Using Carbon Dioxide From A Direct Air Capture System As A Low Global Warming Car And Industrial Refrigerant

Abstract

An apparatus includes a captured carbon dioxide input. The captured carbon dioxide input is coupled to receive captured carbon dioxide from a direct air capture system. The apparatus uses the captured carbon dioxide as a low global warming refrigerant to provide cooling functionality in automotive, commercial, and industrial applications, or other operations involving low global warming refrigerants. In various embodiments, the apparatus is a refrigeration apparatus or a heat pump apparatus. Low global warming carbon dioxide refrigerant is natural, non-toxic, non-flammable, and abundant when obtained from a direct air capture system. Moreover, carbon dioxide refrigerant has a high heat transfer coefficient and has a global warming potential (GWP) of one. Carbon dioxide refrigerant is a more sustainable and efficient coolant option than common refrigerants, such as R22, R152, R404a, and R1234yf refrigerants.

1 - 27 . (canceled) 
     
     
         28 . A system comprising:
 a captured carbon dioxide input coupled to receive captured carbon dioxide from a direct air capture system; and   means for using the direct air capture carbon dioxide as a low global warming refrigerant to provide heating.   
     
     
         29 . The system of  claim 28 , wherein the means is a heat pump apparatus. 
     
     
         30 . The system of  claim 28 , wherein a purity level of the captured carbon dioxide is between a range selected from the group consisting of: 91% and 100%, 95% and 100%, and 99% and 100%. 
     
     
         31 . A system comprising:
 a direct air capture system;   a multistage compression system that transforms carbon dioxide gas into sub and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid; and   a refrigerant system using the direct air capture carbon dioxide as a low global warming refrigerant.   
     
     
         32 . The system of  claim 31 , wherein carbon dioxide is compressed in multiple stages to serve varied temperature requirements throughout mobile and commercial low global warming refrigeration applications. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein additional multi-ejector system designs are employed to control coolant flow, optimize efficiency, and relieve the load on the main compressor, thus allowing the system to operate in extreme weather conditions. 
     
     
         34 . A system comprising:
 a direct air capture system;   a multistage compression system that transforms carbon dioxide gas into sub and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid; and   a heat pump using direct air captured carbon dioxide as a low global warming fluid.