Vaccines against coronavirus and methods of use

Abstract

Disclosed herein are nucleic acid molecules encoding a SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen, SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens, immunogenic compositions, and vaccines and their use in inducing immune responses and protecting against or treating a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in a subject.

What is claimed: 
     
         1 . A nucleic acid molecule encoding a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike antigen, the nucleic acid molecule comprising:
 a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of the nucleic acid sequence set forth from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 2,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 2,   the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 2,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 3,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 5,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 5,   the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 5, the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 6, or   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.   
     
     
         2 . An expression vector comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike antigen, the nucleic acid molecule comprising:
 a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of the nucleic acid sequence set forth from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 2,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 2,   the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 2,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 3,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 5,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 5,   the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 5,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 6, or   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.   
     
     
         3 . An immunogenic composition comprising an effective amount of an expression vector and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, wherein the expression vector comprises a nucleic acid molecule encoding a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike antigen, the nucleic acid molecule comprising:
 a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of the nucleic acid sequence set forth from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 2,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 2,   the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 2,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 3,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 5,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 5,   the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 5,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 6, or   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.   
     
     
         4 . The immunogenic composition according to  claim 3 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient comprises a buffer. 
     
     
         5 . The immunogenic composition according to  claim 4 , wherein the buffer is saline-sodium citrate buffer. 
     
     
         6 . The immunogenic composition of  claim 5 , wherein the composition comprises 10 mg of the vector per milliliter of saline-sodium citrate buffer. 
     
     
         7 . The immunogenic composition according to  claim 3 , further comprising an adjuvant. 
     
     
         8 . A vaccine for the prevention or treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection comprising an effective amount of the nucleic acid molecule of  claim 1  and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 
     
     
         9 . The vaccine according to  claim 8 , further comprising an adjuvant. 
     
     
         10 . A method of inducing an immune response against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering an effective amount of an immunogenic composition to the subject, wherein the immunogenic composition comprises an expression vector comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding a SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen, the nucleic acid molecule comprising:
 a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of the nucleic acid sequence set forth from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 2,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 2,   the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 2,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 3,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 5,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 5,   the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 5,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 6, or   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6,   and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.   
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein administering comprises at least one of electroporation and parenteral administration. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein administering comprises parenteral administration followed by electroporation. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 10 , further comprising administering to the subject at least one additional agent for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection or the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13  wherein the immunogenic composition is administered to the subject before, concurrently with, or after the additional agent. 
     
     
         15 . A method of protecting a subject in need thereof from infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the nucleic acid molecule of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         16 . A method of protecting a subject in need thereof from a disease or disorder associated with infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the nucleic acid molecule of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         17 . A method of treating a subject in need thereof against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the nucleic acid molecule of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         18 . A method of detecting a persistent cellular immune response in a subject, the method comprising the steps of:
 administering an immunogenic composition for inducing an immune response against a SARS-CoV-2 antigen to a subject in need thereof;   isolating peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from the subject;   stimulating the isolated PBMCs with a SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of residues 19 to 1279 of SEQ ID NO: 1, the amino acid sequence set forth in residues 19 to 1279 of SEQ ID NO: 1, an amino acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 1, the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, an amino acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of residues 19 to 1279 of SEQ ID NO: 4, an amino acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 4, the amino acid sequence set forth in residues 19 to 1279 of SEQ ID NO: 4, the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4, and a fragment thereof comprising at least 20 amino acids; and   detecting at least one of the number of cytokine expressing cells and the level of cytokine expression.   
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein the step of detecting at least one of the number of cytokine expressing cells and the level of cytokine expression is performed using an assay selected from the group consisting of Enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) and Intracellular Cytokine Staining (ICS) analysis using flow cytometry. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein the subject is administered an immunogenic composition comprising a nucleic acid molecule, the nucleic acid molecule comprising:
 a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of the nucleic acid sequence set forth from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 2,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 2,   the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 2,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 3,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 5,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 5,   the nucleic acid sequence from nucleotide 55 to nucleotide 3837 of SEQ ID NO: 5,   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5,   a nucleic acid sequence having at least about 90% identity over an entire length of SEQ ID NO: 6, or   the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.