switching rules each defining a respective connection between sources of a respective real-time data stream type and sinks of the real-time data stream type in terms of positions in the virtual area, wherein:
 the virtual area specification comprises a description of one or more zones in the virtual area; and 
 the one or more switching rules associate with one or more of the zones (i) a respective real-time data stream type that is sourced from the zone and (ii) a respective one of the zones into which the respective real-time data stream type is sunk; and 
   a processing unit operable to establish one or more real-time data stream connections between network nodes associated with respective objects each of which is associated with at least one of a source and a sink of one or more of the real-time data stream types, wherein the processing unit is configured to establish the one or more real-time data stream connections based on the one or more switching rules, the respective sources and sinks associated with the objects, and respective positions of the objects in the virtual area, wherein to establish the one or more real-time data stream connections comprises ascertaining the positions of the first and second objects in relation to one or more of the zones, and establishing the one or more real-time data stream connections based on the ascertained positions.   
     
     
         44 . The apparatus of  claim 43 , wherein:
 the virtual area specification comprises a description of one or more zones in the virtual area;   the one or more switching rules associate with one or more of the zones (i) a respective real-time data stream type that is sourced from the zone and (ii) a respective one of the zones into which the respective real-time data stream type is sunk; and   the processing unit is operable to ascertain the positions of the first and second objects in relation to one or more of the zones and establish the one or more real-time data stream connections based on the ascertained positions.   
     
     
         45 . The apparatus of  claim 43 , wherein the processing unit is operable to: 
 identify all the zones that are occupied by a given one of the objects;   determining a target set of real-time data stream types that the one or more switching rules associate with the identified zones;   ascertain ones of the objects excluding the given object that are contained in one or more of the zones from which ones of the real-time data stream types in the target set are sourced and into which ones of the real-time data stream types in the target set are sunk as defined by the one or more switching rules;   determine a connectable set of real-time data streams each of which is at least one of (i) sourced from one or more of the network nodes that are associated with the ascertained objects and (ii) sunk into one or more of the network nodes that are associated with the ascertained objects; and   determine a set of required real-time data stream data based on a matching of sources and sinks that are associated with the connectable set of real-time data streams.   
     
     
         46 . The apparatus of  claim 43 , wherein at least one of the switching rules associates a respective role identifier with a given one of the real-time data stream types, and the processing unit establishes one or more of the real-time data stream connections based on a comparison of the role identifier with role identifiers respectively associated with one or more of the objects associated with at least one of (i) sources of the given real-time data stream type and (ii) sinks of the given real-time data stream types.