Kinematic Alignment and Novel Femoral and Tibial Prosthetics

Abstract

A tibial component placement guide for use in a knee arthroplasty procedure involving a knee joint comprising a tibia, a patella, and a femur, the tibial component placement guide comprising an overlay configured to be overlaid a resected tibia that typifies at least one of a shape and an outline of the resected tibia, the overlay including at least one of an indicia and an opening indicative of at least one of an orientation and a position of a presurgical kinematic axis of at least one of the femur and the patella.

1 . A tibial component placement guide for use in a knee arthroplasty procedure involving a knee joint comprising a tibia, a patella, and a femur, the tibial component placement guide comprising:
 an overlay configured to be overlaid a resected tibia that typifies at least one of a shape and an outline of the resected tibia, the overlay including at least one of an indicia and an opening indicative of at least one of an orientation and a position of a presurgical kinematic axis of at least one of the femur and the patella.   
     
     
         2 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 1 , wherein the overlay includes an opening indicative of an orientation of a first presurgical axis of the femur and the second presurgical kinematic axis of the femur. 
     
     
         3 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 2 , wherein the opening comprises a through hole. 
     
     
         4 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 3 , wherein:
 the through hole outlines a T-shape;   a horizontal aspect of the T-shape is indicative of the orientation of the first presurgical axis of the femur; and,   a vertical aspect of the T-shape is indicative of the orientation of the second presurgical axis of the femur.   
     
     
         5 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 3 , wherein:
 the through hole outlines a + shape;   a horizontal aspect of the + shape is indicative of the orientation of the first presurgical axis of the femur; and,   a vertical aspect of the + shape is indicative of the orientation of the second presurgical axis of the femur.   
     
     
         6 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 2 , wherein:
 the opening comprises a first through hole and a second through hole;   the first through hole is indicative of the orientation of the first presurgical axis of the femur; and,   the second through hole is indicative of the orientation of the second presurgical axis of the femur.   
     
     
         7 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 2 , wherein:
 the opening comprises a first cutout and a second cutout;   the first cutout is indicative of the position of the first presurgical axis of the femur; and,   the second cutout is indicative of the position of the second presurgical axis of the femur.   
     
     
         8 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 1 , wherein the presurgical kinematic axis of the femur comprises a posterior condylar axis of the femur. 
     
     
         9 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 1 , wherein the presurgical kinematic axis of the femur comprises a helical axis of the femur. 
     
     
         10 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 1 , wherein the overlay includes the outline of the resected tibia. 
     
     
         11 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 10 , wherein the outline is patient-specific. 
     
     
         12 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 1 , further comprising at least one of an indicia and an opening indicative of at least two of a medial guide, a lateral guide, a size of the tibial component placement guide, and a particular patient. 
     
     
         13 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 1 , wherein the tibial component placement guide is fabricated from at least one of titanium, a titanium alloy, stainless steel, and a stainless steel alloy. 
     
     
         14 . The tibial component placement guide of any of the foregoing claims, wherein the tibial component placement guide includes a through aperture configured to align a through fastener mounted to the resected tibia. 
     
     
         15 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 14 , wherein the through fastener comprises a pin. 
     
     
         16 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 15 , wherein:
 the through aperture comprises a plurality of through apertures; and,   each of the plurality of apertures is configured to receive a pin.   
     
     
         17 . The tibial component placement guide of any of the foregoing claims, wherein the overlay comprises a base plate. 
     
     
         18 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 17 , wherein the base plate includes a flange along a periphery of the base plate. 
     
     
         19 . The tibial component placement guide of any of the foregoing claims, further comprising at least one of an indicia and an opening indicative of the orientation of a third axis of the femur, the third axis being parallel to the first axis. 
     
     
         20 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 1 , wherein the overlay includes an opening indicative of the orientation of the first presurgical axis of the patella. 
     
     
         21 . The tibial component placement guide of  claim 20 , wherein the opening comprises a through hole. 
     
     
         22 . A kinematic femoral component for use in a knee arthroplasty procedure involving a knee joint comprising a tibia, a patella, and a femur, the kinematic femoral component comprising:
 a femoral component replicating a presurgical trochlear groove angle of a femur that is parallel to a sagittal femoral kinematic plane.   
     
     
         23 . The kinematic femoral component of  claim 22 , wherein a lateral aspect of the kinematic femoral component includes an anterior flange extending proximally, with the respect to a femur, between 10 to 45 millimeters beyond a femoral knee center of the femur. 
     
     
         24 . The kinematic femoral component of  claim 22 , wherein a medial aspect of the kinematic femoral component includes an anterior flange extending proximally, the respect to a femur, between 10 to 25 millimeters beyond a femoral knee center of the femur.