Laser control using a spectrometer

Abstract

Systems, devices, and methods for identifying a target in a body using a spectroscopic feedback from the target are disclosed. An exemplary surgical feedback control system comprises a feedback analyzer configured to receive a reflected signal from a target in response to electromagnetic radiation directed at a target, and a controller in operative communication with the feedback analyzer. The controller can generate a control signal to a surgical system to perform a predetermined operation based upon the received reflected signal, including determining a composition of the target, or programming a laser setting to direct laser energy to the target.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . An internet-enabled surgical control system, comprising:
 a feedback analyzer in operative communication with an internet-of-things (IoT) system that maintains a database library of composition characteristic data of anatomical tissue or calculi structures, the feedback analyzer configured to:
 receive a reflected signal from a target in response to electromagnetic radiation incident on the target; 
 communicate with the IoT system to access the database library; and 
 determine two or more distinct types of composition in the target using the received reflected signal and the composition characteristic data from the database library; and 
   a controller circuit configured to generate a control signal to a treatment device to deliver a treatment to the target based at least in part on the determined two or more distinct types of composition.   
     
     
         2 . The internet-enabled surgical control system of  claim 1 , wherein the treatment device is a laser system,
 wherein the controller circuit is configured to generate the control signal to adjust a laser operating mode of the laser system based at least in part on the determined two or more distinct types of composition, and to deliver laser energy to the target in accordance with the laser operating mode.   
     
     
         3 . The internet-enabled surgical control system of  claim 2 , comprising a multi-fiber accessory configured to direct one or more of the electromagnetic radiation or the laser energy via respective fibers. 
     
     
         4 . The internet-enabled surgical control system of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the feedback analyzer is configured to determine the two or more distinct types of composition at two or more distinct portions of the target; and   the controller circuit is configured to generate the control signal to the treatment device to deliver respective treatments to the two or more distinct portions of the target.   
     
     
         5 . The internet-enabled surgical control system of  claim 1 , wherein the composition characteristic data includes composition spectral data,
 wherein the feedback analyzer is associated with a spectroscopic sensor configured to collect spectral data from the received reflected signal, and the feedback analyzer is configured to determine the two or more distinct types of composition of the target based at least in part on a comparison between (i) the collected spectral data of the received reflected signal and (ii) the composition spectral data from the database library.   
     
     
         6 . The internet-enabled surgical control system of  claim 1 , wherein the database library is stored in a cloud computing and storage device of the IoT system,
 wherein the feedback analyzer is configured to access the database library via the cloud computing and storage device.   
     
     
         7 . The internet-enabled surgical control system of  claim 6 , wherein to access the database library includes to receive therefrom cloud services including a target composition recognition algorithm,
 wherein the feedback analyzer is configured to determine the two or more distinct types of composition of the target using the cloud services.   
     
     
         8 . The internet-enabled surgical control system of  claim 7 , wherein the target composition recognition algorithm includes an artificial-intelligence (AI) or machine-learning (ML) based algorithm for recognizing or classifying a target composition. 
     
     
         9 . The internet-enabled surgical control system of  claim 8 , wherein the AI or ML based algorithm includes a trained ML model being trained by an ML engine in the cloud computing and storage device using a training dataset comprising the composition characteristic data stored in the database library. 
     
     
         10 . The internet-enabled surgical control system of  claim 9 , wherein the training dataset includes composition spectral data of anatomical tissue or calculi structures collected from a patient population. 
     
     
         11 . The internet-enabled surgical control system of  claim 6 , wherein to access the database library includes to receive therefrom information about respective setups of the treatment device corresponding to different types of composition,
 wherein the controller circuit is configured to generate the control signal to determine a setup of the treatment device using the received information about respective setups of the treatment device corresponding to the different types of composition, and to deliver the treatment to the target in accordance with the determined setup.   
     
     
         12 . The internet-enabled surgical control system of  claim 11 , wherein the respective setups of the treatment device include respective laser operating modes of a laser system corresponding to the different types of composition. 
     
     
         13 . The internet-enabled surgical control system of  claim 6 , wherein to access the database library includes to receive therefrom cloud services of remote monitoring and maintenance of one or more the feedback analyzer or the controller circuit. 
     
     
         14 . A method of controlling an internet-enabled surgical system, the method comprising:
 directing electromagnetic radiation at a target;   receiving a reflected signal from the target in response to the electromagnetic radiation at the target;   establishing a communication between a feedback analyzer and an internet-of-things (IoT) system and accessing a database library of composition characteristic data of anatomical tissue or calculi structures in the IoT system;   determining two or more distinct types of composition in the target using the received reflected signal and the composition characteristic data from the database library; and   generating, via a controller circuit, a control signal to a treatment device to deliver a treatment to the target based at least in part on the determined two or more distinct types of composition.   
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the treatment includes surgical laser treatment, the method further comprising, in response to the control signal:
 adjusting a laser operating mode based at least in part on the determined two or more distinct types of composition; and   delivering, via the treatment device, laser energy to the target in accordance with the laser operating mode.   
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the composition characteristic data includes composition spectral data, the method further comprising collecting spectral data from the received reflected signal using a spectroscopic sensor,
 wherein determining the two or more distinct types of composition of the target is based at least in part on a comparison between (i) the collected spectral data of the received reflected signal and (ii) the composition spectral data from the database library.   
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein accessing the database library includes receiving therefrom cloud services including a target composition recognition algorithm, wherein determining the two or more distinct types of composition of the target includes using the cloud services. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the target composition recognition algorithm includes an artificial-intelligence (AI) or machine-learning (ML) based algorithm for recognizing or classifying a target composition. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein accessing the database library includes receiving therefrom information about respective setups of the treatment device corresponding to different types of composition, the method including, in response to the control signal:
 determining a setup of the treatment device using the information about respective setups of the treatment device corresponding to the different types of composition; and   delivering, via the treatment device, the treatment to the target in accordance with the determined setup.   
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein accessing the database library includes receiving therefrom cloud services including remote monitoring and maintenance of one or more the feedback analyzer or the controller circuit of the internet-enabled surgical system.