User Authentication Using mm-Wave Sensor for Automotive Radar Systems

Abstract

In an embodiment, a method for authenticating a user of a car includes: transmitting a plurality of radiation pulses through a predetermined portion of a surface of the car towards a portion of a hand of the user using a millimeter-wave radar, receiving a reflected signal from the portion of the hand using the millimeter-wave radar; generating a fingerprint signature based on the reflected signal; comparing the fingerprint signature to a database of authorized fingerprint signatures; and authorizing the user based on whether the fingerprint signature matches an authorized fingerprint signature of the database of authorized fingerprint signatures.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method for authenticating a user of a vehicle, the method comprising:
 transmitting a plurality of radar signals through a predetermined portion of a surface of the vehicle towards a portion of a hand of the user using a millimeter-wave radar;   receiving reflected radar signals from the portion of the hand using the millimeter-wave radar;   generating a fingerprint signature based on the reflected radar signals;   comparing the fingerprint signature to a database of authorized fingerprint signatures; and   authorizing the user based on whether the fingerprint signature matches an authorized fingerprint signature of the database.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the predetermined portion of the surface of the vehicle comprises a surface of a handle of the vehicle. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the reflected radar signals comprise radar signals reflected from a portion of a finger of the hand while the finger touches the predetermined portion of the surface of the vehicle. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the predetermined portion of the surface of the vehicle comprises a surface of a steering wheel of the vehicle. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the predetermined portion of the surface of the vehicle comprises a portion of a scanning plaque. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the portion of the hand of the user comprises a portion of a palm of the hand. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising detecting a proximity of the user to the vehicle, wherein transmitting the plurality of radar signals comprises transmitting the plurality of radar signals after detecting the proximity of the user. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein detecting the proximity of the user to the vehicle comprises detecting the proximity of the user using the millimeter-wave radar. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 scanning a fingerprint with a smartphone;   sending the scanned fingerprint to the database; and   adding the authorized fingerprint signature to the database based on the scanned fingerprint.   
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising, after determining that the fingerprint signature matches the authorized fingerprint signature of the database, requesting a finger gesture by projecting an unlock area. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 requesting access to the vehicle using a smartphone;   receiving approval via the smartphone;   scanning a fingerprint with the smartphone; and   registering the scanned fingerprint as the authorized fingerprint signature in the database before generating the fingerprint signature based on the reflected radar signals.   
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising unlocking a door of the vehicle when the user is authorized. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the fingerprint signature is indicative of a predetermined way of placing the hand in the predetermined portion of the surface of the vehicle. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein generating the fingerprint signature comprises generating a radar image based on the reflected radar signals, and wherein comparing the fingerprint signature to the database comprises comparing the radar image to one or more reference signatures of the database. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein comparing the radar image to the one or more reference signatures comprises using a nearest neighbor algorithm. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the radar image is a range cross-range image. 
     
     
         17 . A millimeter-wave radar comprising:
 two transmitting antennas configured to transmit a plurality of radar signals through a predetermined portion of a surface of a vehicle;   two receiving antennas configured to receive reflected radar signals; and   a processor configured to:
 generate a fingerprint signature based on the reflected radar signals, 
 compare the generated fingerprint signature to a database of authorized fingerprint signatures, and 
 authenticate a user based on whether the fingerprint signature matches an authorized fingerprint signature of the database. 
   
     
     
         18 . The millimeter-wave radar of  claim 17 , wherein the two receiving antennas are misaligned along a first axis, and wherein the two transmitting antennas are aligned along the first axis. 
     
     
         19 . The millimeter-wave radar of  claim 17 , wherein the processor is further configured to:
 detect a gesture of a finger based on the reflected radar signals,   generate a gesture signature based on the detected gesture,   compare the gesture signature to a predetermined authorized gesture signature, and   further authenticate the user based on whether the gesture signature matches the predetermined authorized gesture signature.   
     
     
         20 . A vehicle comprising:
 a surface;   a millimeter-wave radar configured to transmit radar signals through a predetermined portion of the surface of the vehicle, and receive reflected radar signals; and   a processor configured to:
 generate a fingerprint signature based on the reflected radar signals, 
 compare the generated fingerprint signature to a database of authorized fingerprint signatures, and 
 authenticate a user based on whether the fingerprint signature matches an authorized fingerprint signature of the database.