US2023231489A1PendingUtilityA1
System for bulk capacitance reduction
Est. expiryJan 14, 2042(~15.5 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Lingxiao Xue
H02J 7/575H02J 7/56H02M 7/1555Y02B70/10H02J 2207/20H02M 1/15H02M 7/06H02M 7/155H02M 3/33592H02M 3/285
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Claims
Abstract
A rectifier for use in a power supply is provided, including a capacitor charge control circuit operable to enable reduction in bulk capacitance.
Claims
exact text as granted — not AI-modifiedThe embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1 . Self-driven circuitry to be connected in series with a bulk capacitor between first and second output ports of a rectifier, the self-driven circuitry comprising:
a thyristor circuit including an anode terminal, a cathode terminal, and a gate terminal, wherein the anode terminal is connected to a first connector of the bulk capacitor that opposes a second connector of the bulk capacitor that is connected to the second output port, wherein the cathode terminal is connected to the first output port; a diode connected antiparallel to the thyristor circuit between the anode terminal and the cathode terminal; and a Zener diode connected parallel to the thyristor circuit between the gate terminal and the anode terminal.
2 . The self-driven circuitry of claim 1 wherein the rectifier includes a full diode-bridge.
3 . The self-driven circuitry of claim 1 wherein the thyristor circuit includes a silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR), wherein the SCR includes a cathode connected to the cathode terminal, an anode connected to the anode terminal, and a gate connected to the gate terminal.
4 . The self-driven circuitry of claim 1 wherein the thyristor circuit includes:
an NPN transistor for which an emitter of the NPN transistor is connected to the cathode terminal;
a PNP transistor for which an emitter of the PNP transistor is connected to the anode terminal, a collector of the PNP transistor being connected to a gate of the NPN transistor, a gate of the PNP transistor being connected to a collector of the NPN transistor; and
a driving resistor connected between the gate of the NPN transistor and the emitter of the NPN transistor.
5 . An AC-DC converter comprising:
a rectifier stage operable to output DC voltage, the rectifier stage including:
the rectifier including input ports to be connected to an AC-voltage source, the rectifier including the first and second output ports to deliver output voltage based on power from the AC-voltage voltage,
the bulk capacitor including a first terminal connected to the second output port, and
the self-driven circuitry of claim 1 connected between the first output port and a second terminal of the bulk capacitor that opposes the first terminal of the bulk capacitor,
wherein the AC-DC converter is configured to deliver the DC voltage over a voltage range between a maximum voltage VMAX and a minimum voltage VMIN.
6 . The AC-DC converter of claim 5 wherein the rectifier includes a full diode-bridge.
7 . The AC-DC converter of claim 5 wherein:
the rectifier stage includes a first stage output and a second stage output;
the cathode terminal of the self-driven circuitry is connected to the first stage output;
the second output port of the rectifier is connected to the second stage output; and
the DC voltage is output from the first and second stage outputs.
8 . The AC-DC converter of claim 5 wherein the Zener diode is configured to have a reverse voltage that is substantially equal to the difference VMAX−VMIN.
9 . The AC-DC converter of claim 5 wherein an SCR of the thyristor circuit is configured to include an off-state voltage that is larger than the difference VMAX−VMIN, and a gate current ISCR_GATE that is smaller than a reverse breakdown current of the Zener diode IZENER_REVERSE.
10 . The AC-DC converter of claim 5 wherein the DC blocking voltage of the diode is configured to be larger than the difference VMAX−VMIN.
11 . The AC-DC converter of claim 5 wherein a capacitance value of the bulk capacitor substantially corresponds to
2
P
o
β
n
e
w
2
π
f
line
(
V
MAX
2
-
V
MIN
2
)
,
where
β
n
e
w
=
π
-
2
cos
-
1
(
V
MIN
V
MAX
)
,
and where f fine is the frequency of the AC-voltage source, and P 0 is the output power of the rectifier.
12 . The AC-DC converter of claim 5 is a GaN-based active-clamp flyback AC-DC converter for universal serial bus power delivery charger applications.
13 . A capacitor charge controller operable to control charge and discharge of a bulk capacitor, the bulk capacitor including a first capacitor terminal and a second capacitor terminal, the capacitor charge controller comprising:
a switching circuit including a first terminal, a second terminal, and an input terminal, wherein the first terminal is operably coupled to a first rectifier output of a rectifier, wherein the second terminal is operably coupled to the first capacitor terminal of the bulk capacitor, wherein the second capacitor terminal of the bulk capacitor is operably coupled to a second rectifier output of the rectifier; a diode connected in parallel to the switching circuit and including a diode anode terminal and a diode cathode terminal, the diode anode terminal being operably coupled to the first terminal of the switching circuit, the diode cathode terminal being operably coupled to the second terminal of the switching circuit; and a Zener diode operably coupled to the input terminal of the switching circuitry and the first capacitor terminal of the bulk capacitor.
14 . The capacitor charge controller of claim 13 wherein the switching circuit includes a thyristor with a thyristor anode, a thyristor cathode, and gate input, wherein the thyristor cathode is coupled to the first terminal and the thyristor anode is coupled to the second terminal, wherein the gate input is coupled to the input terminal.
15 . The capacitor charge controller of claim 14 wherein the Zener diode controls operation of the thyristor via the gate input.
16 . The capacitor charge controller of claim 14 wherein the diode is connected antiparallel to the thyristor.
17 . The capacitor charge controller of claim 13 wherein the switching circuit includes:
an NPN transistor for which an emitter of the NPN transistor is connected to the cathode terminal;
a PNP transistor for which an emitter of the PNP transistor is connected to the anode terminal, a collector of the PNP transistor being connected to a gate of the NPN transistor, a gate of the PNP transistor being connected to a collector of the NPN transistor; and
a driving resistor connected between the gate of the NPN transistor and the emitter of the NPN transistor.
18 . The capacitor charge controller of claim 14 wherein the capacitor charge controller is self-driven.
19 . The capacitor charge controller of claim 13 wherein the capacitor charge controller and the bulk capacitor are provided in series between first and second output ports of a rectifier, wherein the rectifier is operable to receive AC-voltage from an AC power source, and wherein the rectifier, the capacitor charge controller, and the bulk capacitor are operable to output DC-voltage.
20 . The capacitor charge controller of claim 19 wherein the Zener diode is configured to have a reverse voltage that is substantially equal to the difference VMAX−VMIN.Join the waitlist — get patent alerts
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